Scribd
Upload
157 views3 pages

Undamped Free Vibration of Single Dof Systems: Dr.B.Santhosh Department of Mechanical Engineering

Undamped free vibration of single degree of freedom systems is considered. The equation of motion is a second order linear homogeneous differential equation with constant coefficients. Its solution is simple harmonic motion with frequency equal to the natural frequency of the system. Some example problems are given to determine natural frequencies and response of basic spring-mass systems undergoing undamped free vibration.

Uploaded by

SREENATH S.S
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
157 views3 pages

Undamped Free Vibration of Single Dof Systems: Dr.B.Santhosh Department of Mechanical Engineering

Undamped free vibration of single degree of freedom systems is considered. The equation of motion is a second order linear homogeneous differential equation with constant coefficients. Its solution is simple harmonic motion with frequency equal to the natural frequency of the system. Some example problems are given to determine natural frequencies and response of basic spring-mass systems undergoing undamped free vibration.

Uploaded by

SREENATH S.S
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 3

Undamped free vibration of single dof systems

Dr.B.Santhosh
Department of Mechanical Engineering

1 Introduction
In this section, the undamped free vibration of a sdf system is considered. The model of the system is shown
in Fig.1.

Figure 1: Model of an undamped sdf system

The equation of motion for the system is given by

mẍ + kx = 0 (1)
ẍ + ωn2 x = 0 (2)
q
k
where ωn = m is the natural frequency of the system which is an inherent property of the system. Equation
(1) or (2) is a second order linear homogeneous ODE with constant coefficients. To solve this equation, two
initial conditions are required, which are defined as x(t = 0) = x0 and ẋ(t = 0) = v0 .They are the initial
displacement and initial velocity. The equation of motion need to be solved to get the response x(t).

x(t) = A cos(ωn t − φ) (3)

where A is the amplitude and φ is the phase difference which need to be obtained using the initial conditions
s  2
2 v0
A = x0 + (4)
ωn
 
v0
φ = tan−1 (5)
ωn x0

From Eq.(3), it is clear that the undamped free vibration of sdf system is a simple harmonic motion (SHM)
with frequency equal to the natural frequency of the system. The motion is also known as a sustained
harmonic oscillation. The variation of displacement and velocity for the free vibration of sdf system is shown
in Fig.

1
0.2
T
0.15
displacement
0.1
velocity
0.05

-0.05

-0.1

-0.15

-0.2
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Figure 2: Undamped free vibration response

1.1 Examples
1. A 0.25 kg mass is suspended by a spring having stiffness 0.1533 N/mm. Determine its natural frequency
in cycles per second (Hz). Determine the static deflection.
3
q × 10 N/m
Given m = 0.25 kg, k = 0.1533
1 k
Natural frequency fn = 2π m = 3.941 Hz (Ans.)
Static deflection is obtained from mg = k∆
∆ = mgk = 16 mm (Ans.)

1.2 Problems
1. A 0.453kg mass attached to a light spring elongates it 7.87 mm. Determine the naturl frequency of the
system.
2. A spring mass system k1 , m has a natural frequency of f1 . If a second spring is added in series with
the first spring, the natural frequency is lowered by 0.5f1 . Determine k2 in terms of k1 .
3. A 4.53kg mass attached to the lower end of a spring whose upper end is fixed vibrates with a natural
period of 0.45s. Determine the natural period when a 2.26kg mass is attached to the midpoint of the
same spring with the upper and lower ends fixed.
4. The ratio k/m of a spring mass system is given as 4. If the mass is deflected 2 cm down, measured
from its equilibrium position, and given an upward velocity of 8 cm/s, determine its amplitude and
maximum acceleration.

5. A connecting rod weighing 21.35 N oscillates 53 times in 1 min when suspended as shown in figure (a).
Determine its moment of inertia about its center of gravity, which is located 0.254 m from the point of
support.
6. Consider an undamped sdf system with m = 1kg and k = 10N/m. The system is given an initial
condition x(0) = 0.01m and ẋ(0) = 0.1m/s. Determine the motion of the system.

7. Derive the equation of motion for the system shown in Fig.(b) using energy method. Write down the
expression for the natural frequency.

2
(a) (b)

You might also like