I. Vocabulary BUEF BCUEt apes bovas LET aves BLAEF te bwEs OUET (The ~) t (£L RI-Y tA7 7r-7 (154 7rIR 7-Foa yay WU hy FAR eaF-7F WoL DA (xe yey 7ve7e Ik$72 brn _ D)APVA Lesson 7 my est RY ES RLET BET AE Bois (Bi ~) + HLTA ay bE tet cut, slice send give receive lend borrow teach learn make [a telephone call] hand, arm chopsticks spoon knife fork scissors fax word processor personal computer punch stapler Scotch tape, clear adhesive tape eraser paper flower, blossom shirt present, gift baggage, parcel money ticket Christmasbs R (hit a BEITL 5 BPEL 6 a) zr caps [4 ts tta. ASD THLE. WBaL eV, v5e BAY CHa. RALLET. [~lt] Omast to. Wh ET. at (my) father (my) mother (someone else’s) father (someone else’s) mother already not yet from now on, soon What a nice [~]! Excuse me./Anybody home?/May I come in? (an expression used by a visitor) How nice of you to come. (lit. Welcome.) Do come in. Thank you./May I? (lit. I’m afraid I'll be disturbing you.) Won't you have [~]?/Would you like to have [~]? (used when offering something) Thank you./I accept. (said before starting to eat or drink) trip, tour (~* LE: travel, make a trip) souvenir, present EEE ER ER EEE gay ANAY Europe Spain 2Il. Translation Sentence Patterns 1. I write letters with a word processor. 2. I [will] give some flowers to Ms. Kimura. 3. Ireceived some chocolates from Ms. Karina. Example Sentences 1. Did you study Japanese through television? ++No, I studied it through radio. 2. Do you write reports in Japanese? *+*No. I write them in English. 3. What is “Good-bye” in Japanese? +t is “Sayonara.” 4. Who will you write Christmas cards to? -»-To my family and friends. 5. What is that? ++'Tt’s a pocket notebook. I received it from Mr. Yamada. 6. Have you bought your Shinkansen ticket? Yes, I have. 7. Have you finished lunch? ++*No, not yet. I am going to eat now. Conversation Hello Jose Santos: Hello. Yamada Ichiro: Hello. Please come in. Jose Santos: Thank you. Yamada Tomoko: How about a cup of coffee? Maria Santos: Thank you. Yamada Tomoko: Here you are. Maria Santos: Thank you. This spoon is nice, isn’t it? Yamada Tomoko: Yes, it is. Someone in my company gave it to me. It’s a souvenir of her trip to Europe.I. Reference Words & Information ie FAMILY [ brlO RR MY FAMILY 424 grandmother 4A grandfather ----------- ARS grandparents 4 mother 5 father aR Parents i * if R soe younger younger elder elder brothers & sisters sister ., brother @ sister brother % wife (& husband) husband & wife pre - ry BR erect cereeeteeeteeeeeeneeee BEG daughter son children wb * £0 RH Mr. (Ms) TANAKA’S FAMILY bILH XA grandmother ae BUSA grandfather BEX A mother BREL father - HK HSK BIS L BREL Sa younger younger elder elder brothers & sisters sister brother sister brother + RXL wife 7... TAM (£5 husbang) | PSL Mr. TANAKA husband & wife (Ms. TANAKA) XL BIL daughter childrenIV. Grammar Explanation 1. [N(tool/means)T _V_| The particle C indicates a method or a mean used for an action. D ltt &NEt. Teat with chopsticks. @ BRB VH-bE PSST. — Lwrite a report in Japanese. 2. “Word/Sentence” (i ~HT fITT PD This question is used to ask how to say a word or a sentence in other languages. ve @lHyaesz| ld RBC HTH. s+ [Thank you] TF. What's “& ') 48% 4” in English? + It’s “Thank you.” @ [Thank you] |f BRBC AHH. - [HYRCEI] THe What's “Thank you” in Japanese? celts BY Rez” 3. [N(person) [= HIT EF, etc. Verbs like HIFEF, LET, B LAE TF, etc., need persons to whom you give, lend, teach, etc. The persons are marked with I<. @® WBSAlL RASA HE HIPELK. Mr. Yamada gave flowers to Ms. Kimura. © {-XAI RE KLELK. Tlent my book to Ms. Lee. @ KBB RE RATT. I teach Taro English. [Note] With verbs like B< EF, TKHE HUET, etc., place nouns can be used instead of N(person). In this case, the particle ~ is sometimes used instead of I=. Suc BE HET. ~ T'll call my office.: 4 5 N(person) |= & 5.2 F, etc. Verbs like £ 5\‘E4, O EF and 4% 5\’EF express actions from the receiving side. The persons from whom you receive those actions are marked © ARs Alt Mexhic BE bouELK. Ms. Kimura received flowers from Mr. Yamada. @ AVFXAK CDE BVELK. I borrowed a cD from Ms. Karina. @ IVALi PeBe Bost, I learn Chinese from Mr. Wang. 44 is sometimes used instead of {< in this sentence pattern. When you receive something from an organization like a school or a company, only 45 is used. @ ARAL Bxhos HE BOOELKL Ms. Kimura received flowers from Mr. Yamada. @ Rte y BEE BVELK. I borrowed some money from the bank. é5 vVilé 4 7 means “already” and is used with V ¢ LA. In this case, VE LA means that the action has been finished. The answer to the question 69 VELA is ld. 67 VELA or Wor, EKTH. @b5 BME RYVELAD. Have you sent the parcel yet? slduy (69) RVELA. ++*Yes, I have [already sent it]. mA, EKTT. ++No, not yet. In giving a negative answer to this type of question, you should not use V#+tXCL#, as this simply means you did not do the specified task rather than you have not done it yet. 331. Vocabulary ryeh[e) anv [te] Lote) I¥op (te) mi ov[e] LAH2[K] (FL a] vs [te] SAY [8] stele) bbAY Bix btrb lw By ves CEs) bd. Hor sb MTN LTH LW Veli. hay PTW Bd BElL4aw Buby WEATLYY ROLY Law <4 boy bE ath vE Lesson 8 ole] #A% (te) R(t) TA] [4] eA [te] Kew aus HLL oY Rv Bu ae a Bh HELV BL Bw Re 4B iL RL ay Ry ApS we & nt handsome beautiful, clean quiet lively famous kind healthy, sound, cheerful free (time) convenient fine, nice, wonderful big, large small, little new old (not of age) good bad hot cold (referring to temperature) cold (referring to touch) difficult easy expensive, tall, high inexpensive low interesting delicious, tasty busy enjoyable white black red blue cherry (blossom) mountainas By ENED BAY {Bk cs eos a Ni? ‘x CLE 9 SF topo 2 (B] Loe (BIE CF Ch~ cn ett bE!) ELT At ~ BULETHO. BLATHD. 45TH aed BRO SANE LAD. [~.] 85 — OmsettH. WOAL Hol 5 THe bd ~tr[al. EAL RALEF. EK UVboaLPoT KES. town, city food car, vehicle place dormitory study life _. work, business (~€ LF: do one’s job, work) : how what kind of ~ which one (of three or more) very not so (used with negatives) and (used to connect sentences) ~, but ~ How are you? Well let me see. (pausing) Have you got used to the life in Japan? Won't you have another cup of [~]? No, thank you. It’s already ~[, isn’t it?]. It’s almost time to leave now. Please come again. REE EERE EERE VERE #4 ees raenn [EAD #1] ee: ae Mt. Fuji, the highest mountain in Japan Lake Biwa, the biggest lake in Japan Shanghai (434) “The Seven Samurai,” a classic movie by Akira Kurosawa Kinkakuji Temple (the Golden Pavilion)Il. Translation Sentence Patterns 1. Cherry blossoms are beautiful. 2. Mt. Fuji is high. 3. Cherry blossoms are beautiful flowers. 4. Mt. Fuji is a high mountain. Example Sentences 1. Is Osaka lively? «Yes, it is. 2. Is the water of Lake Biwa clean? ++'No, it is not so clean. 3. Is it cold in Beijing now? +*+Yes, it is very cold. Is it cold in Shanghai, too? ++ No, it is not so cold. 4, Is that dictionary good? "No, it is not so good. 5. How do you like the subway in Tokyo? ++It is clean. And it is convenient. 6. Isaw a movie yesterday. ++*What kind of movie was it? It was “The Seven Samurai.” It is old, but a very interesting movie. 7. Which is Mr. Miller’s umbrella? ++That blue one is. Conversation It’s almost time to leave Yamada Ichiro: Have you got accustomed to living in Japan, Maria? Maria Santos: Yes, I have. I enjoy it every day. Yamada Ichiro: Really? Mr. Santos, how is your work? Jose Santos: Well, it’s busy, but interesting. Yamada Tomoko: Would you like another cup of coffee? Maria Santos: No, thank you. Jose Santos: Oh, it’s eight o’clock now. We must be going. Yamada Ichiro: You must? Maria Santos: Thank you for everything today. Yamada Tomoko: Our pleasure. Please come again.Reference Words & Information Re &- COLOR &TASTE & Color noun i adjective noun i adjective & white | au HE yellow | EW HR black Rv 7, | hr 3% ted ! Feu Ev? pink | — F blue i He AVY orange | = WR green | = 7U- gry | = 3 purple | = N=Ya beige | = BR Taste ' . sg HY sweet FE. hot > bitter HEF salty BREIL. sour GR’ thick, strong FE 3 38. thin, weak er oe liege | H&K KA spring Summer Autumn-Winter There are four seasons in Japan, spring (March, April, May), summer (June, July, August), autumn (September, October, November), and winter (December, January, February). The average temperature varies from place to place, but the change patterns are almost the same (see the graph). The hottest month is August and the coldest, January or February. So Japanese people feel that “summer is hot,” “autumn is cool,” “winter is cold,” and “spring is warm.” ia S| @ NAA (OKINAWA) @ TOKYO @ ABASHIR! {HOKKAIDO} J J 4 | j bs | ‘ 5 f {IV. Grammar Explanation 1. Adjectives Adjectives are used as 1) predicates and 2) noun modifiers. They inflect and are divided into two groups, \‘-adjectives and *-adjectives, according to the inflection. 2. (NIL G-adj (2) TF Nit b’-adj(~) TF 1) TF at the end of an adjective sentence shows the speaker’s polite attitude toward the listener. An \ ‘-adjective with \ at the end comes before TT, whereas a 4!-adjective without [4] comes before TT. O7yhKE MCT. Mr. Watt is kind. ® Biwlt Bots. Mt. Fuji is high. CT is used when a sentence is non-past and affirmative. 2) tad (¥] Ce SYEtK The negative form of #-adj [47] TT is tr-adj [K] Cm HY ECA. (t-ad) [4] Tt BY FHL) @ HELL POLS HV EA. _ It’s not quiet there. (Td) 3) adj (~8) THF ~ (BOTH To make the negative form of an \‘- adjective, \ at the end of the \\-adjective is alteredto ¢ 44%. ® IM BL BELA MTF. This book is not interesting. The negative for) WTF is L 4 WW TH. 4) Questions using adjective sentences are made in the same way as those using noun or verb sentences. In answering a question, you repeat the adjective used in the question. 3 TF or 3 UY H!) E+tA cannot be used. ® RFE ROTH. Is it cold in Beijing? HL, RTT. Yes, it is. © HBMO Kit ¥HOTHH. —_ Is the water of Lake Biwa clean? UR, FHOUR BY ELL NO, it isn't 3. [%-adjt N U-adj (~*') N An adjective is put before a noun to modify it. A %-adjective needs # before a noun, , O Ty bee RI HATH. Mr. Wattis a kind teacher. Biuit Bo Wet. Mt. Fuji is a high mountain.4. ETH/HEW © T& and 4 & ') are adverbs of degree. Both come before the adjectives they are modifying. © T & is used in affirmative sentences, and means “very.” 4 # !) is used in negative sentences. 4 ¢ ') and a negative form mean “not very.” OrFvid CTH ROCH. Beijing is very cold. @ Cnt CCE HBL RBH. This is a very famous movie. Dry alt FEY RC GOTH, Shanghai is not very cold. @ XC oR#It HE) HBe KEES HVECL. Sakura University is not a very famous university. 5. (Nd C5tTH This question is used to ask an impression or an opinion about a thing, place or person, etc., that the listener has experienced, visited or met. ®@ BRO Blt CITT#. — Howis the life in Japan? Lutt. --It’s enjoyable. Noli CLG Ne CHA When the speaker wants the listener to describe or explain N,, this question pattern is used. N> denotes the category N. belongs to. The interrogative CA is always followed by a noun. @ Rit CA ae th. What kind of town is Nara? BU TH. “It’s an old town. a a conjunctive particle, meaning “but.” It is used to link sentences. B BRO ENMIL BULUTH AL BOTH. Japanese food is good, but expensive. 8. Eh This interrogative is used to ask the listener to choose or designate one from more than two things concretely shown or named. @: LF-ELO Rid ERTT HY Which is Mr. Miller’s umbrella? “bO HO BH. ~-That blue one is.|. Vocabulary boy's HVEFT +e[e) sbv[t] CsiF le] Ate] Yeh DALD RR Y Pe oF TUR BAAS jh DIVI7I Yr ayvt—Fk AIAT DSS a U DAL Vbate Dt DS o- 7 Lim bon Ft7ytb Uz £de ~iet Lesson 9 #7 % [4] Te) £F[%] FFle)] aE KAM SER BR Lia FAR a understand have like dislike good at poor at dish (cooked food), cooking drinks sport (~ & L £4: play sports) baseball (~ & L £4: play baseball) dance (~ © LF: dance) music song classical music jazz concert karaoke Kabuki (traditional Japanese musical drama) picture, drawing letter, character Chinese characters Hiragana script Katakana script the Roman alphabet small change ticket time something to do, errand appointment, promiseTlLelsa TEA (someone else’s) husband Bot /lotséA R/EA (my) husband BIL RIL (someone else’s) wife DESO E/RA (my) wife ove FCS child t< well, much KA mostly, roughly KKXK many, much FOL Pe alittle, a few HELL aR not at all (used with negatives) Le ¢ BC RK early, quickly, fast ~thb because ~ _ why SANATH(H), BSTF [ha]. I'm sorry (to hear that) /That’s a pity. thEtL, Iam sorry. ABD st Ble hello (used on the phone) bh oh Volek Opstta. Won't you join me (us)? [~lt] B45 tere, [~] is a bit difficult. (an euphemism used when declining an invitation) Ke Cth. - So you cannot (come)? th SH BMOLET. Please ask me again some other time. (used when refusing an invitation indirectly, considering someone’s feelings) REE REE EE INR GE famous Japanese conductor (1935 — )a Il. Translation Sentence Patterns 1. 2. 3. I like Italian cuisine. Tunderstand Japanese a little. Today is my child’s birthday, so I will go home early. Example Sentences 1. Do you like alcohol? ++*No, I don’t. What kind of sports do you like? +L like soccer. Is Ms. Karina good at drawing pictures? ++*Yes, she is very good at it. Do you understand Indonesian, Mr. Tanaka? ++‘No, I do not understand it at all. Do you have any small change? ++*No, I don’t. Do you read newspapers every morning? ++*No, as I don’t have the time, I don’t. Why did you go home early yesterday? ++-Because I had something to do. Conversation That’s too bad Miller: Hello. This is Miller. Kimura: It’s you, Mr. Miller. Good evening. How are you? Miller: Fine. Thank you. Well, Ms. Kimura. How would you like to go to a concert by Seiji Ozawa? Kimura: That sounds nice. When will it be? Miller: It’s on Friday night of next week. Kimura: Friday? Friday’s a bit difficult. Miller: So you can’t come? Kimura: Ihave arranged to meet a friend on Friday night. Miller: You have. I’m sorry to hear that. Kimura: Lam, too. Please invite me again some other time.Ill. Reference Words & Information Re AR-Y + Bab MUSIC, SPORTS & MOVIES BR Music horror film animated film k+2£79')— documentary film classical music ee romantic film folk music RAF — mystery film traditional Japanese movie based on a popular songs classic work musical RF war film opera Ya” action film comedy film softball baseball ty A soccer BR/ EY RY ping-pong STE rugby football Fae sumo LSL— RIL volleyball Ee judo VSR y kiR—IL basketball Rit Japanese fencing Faz tennis Ri swimming KY ye bowling skiing skatingIV. Grammar Explanation 1. [N : NAS TH MOTH LS CH SF FECT The object of a transitive verb is marked with #. However, objects of the verbs 4) EF and po!) £F are marked with 4°. Such adjectives as FS TH, FHWTH, CLIFTH and NATH require objects, and these are marked with #¥, too. The verbs and adjectives whose objects are marked with 4° are those kinds that describe preference, ability, possession and the like. ®D bELIL 19) THIRA HS TH. like Italian food @ bkLit BRE DHYET. I understand Japanese. @ br Lit #4 HYVET. Thave a car. 2. EAE N Other than the usage you learned in Lesson 8, & A % is also used to ask the listener to name one from a group which the noun after & {4 denotes. @ Ch AK-YH HETIO. What sports do you like? tty AB HE TT 6 +-T like football. 3. EK EUR / RS BA DL /BEW ER These adverbs are put before verbs when they modify them. The following is a summary of their usage. degree adverb + affirmative adverb + negative high t¢ DEV EF EOE DOU EF low Fol bevaet bE) boyetyr HLA boy etr amount adverb + affirmative adverb + negative large KKK HV EF small Fol bier bE) HYVEtK HLL bY ECA@ Re bd poNET. I understand English very well. © ies DU bevyet. Tunderstand English a little. @ Baba HE") ba) EtL. don’t understand English so well. Oe Ihave a lot of money. © BE SR HVELL, I don’t have any money. Note] #5 Land 4#4-A can also modify adjectives. @ 2cIk x LROtt. It’s a little cold here. O 5D RHlt SR BLLAC HLTH. That movie is not interesting at all. »[Simb. Se 4» b connects two sentences together to denote a causal relationship. S. is the reason for S2. @ ee HVEHL OD, HME RadtL. Because I don’t have time, I don’t read the newspaper. You can also state S> first and add the reason after it. ® a iB ©, METH. A, BaEHL. BO HY ELD. Do you read a newspaper every morning? -**No, I don’t. Because I have no time. ELT The interrogative & 3 L T is used to ask a reason. The answer needs 4° i> at the end. @CjLT HHME HAeeLD. mM BUELL AD. Why don’t you read a newspaper in the morning? --Because I don’t have time. The question & 4 LC TF % is also used to ask the reason for what the other person has said. @ ee5lt BC Myat. I'll go home early today. HEFULTEPM, Why? FUb0 REATIOD. Because today’s my child’s birthday. =