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ICSE X SUBJECT : PHYSICS

Sound, Calorimetry, Radioactivity (Board papers)
Assignment Sheet
STEP UP ANSWERSHEET

50 (i) As the bucket is filled, the sound becomes shriller due to decrease
in length of air column and increase in frequency.
(ii) The change in sound takes place due to change in frequency of
sound due to decrease in the length of the air column. [ICSE 2013]

51. Heat capacity : Heat capacity of the body is the amount of heat energy
required to raise the temperature by 1°C or 1 K. The S.I. unit of heat
capacity is joule per kelvin (or JK–1). [ICSE 2013]

*52.

53. (i)  -radiations.

(ii)  and  are deflected by an electric field [ICSE 2013]

54. SONAR is based on the principle of reflection of sound i.e., echo. [ICSE 2013]

55 (i) Resonance.
(ii) The frequency of the tuning fork and the natural frequency of the
vibrating air column become equal. The air column vibrates with
large amplitude thus producing a loud sound. [ICSE 2013]

56. (1) Amplitude : Maximum displacement of the vibrating particle on

either side of the mean position is called amplitude.
(2) Frequency : Number of oscillations completed by the wave in one
second is called frequency. [ICSE 2013]

57. When the strings vibrate the air column inside the box is set into forced
vibrations. Since the sound box has a large area, it sets a large volume
of air into vibration of the same frequency as that of the string, thereby
producing resonance. [ICSE 2013]

58. Temperature of the surroundings starts falling when the ice starts melting
because every 1 gm of ice requires 336 J to convert it into water at 0°C
so extracts a great amount of heat from the atmosphere. [ICSE 2013]

 mcT
59. Heat capacity = = = mc
T T
i.e., Heat capacity = mass × specific heat capacity [ICSE 2013]

60. Bottles of soft drink cools faster when surrounded by ice cubes because
every 1 gm of ice on melting requires 336 J. So, it extracts a large
amount of heat from the bottle hence, they cool faster. [ICSE 2013]
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60. (i) Radioactivity : Process of spontaneous emission of ,  and  radiations
from the nuclei of atoms during their decay.
(ii) After disintegration the radioactive material finally converts into
lead and still it holds some radioactivity. This is called nuclear
waste.
(iii) Delay and decay method is the effective way for the safe disposal of
nuclear waste. [ICSE 2013]
*61.
*62.
*63.
*64.

65. (i) Mechanical waves are waves which requires medium for their
propagation i.e., cannot travel in vacuum. E.g. sound waves
(ii) Property of wave that does not change when it passes from one
medium to another is frequency. [ICSE 2014]

66. (i) Vibration R as its amplitude is high.

(ii) Sound of string ‘P’ will have maximum shrillness as its frequency is
maximum.
(iii) Let the frequency of the principal note in vibration R is f.
The frequency of vibration P is 3 f.
 f R = f and f P = 3f
 fR : fp = 1 : 3
1
But f 

P fR 1
= =
R fP 3
 PR = 1 : 3 [ICSE 2014]

67. (i) An important property of such type of a waves is that they travel
undeviated through long distances.
2d
(ii) Speed, v = [ICSE 2014]
t

68. Specific heat capacity of A is 3.8 J/g/K.

Specific heat capacity of B is 0.4 J/g/K.
(i) ‘B’ is a good conductor of heat.
(ii) The specific heat capacity of B is lower than A. This means that less
heat is required to raise the temperature of lg of B by 1K than the
heat required for A.
(iii) ‘A’ will be preferred as it absorbs large amount of heat energy without
raising its own temperature much as its specific heat capacity is
high. [ICSE 2014]

*69.
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70. (i)

(ii) A body can execute free vibrations in vaccum because the presence of
any medium offers some resistance as a result the amplitude of vibrations
does not remain constant. [ICSE 2015]

71. Water boils at higher temperature because of the increase in pressure

or impurity. More the impurity or pressure, more will be the boiling point.
[ICSE 2015]

72. (i) The safe limit of sound level for human hearing is in the range of 0 to 80
dB.
(ii) The characteristic of sound in relation to its waveform is quality or timbre.
[ICSE 2015]

*73. (i)
(ii) High specific heat capacity of water makes it an effective coolant.
[ICSE 2015]

74. (i) This is because of high specific latent heat of fusion of ice (equal to
336000 J/Kg). So to freeze water a large quantity of heat has to be taken
out from water to freeze it.
(ii) The principle of calorimetry states that heat energy lost by a hot body is
equal to the heat energy gained by the cold body, provided no heat is lost
to surrounding.
(iii) It is based on the law of conservation of energy.
(iv) The melting point of ice decreases with the increase in impurities in it.
[ICSE 2015]

75. (i) The heat energy required to raise the temperature of the body by
1 K is 60 J.
(ii) The heat energy required to raise the temperature of 1 kg of lead by
1 K is 130 J. [ICSE 2016]

76. Heat absorbed by a body depends on (1) the mass of the body, and (2) the
rise in temperature of the body. [ICSE 2016]

77. Given : al : a2 = 3 : 4
(i) Loudness a2  ratio of loudness = (a1 / a2)2 = (3/4)2 = 9 : 16
(ii) The frequency does not depend on amplitude.
Ratio of frequencies = 1 : 1 [ICSE 2016]

78. The frequency of transverse vibrations of a stretched string can be

increased :
(i) by increasing the tension on the string.
(ii) by decreasing the length of the string. [ICSE 2016]
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79. The undesirable, loud and harsh sound of level above 120 dB which causes
headache is called noise pollution.
Source : siren. [ICSE 2016]
*80. (i) The work function must be low.
(ii) The melting point must be high. [ICSE 2016]
81. There will be no change in the nature of radioactivity of the substance.
Reason : Radioactivity is a nuclear phenomenon. [ICSE 2016]
82. (i) When two bodies at different temperatures are mixed together, heat
flows from the body at high temperature to the body at low temperature
till both attain the same temperature. The amount of heat lost by
the hot body is equal to the amount of heat gained by the cold body
(if there is no loss of heat).
(ii) Principle of calorimetry.
(iii) The law of conservation of energy. [ICSE 2016]

83. (i) Ultrasonic waves.

(ii) The ultrasonic waves can travel undeviated through a long distance.
(iii) Their frequency is above 20,000 Hz (i.e., above the audible limit), so
they are not audible. [ICSE 2016]
84. (i) An echo is the sound heared after reflection from a distant object
when the original sound has ceased.
(ii) (a) The distance of reflector from the source of sound must be more
than 17 m in air so that it takes a time more than 0.1 s for echo to
reach the source.
(b) The reflector must be big in size. [ICSE 2016]
85. (i) Resonance.
(ii) The phenomena when a body vibrates with a very large amplitude,
under a periodic force of frequency exactly equal to the natural
frequency of vibrations of the body, is called resonance.
(iii) The loudness is that characteristic of sound which distinguishes a
loud sound from a faint sound of same pitch and same quality.
(iv) Unit of loudness isphon. [ICSE 2016]
86. (i) Penetrating power —  <  < 
(ii) Ionising power —  < < 
(iii) Biological effect —  <  <  [ICSE 2016]
*87. (i) The function of anode is to accelerate and focus the cathode rays.
(ii) In a cathode ray tube, the electrical energy changes into the light
energy.
(iii) Use : In T.V. as a picture tube. [ICSE 2016]
88. (i) Due to emission of a -particle, atomic number increases by 1, but
mass number is unchanged AZ X  A
 Z+1Y + -10 
(ii) The elements with same mass number but different atomic number
are called isobars.
(iii) The nucleus of an atom tends to be radioactive when the number of
neutrons inside it exceeds the number of protons. [ICSE 2016]

89. Heat capacity of a body is the amount of heat energy required to raise
its temperature by 1 K. Its S.I. unit is JK –1 (joule per Kelvin). [ICSE 2017]
 ... 5 ...

90. By making base of a cooking pan thick, its heat capacity becomes large
so it gets heated slowly and the food contents on it get sufficient heat
for cooking. [ICSE 2017]

91. To prevent heat transference by radiation, the walls of calorimeter are

polished and made smooth from inside as well as outside.
[ICSE 2017]

92. The two factors are (1) material of the body and (2) temperature of the
body. [ICSE 2017]

93. (i) Cathode rays (or electrons).

(ii) 6 volt.
(iii) The beam will deflect towards the positive plate. [ICSE 2017]

94. (i) Work function of the metal.

(ii) The temperature of the metal surface.
(iii) The surface area of the metal. [ICSE 2017]

95. (i) The loosely bound outer most electrons of atoms in a metal which
leave their atoms and become free to move inside the metal, are
called free electrons.
(ii) The free electrons can move in a random manner inside the metal
but they do not have sufficient kinetic energy to leave the metal
surface.
(iii) The free electrons can be made to leave the metal surface by
imparting energy from outside either.
(1) by heating in thermionic emission, or
(2) by making the ultraviolet radiations incident on it in photoelectric
effect. [ICSE 2017]

Note : * marked questions are not applicable as per new syllabus.

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