Republic of the Philippines

DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
Region I
Schools Division Office I Pangasinan
Pangasinan National High School
Lingayen, Pangasinan

HOPE - 3
GRADE 12
ENERGY SYSTEM
Quarter 1 Week 1 Module 1

Most Essential Learning Competency:

1. Explains how to optimize the energy system for safe and

improve performance
2. Explains the role of physical activity ion managing one’s stress
3. Sets FITT goals based on training principles to achieve and/or
maintain HRF.
4. Self-Assesses Health-Related Fitness (HRF) status, barriers to
physical activity assessment participation and one’s diet.

Lesson 1: Energy System

What I Need to Know:

Learning Objectives
This module will help you to:
1. Know the meaning of Energy System
2. Identify the different kinds of Energy Systems
3. Discuss the importance of Energy System in dance
4. Perform a dance where energy systems can be used.
What’s New:
Energy Systems in the Body
The energy system of our body works in different ways in which it generates fuel and
uses it as an energy to perform a certain task. We all know that in able for our body to work,
all we must do is to eat. The food that we eat gives as the energy to do work and to
accomplish something. These food serves as the fuel of our body. A certain energy system
of our body becomes predominant depending on the intensity, duration, and type of
exercises we perform.

Energy systems in our body includes the ATP-CP System, Glycolysis, and Oxidative. In
the previous grade level, these energy systems were discussed in the concept of exercise
and sports. In this module, you will learn how energy systems functions in the concept of
dance.

What is It:
Energy Systems in the Body
The human body uses energy from food to fuel movement and essential body functions,
but the body cells don't get energy directly from food. After food is digested, the
carbohydrates, protein and fat break down into simple compounds -- glucose, amino acids
and fatty acids -- which are absorbed into the blood and transported to various cells
throughout the body. Within these cells, and from these energy sources, adenosine
triphosphate (ATP) is formed to provide fuel. The body uses 3 different systems to supply
cells with the necessary ATP to fuel energy needs. Most of the body's activities use a
continuum of all three energy systems, working together to ensure a constant supply of
energy.

ATP-PC System
The body needs a continuous supply of ATP for energy -- whether the energy is needed
for lifting weights, walking, thinking or even texting. It's also the unit of energy that fuels
metabolism, or the biochemical reactions that support and maintain life. For short and intense
movement lasting less than 10 seconds, the body mainly uses the ATP-PC, or creatine
phosphate system. This system is anaerobic, which means it does not use oxygen. The ATP-
PC system utilizes the relatively small amount of ATP already stored in the muscle for this
immediate energy source. When the body's supply of ATP is depleted, which occurs in a
matter of seconds, additional ATP is formed from the breakdown of phosphocreatine (PC)
-- an energy compound found in muscle.

Lactic Acid System

The lactic acid system, also called the anaerobic glycolysis system, produces energy
from muscle glycogen -- the storage form of glucose. Glycolysis, or the breakdown of
glycogen into glucose, can occur in the presence or absence of oxygen. When inadequate
oxygen is available, the series of reactions that transforms glucose into ATP causes lactic
acid to be produced -- in efforts to make more ATP. The lactic acid system fuels relatively
short periods -- a few minutes -- of high-intensity muscle activity, but the accumulation of
lactic acid can cause fatigue and a burning sensation in the muscles.

Aerobic System
The most complex energy system is the aerobic or oxygen energy system, which
provides most of the body's ATP. This system produces ATP as energy is released from the
breakdown of nutrients such as glucose and fatty acids. In the presence of oxygen, ATP can
be formed through glycolysis. This system also involves the Krebs or tricarboxylic acid cycle
-- a series of chemical reactions that generate energy in the mitochondria -- the power plant
inside the body cells. The complexity of this system, along with the fact that it relies heavily
on the circulatory system to supply oxygen, makes it slower to act compared to the ATP-PC
or lactic acid systems. The aerobic system supplies energy for body movement lasting more
than just a few minutes, such as long periods of work or endurance activities. This system is
also the pathway that provides ATP to fuel most of the body's energy needs not related to
physical activity, such as building and repairing body tissues, digesting food, controlling
body temperature and growing hair.

The Energy Used in Dancing by Cherrish Plummer

Production of Lactic Acid

• Lactic acid occurs when your body is working hard.
• When it is not working fast enough, lactate builds up in your muscles causes your
muscles to hurt.

Aerobic or Anaerobic
• The motion of dancing (Ballet) is aerobic
• This particular activity is aerobic because in most cases dancing is slow and
rhythmical.

Storage
• The body stores ATP in muscle in the form of Glycogen.
• This storage is for needed energy for doing activities

Energy System
• The oxidative system is the primary source of ATP during aerobic activities
• Oxidative energy primarily uses carbohydrates and fats as substrates for energy.

Mitochondrial/Metabolic Rate
• Mitochondria are referred as the “powerhouse of the cell”
• They also contain a lot of the enzymes, associated with aerobic energy • The aerobic
oxidative system forms a big part of our bodies metabolic rate.

REMEMBER

ATP-CP LACTIC ACID AEROBIC

• The body needs a • The lactic acid • The most complex
continuous supply system, also called energy system is the
of ATP for energy - the anaerobic aerobic or oxygen
whether the energy glycolysis system, energy system,
is needed for lifting produces energy which provides most
weights, walking, of the body's ATP.
from muscle
thinking or even This system
glycogen -- the
texting. It's also the •
storage form of produces ATP as
• unit of energy that
glucose. energy is released
fuels metabolism,
from the breakdown
or the biochemical • Glycolysis, or the
reactions that of nutrients such as
breakdown of
• support and glycogen into • glucose and fatty
maintain life. For glucose, can occur acids.
short and intense in the presence or In the presence of
movement lasting absence of oxygen. oxygen, ATP can be
less than 10 formed through
seconds, the • When inadequate
glycolysis.
oxygen is available,
the series of
reactions
• body mainly uses that transforms • This system also
the ATP-PC, or glucose into ATP • involves the Krebs
creatine phosphate causes lactic acid to or tricarboxylic acid
system. This be produced -- in cycle -- a series of
system is efforts to make more chemical reactions
anaerobic, which ATP. that generate energy
means it does not The lactic acid in the mitochondria -
use oxygen. The system fuels the power plant
• relatively short
ATP-PC system inside the body cells.
utilizes the relatively periods -- a few The complexity of
small amount of minutes -- of high
this system, along
ATP already stored intensity muscle
with the fact that it
in the muscle for this activity, but the
accumulation of relies heavily on the
immediate energy circulatory system to
source. lactic acid can cause
fatigue and a supply oxygen,
burning sensation in makes it slower to
the muscles. act compared to the
ATP-PC or lactic
acid systems.

• The aerobic system

supplies energy for
body movement
lasting more than
just a few minutes,
such as long periods
of work or
endurance activities.
• This system is also
the pathway that
provides ATP to
fuel most of the
body's energy needs
not related to
physical activity,
such as building and
repairing body
tissues, digesting
food, controlling
body temperature
and growing hair.