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Conjunctions and Transitions

Here are the responses to Exercise 2: 1. Cause: I didn’t study last night Effect: I did poorly on the test Sentence: I did poorly on the test because I didn’t study last night. 2. Cause: Daniel often comes late to school Effect: He misses the morning lessons Sentence: Daniel often misses the morning lessons because he comes late to school. 3. Cause: I don’t have much money Effect: I can't go out with friends this weekend Sentence: I can't go out with friends this weekend since I don’t have much money. 4. Cause: It rained heavily yesterday Effect: The field is

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129 views

Conjunctions and Transitions

Here are the responses to Exercise 2: 1. Cause: I didn’t study last night Effect: I did poorly on the test Sentence: I did poorly on the test because I didn’t study last night. 2. Cause: Daniel often comes late to school Effect: He misses the morning lessons Sentence: Daniel often misses the morning lessons because he comes late to school. 3. Cause: I don’t have much money Effect: I can't go out with friends this weekend Sentence: I can't go out with friends this weekend since I don’t have much money. 4. Cause: It rained heavily yesterday Effect: The field is

Uploaded by

Nova Nova Khaerunisya
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Conjunctions and Transitions are used to connect ideas, paragraphs and sentences.

Without these forms, fluent writing and speech would be much more difficult. Transitions and
conjunctions are used in different ways.

CONJUNCTION
 The punctuation before a conjunction is always a comma,
 Conjunctions have only one possible position--exactly between the two independent
clauses.

Example:
She hadn't given us any lunch, so we stopped at the first place we found
You can't put the so in any other location. For example, you can't say:
*She hadn't given us any lunch, we so stopped at the first place we found

TRANSITION
 The second of the two independent clauses is always preceded by either a period (full
stop) or, more commonly, by a semicolon [;].
 Transitions may occupy more than one position in the second independent clause. They
can occur

1) at the beginning of the second independent clause:

She hadn't given us any lunch. Therefore, we stopped at the first place we found.

She hadn't given us any lunch; therefore, we stopped at the first place we found.

(NB: Contoh transisi yang ditebali diatas adalah letak transisi yang paling sering
digunakan untuk penulisan formal.

2) between the subject and the main verb of the second clause:

She hadn't given us any lunch; we therefore stopped at the first place we found. (no
commas)

3) after the subject and main verb of the second clause:

She hadn't given us any lunch; we stopped, therefore, at the first place we found.
(commas obligatory)

4) at the end of the second clause:

She hadn't given us any lunch; we stopped at the first place we found, therefore.
Cause and Effect

Cause (sebab) menunjukkan alasan atau motif untuk suatu tindakan, mengapa sesuatu
terjadi

Effect (akibat) menunjukkan hasil atau kesimpulan dari suatu tindakan, apa yang terjadi dan
terjadi karena suatu sebab.

Contoh:

Sinta selalu rajin belajar jadi setiap semester dia mendapat peringkat pertama
Sebab: Sinta selalu rajin belajar
Akibat: jadi setiap semester dia mendapat peringkat pertama

Bu Marina tidak membelikan anaknya mobil karena anaknya belum mempunyai SIM
Sebab: karena anaknya belum mempunyai SIM
Akibat: Bu Marina tidak membelikan anaknya mobil

EXERCISE 1

Read the following sentences. Find the cause and effect.


1. Because of the cold weather, we stayed home.
Cause:
Effect:
2. Because the lights don’t work, you’ll need a flashlight when you go down into the
basement.
Cause:
Effect:
3. He got an accident yesterday because he drove his car too fast.
Cause:
Effect:
4. We forgot to set the alarm last night, so we all woke up late this morning. 
Cause:
Effect:
5. Since we run out of eggs, I have to go to the store.
Cause:
Effect:
6. The road will be closed today due to an annual festival.
Cause:
Effect:
7. The moon has a gravitational pull; therefore, there are ocean tides. 
Cause:
Effect:
8. Cake and candy are high in sugar; as a result, they are bad for your teeth.
Cause:
Effect:
9. Swimming is good for the lungs; that is why asthmatic people are advised to do it
regularly.
Cause:
Effect:
10.There is no life in Venus due to the fact that there is no atmosphere. 
Cause:
Effect:

EXERCISE 2

Read the cause, write the effect, then write the complete sentence using proper signal
words.

1. Cause: I didn’t study last night


Effect:
Sentence:

2. Cause: Daniel often comes late to school


Effect:
Sentence:

3. Cause: I don’t have much money


Effect:
Sentence:

4. Cause: It rained heavily yesterday


Effect:
Sentence:

5. Cause: My sister ate too much


Effect:
Sentence:

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