Page 1 of 7 CPP - SANKALP_MW–5-PH-IV

CPP
MECHANICAL WAVE-SHEET: 5

LEVEL – I
1. A sound wave of 40 cm wavelength enters the
tube as shown in the figure. What must be the
r
smallest radius r such that a minimum will be
heard at the detector ?
Soruce Detector

2. The distance between two consecutive nodes on a stretched string is 10 cm. It is in resonance with a tuning
fork of frequency 256 Hz. What is the velocity of the progressive wave in the string?

3. Calculate the resultant amplitude due to superposition of two waves y1 = 5sin (wt  kx) and
y2= 5 cos (wt kx 150°)

4. A wave represented by the equation y = A cos (kx –t) is superimposed with another wave to form a statioary
wave such that the point x =0 is a node. Write the equation of the other wave

5. The transverse displacement of a string (clamped at its both ends having mass per unit length 2 gm/m) is
given by
2
y  x, t   0.06sin x cos 120 t 
3
Answer the following:
(a) Does the function represent a travelling wave or a stationary wave?
(b) Interpret the wave as a superposition of two waves travelling in opposite directions. What is the
wavelength, frequency, and speed of each wave?
(c) Determine the tension in the string.

6. A chord attached to a vibrating fork divides it into 6 loops, when its tension is 36 N. Find the tension at which it
will vibrate in 4 loops

7. The ratio of intensities of two waves is 1:16. Find the ratio of maximum to minimum intensities when these
waves interfere
2
8. A complex wave y = 3 sin t cos 500t is formed by superposition of many waves? Find number of wave
involved.

9. A taut string fixed at both ends vibrates in its nth overtone. The distance between adjacent Node and Antinode
is found to be 'd'. If the length of the string is L, then find value of L.

10. Figure, shows a stationary wave between two fixed points P and Q. Which
point(s) of 1, 2 and 3 are in phase with the point X?
(A) 1, 2 and 3 (B) 1 and 2 only
(C) 2 and 3 only (D) 3 only

11. In a standing wave on a string.

(A) In one time period all the particles are simultaneously at rest twice.
(B) All the particles must be at their positive extremes simultaneously once in one time period.
(C) All the particles may be at their positive extremes simultaneouslyonce in a time period.
(D) All the particles are never at rest simultaneously.

LEVEL-II
1. A stretched uniform wire of a sonometer between two fixed knife edges, when vibrates in its second harmonic
gives 1 beat per second with a vibrating tuning fork of frequency 200 Hz. Find the percentage change in the
tension of the wire to be in unison with the tuning for k.

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Page 2 of 7 CPP - SANKALP_MW–5-PH-IV
2. Sound of wavelength  passes through a Quincke’s tube, which is adjusted to give a maximum intensity I0.
Find the distance through the sliding tube should be moved to give an intensity I0/2.

3. Two waves are propagating along a taut string that coincides with the x-axis. The first has the wave function y1
= A cos[k(x  ut)] and the second has the wave function y2 = A cos[k(x+ ut) + 0].
(A) What value of 0 will produce constructive interference at x = 0? Destructive interference at x = 0?
(B) For each of the values of 0 found in (a), write the total wave function, y = y1 + y2.
(C) Find the points along the string that are always stationary.

4. The vibrations of a string of length 60 cm fixed at both ends are represented by the equation y = 4
 x 
sin   cos  96  t  where x and y are in cm and t is in seconds.
 15 
(i) What is the maximum displacement of a point at x = 5 cm?
(ii) Where are the nodes located along the string?
(iii) What is the velocity of the particle at x = 7.5 cm and at t = 0.25 s?
(iv) Write down the equations of the component waves whose superposition gives the above wave.

5. Two sources S1 and S2, separated by 2.0 m, vibrate according to equation y1 = 0.03 sin t and
y2 = 0.02 sin t, where y1, y2 and t are in S.I. units. They send out waves of equal velocity 1.5 m/s. Calculate
the amplitude of the resultant motion of the particle co-linear with S1 and S2 and located at a point:
(a) P1 to the right of S2, 1m 1m
(b) P2 to the left of S1, and
(c) P3 in the middle of S1 and S2. P2 S1 P3 S2 P1

6. A wire having a linear density 0.10 kg/m is kept under a 490 N tension. It is observed that it resonates at a
frequency of 400 Hz and the next frequency 450 Hz. Calculate the length of the wire

7 A wave is represented by the equation y = 10 sin 2(100t0.02x) + 10 sin 2(100t+0.02x).

Find the maximum amplitude and loop length respectively

8. A string 1m long is drawn by a 300Hz vibrator attached to its end. The string vibrates in 3
segments. Calculate the speed of transverse waves in the string

 20 
9. A standing wave y = A sin   x  cos (1000t) is maintained in a taut string where y and x are expressed in
 3 
meters. Find the distance between the successive points oscillating with the amplitude A/2 across a node
10. A string of length 0.4 m & mass 102 kg is tightly clamped at its ends. The tension in the string is 1.6 N.
Identical wave pulses are produced at one end at equal intervals of time, t. Find the minimum value of t
which allows constructive interference between successive pulses

11. Three coherent waves of equal frequencies having amplitude 10 m, 4m and 7 m respectively, arrive at a
given point with successive phase difference of /2. Find the amplitude of the resulting wave in µm

12. A 40 cm long wire having a mass 3.2 gm and area of c.s. 1 mm2 is stretched between the support
40.05 cm apart. In its fundamental mode. It vibrate with a frequency 1000/64 Hz. Find the young’s modulus of
the wire.

13. A string of mass 0.2kg/m in length L=0.6m is fixed at both ends and stretched such that it has a tension of
80N. The string is vibrating in its third normal mode, has an amplitude of 0.5cm. What is the frequency of
oscillation? What is the maximum transverse velocity amplitude?

14. A string fixed at both ends has consecutive standing wave modes for which the distances between adjacent
nodes are 18 cm and 16 cm respectively.
(a) What is the length of the string?
(b) If the tension is 10 N and the linear mass density is 4g/m, what is the fundamental frequency?

15. A string fixed at both ends is vibrating in the lowest mode of vibration for which a point at quarter of its length
from one end is a point of maximum displacement. The frequency of vibration in this mode is
100 Hz. What will be the frequency emitted when it vibrates in the next mode such that this point is again a
point of maximum displacement?
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16. A sonometer wire has a length133 cm between two fixed ends. Two bridges are placed between the fixed
ends so that wire divide in three segments whose fundamental frequencies are in the ratio 1: 3:4. Find the
distance between bridge it

17. Two waves are given as y1 = 3A cos(t  kx) and y2 = A cos(3t  3kx). Calculate amplitude of resultant wave
(A) A (B) 2A (C) 3A (D) 4A

18. A metallic wire of length L is fixed between two rigid supports. If the wire is cooled through a temperature
difference T (Y = young’s modulus,  = density,  = coefficient of linear expansion) then the frequency of
transverse vibration is proportional to :
 Y  
(A) (B) (C) (D)
Y  Y Y
19. A string of length 1m and linear mass density 0.01kgm1 is stretched to a tension of 100N. When both ends of
the string are fixed, the three lowest frequencies for standing wave are f1, f2 and f3. When only one end of the
string is fixed, the three lowest frequencies for standing wave are n1, n2 and n3. Then
(A) n3 = 5n1 = f3 = 125 Hz (B) f3 = 5f1 = n2 = 125 Hz
f1  f 2
(C) f3 = n2 = 3f1 = 150 Hz (D) n2 = = 75 Hz
2

 
20. The equation of a wave disturbance is given as : y = 0.02 cos   50t  cos (10x), where x and y are in
2 
meters and t in seconds. Choose the wrong statement:
(A) Antinode occurs at x = 0.3 m (B) The wavelength is 0.2 m
(C) The speed of the constituent waves is 4 m/s (D) Node occurs at x = 0.15 m

21. A standing wave pattern of amplitude A in a string of length L shows 2 nodes (plus those at two ends). If one
end of the string corresponds to the origin and v is the speed of progressive wave, the disturbance in the
string, could be represented (with appropriate phase) as:
 2x   2vt   3x   3vt 
(A) y(x, t)  A sin   cos   (B) y(x, t)  A cos   sin  
 L   L   L   L 
 4x   4vt   3x   3vt 
(C) y(x, t)  A cos   cos   (D) y(x, t)  A sin   cos  
 L   L   L   L 
22. A progressive wave is incident at a boundary. Wave partially transmit and partially reflects. 75% of incident
energy is transmitted. Which of the following is not true about resultant wave formed due to superposition of
incident wave and reflected wave
(A) Amplitude varies with position.
(B) Ratio of minimum amplitude to maximum amplitude is 1/3
(C) Ratio of minimum amplitude to maximum amplitude is zero.
(D) Amplitude of reflected waves is 1/2 of incident wave.

23. The vibration of a string fixed at both ends are described by Y= 2 sin(x) sin(100t) where Y is in mm,x is in
cm,t in sec then
(A)Maximum displacement of the particle at x = 1/6 cm would be 1 mm.
(B) velocity of the particle at x = 1/6 cm at time t = 1/600 sec will be 157 3 mm/s
(C) If the length of the string be 10 cm, number of loop in it would be 5
(D) None of these

24. The length, tension, diameter and density of a wire B are double than the corresponding quantities for another
stretched wire A. Then.
1
(A) Fundamental frequency of B is times that of A.
2 2
1
(B) The velocity of wave in B is times that of velocity in A.
2
(C) The fundamental frequency of A is equal to the third overtone of B.
(D) The velocity of wave in B is half that of velocity in A.

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COMPREHENSION – 1
A wave y = A sin (t  kx) is incident on a rigid perfectly reflecting wall and gets reflected without any loss of energy.
25. The equation of reflected wave is
(A) y = A sin(t  kx) (B) y = A sin(t  kx) (C) y = A sin(t + kx) (D) y = A sin(t + kx)

26. The equation of resulting wave is

(A) y = 2A sin kx cos t (B) y = 2A cos kx sin t
(C) y = A sin kx cos t (D) y = A sin2(t + kx) cos (t  kx)

 1
27. If k = m and  = 100 Hz, the distance of maximum amplitude from the wall is
2
(A) 0.5 m (B) 1 m (C) 2 m (D) 4 m

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Page 5 of 7 CPP - SANKALP_MW–5-PH-IV
MECHANICAL WAVE-SHEET: 5
ANSWER KEY
LEVEL – I
1. 17.52 cm
2. 51.20 ms1
3. 5
4. – A cos (kx + t)
5. ?
6. 81 N
7. 25:9
2
7. Imax  I I
1 2  25
2
Imin  I  I 
1 2 9
 Imax : Imin  25 : 9

8. 3
2
8. y = 3 sin t cos 500t
3 3 3
y  1  cos 2t  cos500t  cos500t  2cos 2t cos500t 
2 2 4
3 3 3
y  cos500t  cos502t  cos 498t
2 4 2
2
This implies, y = 3 sin t cos 500t is the superposition of 3 waves.

9. L = 2d (n + 1)
10. C
11. A, C

LEVEL - II
1. 1%
2. /8
3. The linear superposition of the two waves gives
Y = y1 + y2 = A{cos[k(x  ut)] + cos[k(x + ut) + 0]}
 1   1 
or Y(x, t) = 2A cos  kx  0  cos  kut  0 
 2   2 
(A) At x = 0, we have
1   1 
Y(0, t) = 2A cos  0  cos  kut  0 
2   2 
1 
For maximum displacement (either sign for Y), cos  0  must be 1. Thus, for constructive interference, we
2 
have
0(constructive) = 0, 2, 4, …
= 2n ( n = 0, 1, 2, …)
  1  
For destructive interference cos  0   0  , we have
  2  
0(destructive) = , 3, 5, …
= (2n + 1) (n = 0, 1, 2, …)
(B) Substituting 0 for the case of constructive interference, we find
yc(x, t) = 2A cos kx cos kut
For the case of destructive interference, we have
yc(x, t) = 2A sin kx sin kut

(C) For both cases, there are positions of zero displacement for all values of t. These occur at points for which
cos kx = 0 in the case of constructive interference and at points for which sin kx = 0 in the case of
destructive interference. That is,
1 
kx  (2n  1) (constructive)
2  n  0, 1, 2, ...
kx  n (destructive) 
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Such points of permanent zero displacement are called nodes.

4. (iv) y = 4 sin(x/15) cos(96t) can be broken up into

  x   x 
y  2  sin   96  t   sin   96  t  
  15   15 
Thus, the waves are of the same amplitude and frequency but travelling in opposite directions which,
therefore, superimpose to give a standing wave.
(i) At x = 5 cm, the standing wave equation gives
y = 4 sin(5/15) cos(96t)
= 4 sin /3 cos(96t) = 4  3/2 cos(96t)
 Maximum displacement = 23 cm.
(ii) The nodes are the points permanently at rest. Thus, they are those points for which sin(x/15) = 0.
i.e. x/15 = n, n = 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, …
or x = 0, 15, 30, 45 and 60 cm
5. 2. 65 cm ; 2.65 cm, 5 cm

6. 0.7 m
7. 20 units and 25 units
8. 200 m/s
9. 5cm
10. 0.10 s
11. 5
12. 1109 Nm2
13. 50Hz, 50 cm/sec.
14. (i) 144 cm, (ii) 54.9 Hz
15. 300 Hz
16. 28 cm
1 1 1 A
16. f1 : f2 : f3 :: : : B
1  2  3
1 : 2 : 3 : : 1 : 1/3 : 1/4
: : 12 : 4 : 3
4
2 =  133 = 28 cm
19

17. D
17. yR = y1 + y2 = 3A cos(t  kx) + A cos(3t  3kx)
3
 yR = 4A cos (t  kx)  AResultant = 4A

18. B
19. D
20. C
21. D
22. C
22. Energy of reflected wave is 1/4 of incident wave, means amplitude of reflected wave is half of the incident
wave. On superposition maximum amplitude = A + (A/2) = 3A/2
Minimum amplitude = A  (A/2) = A/2

23. A, B
24. C; D
25. D
26. A
27. B

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Extra
31 The equations of two displacement sound waves propagating in a medium are given by s1 = 2 sin (200t) and
s2 = 5 sin (150t). The ratio of intensities of sound produced is :
(A) 4 : 25 (B) 9 : 100 (C) 8 : 15 (D) 64 : 225

31. D

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