GSM Dynamic Power Sharing2
GSM Dynamic Power Sharing2
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Contents
1 Introduction ................................................................................................................................ 1-1
1.1 Scope ................................................................................................................................. 1-1
1.2 Int ended Audience ............................................................................................................... 1-1
1.3 Change History.................................................................................................................... 1-1
1 Introduction
1.1 Scope
This document describes the Dynamic Power Sharing feature of Huawei GBSS (corresponding to
feature GBFD-118106 GSM Dynamic Power Sharing). This feature includes initial channel allocation,
handover triggered by insufficient downlink power, handover preventing high-level uplink signals from
overwhelming low-level uplink signals, and peak clipping on activated channels.
Document Issues
The document issues are as follows:
01 (2011-03-31)
Draft A (2011-01-15)
01 (2011-03-31)
This is the first release of GBSS13.0.
Compared with issue Draft A (2011-01-15) of GBSS13.0, issue 01 (2011-03-31) of GBSS13.0 has no
change.
Draft A (2011-01-15)
This is the draft release of GBSS13.0.
This is a new document.
2 Overview
Dynamic Power Sharing maximizes cell coverage to meet the different power requirements of users
distributed in different areas of a cell.
The downlink power required by an MS for accessing a wireless network varies according to the
distance between the antenna and the MS. To adapt to dynamic changes in the distances from the
antenna to MSs in a wireless cell, power sharing among carriers of a timeslot enables some of the
carriers to have higher power than the average static power, and therefore increases wireless coverage
without increasing the power of the power amplifier. Dynamic Power Sharing is performed to allocate
timeslots to calls. The power of each timeslot is shared by carriers in a timeslot. By doing this, signals
that are transmitted to the MSs far away from the antenna have sufficient power and carriers can obtain
relatively higher power than average available power. For details about the rules for allocating timeslots,
see chapter 3 Technical Description.
Figure 2-1 Power sharing principle
NOTE
You are advised to go through the Channel Management Feature Parameter Description, Handover Feature Parameter
Description, and Power Control Feature Parameter Description before reading this document.
3 Technical Description
Dynamic Power Sharing is activated when QTRUPWRSHARE is set to DYNAMIC. Figure 3-1 shows the
process of Dynamic Power Sharing.
(Power required by the newly initiated call + Power required by all set up calls in the timeslot ) >
(Maximum output power of the power amplifier + TSPWRRESERVE)
When CHPWRINSUFFALLOWED is set to YES, an idle channel in a timeslot with insufficient
remaining power is allocated to a newly initiated call.
2. The BSC determines the priorities of idle channels based on the power required by the call and the
remaining power on the timeslots occupied by the idle channels. Then, it allocates an idle channel
with the highest priority to a newly initiated call.
When MCPAOPTALG is set to OFF, the BSC determines the priorities of idle channels based on the
remaining power of its timeslot.
When MCPAOPTALG is set to ON, the BSC determines the priorities of idle channels based on the
number of idle channels in the timeslot and the remaining power of the timeslot.
− When there is only one idle channel in a timeslot, the priority of the idle channel is negatively related
to the absolute value of the difference between the remaining power of the timeslot and the power
required by the newly initiated call.
− When there is more than one idle channel in a timeslot, the priorities of the idle channels are
positively related to the remaining power of the timeslot.
When QTRUCHANMANGSWITCH is set to YES, the BSC measures the difference between uplink
signal levels every 0.5 second. If the highest uplink signal level of a timeslot is 90 dB higher than the
uplink signal level reported by the current channel, the situation is recorded. If this situation lasts for a
duration specified by UPRXLEVLASTTIME in the time specified by UPRXLEVSTATICTIME,
higher-level calls are handed over to another timeslot.
Dynamic Power Sharing reduces the impact of peak clipping on call quality by properly allocating
channels.
When the total downlink power required by all activated channels in a timeslot exceed s the total power of
a power amplifier, peak clipping is required for activated channels to avoid damage to RF devices. With
peak clipping, some power of the activated channels is allocated to new calls. This ensures successful
access of new calls and prevents overload of a timeslot (or instantaneous overload is allowed) while
limiting the decrease in network quality.
4 Engineering Guidelines
4.1 Major Factors Affecting Dynamic Power Sharing
In a network with multiple carriers, the performance of the Dynamic Power Sharing feature is associated
with the following factors:
Traffic distribution
Traffic must be evenly distributed among timeslots.
Traffic over each channel
The gain obtained by Dynamic Power Sharing is negatively related to the traffic over each channel.
Distance between sites
The gain obtained by Dynamic Power Sharing is negatively related to the distance between sites.
Frequency reuse mode
The gain brought by Dynamic Power Sharing is negatively related to the mode of frequency reuse.
Percentage of SDCCHs and PDCHs
The number of SDCCHs and PDCHs configured for a cell must be less than 30% of the total number
of channels of the cell. It is recommended that static PDCHs be configured on BCCH carriers.
Power control algorithm and discontinuous transmission (DTX)
If power control parameters are not set properly, there will be a high percentage of high signal levels.
When this occurs, network quality will not be improved even when Dynamic Power Sharing is enabled
and the number of peak clipping attempts is minimized. Therefore, before enabling Dynamic Power
Sharing, set downlink power control parameters to appropriate values and enable the DTX function.
Dynamic Power Sharing gain coefficient
The Dynamic Power Sharing gain coefficient is the quotient resulting from division of dynamic power
by static power. The power sharing gain coefficient indicates the gain obtained by dynamically sharing
power. For example, the static power of the antenna port on top of the base station using four-carrier
GRFUs is 20 W. After QTRUPWRSHARE is set to Dynamic, the dynamic power reaches 27 W. In this
example, a 7 W gain is obtained.
2 to 3 < 0.57
2 to 3 < 0.57
Step 1 Obtain the principle for frequency planning and calculate the total number of available
frequencies.
BCCHs usually adopt frequency reuse at a low degree, while TCHs usually adopt frequency
reuse at a high degree. Therefore, only TCHs need to be counted, which means that the number
of frequencies on the BCCHs should be deducted from the total number of available frequencies.
Step 2 Calculate the number of TRXs in each cell based on the network engineering parameters , and
obtain the number of BCCH frequencies, which is to be deducted from the total number of
available frequencies.
The following formula is used to calculate FR LOAD for a cell: FR LOAD = (TRXs -1)/(Number of
available TCH frequencies/3)
For example:
In a network that uses baseband frequency hopping and 94 frequencies of P-GSM 19 MHz, the BCCH
adopts the 6x3 frequency reuse mode with two protective frequencies. No frequency is reserved for
indoor coverage.
In this network, a cell uses seven TRXs. Therefore, FR LOAD of the cell is (7 – 1)/{[94 – (6 x 3 + 2)/3]} =
24.3%.
x y / 1000
2 2
Distance
Then, the distance between the sites is:
Where, R = 6.371229 x 1000000 (radius of the globe) and Π = 3.14159265.
This formula is used to calculate the traffic of each channel of a Huawei GSM cell. The TCH traffic and
number of available TCHs in the formula can be extracted from BSC traffic statistics. Other formulas
should be used if you want to calculate the traffic of each channel for cells of other vendors.
Assignment CELL.TCH.ALLOC.FAIL.TIMES.PWR.OVERLO
and Number of TCH Allocation Failures
(Power Deficit) AD
accessibility
After Dynamic Power Sharing is activated, take note of major KPIs such as call drop rate, handover
success rate, assignment success rate, and congestion rate.
Assignment and accessibility: If the congestion rate increases after Dynamic Power Sharing is
enabled, check the counters Number of Times Power OverLoad and Number of TCH Allocation
Failures (Power Deficit). If the two counters are excessively large, the increase in the congestion rate
is caused by the increase in assignment failures due to power insufficiency. In this case, set
CHPWRINSUFFALLOWED to YES.
Peak clipping: If Number of MRs on Downlink TCH (Mean Receive Quality Rank 6) and Number of
MRs on Downlink TCH (Mean Receive Quality Rank 7) increase notably after Dynamic Power
Sharing, check the number of peak clipping times. The actual number of peak clipping times equals
the number of timeslots for which peak clipping of 0.5/1.0/1.5/2.0/2.5/3.0 dB or a higher degree is
performed. The number of peak clipping times is a true indication of the actual power sharing effect. If
the number of peak clipping times increases, check whether channel configuration and power control
parameters have been adjusted, and continue to observe handover counters related to power
insufficiency.
Handovers caused by power insufficiency: This type of handover involves the number of handovers
due to power insufficiency and the success rate of such handovers. If excessive handovers due to
power insufficiency are performed and the handover success rate is low, the overall handover success
rate may decrease. In this case, decrease the value of OUTHOPWROVERLOADT HRESHOLD and
increase the value of INHOPWROVERLOADTHRESHOLD. If few handovers are performed due to
power insufficiency, peak clipping may be triggered for too many times. In this case, increase the value
of OUTHOPWROVERLOADT HRESHOLD and decrease the value of
INHOPWROVERLOADT HRESHOLD.
5 Parameters
Table 5-1 Parameter description
Parameter ID NE MML Command Description
OUT HOPWROV BSC6900 SET GTRXDEV(Optional) Meaning: Power overload threshold for
ERLOADTHRE triggering outgoing handover from the
SHOLD TRX under the prerequisite that the
power amplifier of the TRX provides the
maximum output power. If the power
overload exceeds this threshold, the TRX
triggers outgoing handover for lack of
power.
GUI Value Range: 0~50
Actual Value Range: 0~50
Default Value: 15
QTRUCHANMA BSC6900 SET GCELLSOFT(Optional) Meaning: This parameter is used to avoid
NGSWITCH allocating the calls whose signal
strengths differ greatly to the same
timeslot.
The BSC measures the signal merge
conditions on each timeslot every 0.5
seconds. If the difference between the
highest signal strength and the lowest
signal strength on a timeslot is greater
than the value of "UL Signal Strength
Difference Threshold", it regards it as a
signal merge event.
If N signal merge events are
consecutively detected among P times of
measurements, the forcible intra-cell
handover is triggered to switch the call
with the highest signal strength to
6 Counters
There are no specific counters associated with this feature.
7 Glossary
For the acronyms, abbreviations, terms, and definitions, see the Glossary.
8 Reference Documents
There are no specific reference documents associated with this feature.