MATAYA, Megan M.

IEN11 – OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT

SANTOS, Arvin Jay P. LABORATORY ACTIVITY

Task No. 1: Make a research on how an indirect process technology operates. Provide a clear
flow/ function for every step.

The influence of technology has been more rampant today compared to a few decades
ago, in which it contributes to changing and modifying operations that we use currently. The
advances of different technology ensure that the efficiency and accuracy of the operations are
achieved. Through indirect process technologies, the management can control and further
improve processes with the help of computer systems like stock control systems.

A good example of indirect process technology that is widely used today is the RFID or
Radio Frequency Identification, in which it is a technology that uses radio waves to pick up
and transfer data to a computer system. In addition, this helps the management to monitor and
identify products within their supply chain from production up to its distribution.
 An RFID tag is used similarly to a barcode, which consists of a tiny microchip that
contains digital information about the item and it is encapsulated in a plastic or any material that
is fixed to the packaging of the product. Moreover, the tag is interrogated by an RFID reader
which transmits and receives radio signals to and from the tag. The information that the reader
collects is collated and processed using special computer software. Readers can be placed at
different positions within a factory or warehouse to show when goods are moved.

RFID belongs to a group of technologies referred to as Automatic Identification and Data

Capture (AIDC). AIDC methods automatically identify objects, collect data about them, and
enter those data directly into computer systems with little or no human intervention.

An overview of how an RFID works is shown below:

The RFID systems are consisting of two components, a transporter or a tact which is
located on an object that we want to be identified and a transceiver or a reader.
STEP 1: The antenna coil of the RFID reader generates high frequency electromagnetic field.
STEP 2: On the other hand, the tag is usually a passive component which consists of just an
antenna and an electronic microchip so when it gets near the electromagnetic field of the
transceiver due to induction a voltage is generated.
STEP 3: The telecoil and the voltage generated from the tag serves as power for the microchip.
STEP 4: Now as the tech is powered, it can extract the transmitted message from the reader.
STEP 5: For sending message back to the reader, it uses a technique called load manipulation.
STEP 6: Switching on and off a load at the antenna of the tag will affect the power consumption
of the readers antenna which can be measured as voltage drop. The changes in the voltage will be
captured as ones and zeros and that’s the way data is transferred from the tag to the reader.
Task No. 2: Provide an example of a robotics machine. Identify its parts and how it affects the
usual or results in a much more productive and efficient operation. Be ready to present this in
class.

Robots are primarily used and designed to help

humans in materials handling or any other kind of
operations found particularly in the manufacturing
industry. Its consistent and reliable performance are
some of the reasons why robots are commonly used
today.

One of the most popular kind of robotics

machine is the assembly robots, in which it moves with
greater precision and a fast pace in doing simultaneous
operations. An example of an assembly robot is the
SCARA Robot or Selective Compliance Articulated/Assembly Robot Arm, in which it
consists of two arms joined at the base and the intersection of the two arms. Its structure is
designed to handle a variety of material handling operations such as pick and place, assembly,
etc. In addition, the SCARA Robot operates in a single plane which allows the arm to extend and
retract into confined areas, which makes it suitable for reaching inside enclosures or pick-and-
place from one location to another.

The SCARA Robot and its parts are designed for a smooth precision in performing
different tasks in a given cycle. The movements of the spline shaft and the elbow are vertical,
which minimizes the effects of gravity on the robot by downloading them to the ground and
allowing the use of this machine in cases of strong pressures. Then the harmonic gear used in the
rotary shaft, found at tip of the elbow, assures the high rigidity and high accuracy in executing
the operations. The movement on the horizontal plane, while maintaining high rigidity on the
vertical direction, makes the robot particularly suitable to perform assembly tasks with tight
tolerances, such as putting shaft into a hole or just simply picking and placing components. The
mechanics of the SCARA Robot is generally quite strong and can withstand without problems
unexpected stress and collisions. Additionally, because of its compact design, it can perform
shorter life cycles with speed and accuracy
Task No. 3: If you are given the chance of designing a robot, what will it be and how it will
perform its intended job?

Problem:

Today, we’re facing a problem wherein we need to lessen our human interactions. Since
we’re currently in a pandemic, interacting with people increases the chances of contracting an
infection, leading to the further spread of the virus or any harmful microorganisms. It is
important to sanitize the places where there are a lot of people present, especially like a hospital,
where the people get treated. Even we sanitize the place with human effort, there’s also a chance
of contamination of the virus.

Solution:

On this project, we are introducing a robot that will help sanitize the place without
making any human interactions. It will be called as SR2021 or Sanitizing Robot 2021.
Design:

UV LED - UV is known to be an effective disinfectant due to its strong germicidal (inactivating)

ability. The UV LED disinfects surroundings containing bacteria and viruses.

Robot chassis – The robot chassis will serve as the skeleton of the robot where the other parts of
the robot is connected.

Wheels – it will be a 4 wheeled robot and capable of moving to any direction.

Battery – the battery that will be used is rechargeable or a 9V battery.

Chip - a single-board computer that is the size of a deck of cards. It has, many ports, Wi-Fi,
Bluetooth and you’ll be able to run applications that require more RAM.

Camera – a camera will be connected to the chip and will help to capture the live video.

SR2021

SR2021

How it will work:

The robot will be program to a computer that will help the operator to manipulate it even
if he’s far from it. Using the UV rays coming from the light, it will eliminate the germs and
bacteria found along its way. The robot will also give a live video stream of its surroundings,
with the help of Wi-Fi. With the use of W-Fi, we will be able to control the robot, to give us a
perfect view inside the area without physically being there. All this enables us to sanitize the
room as per our requirements. In addition, since the prototype that we introduced have wheels, it
can reach more areas and it can travel around the room, along the surfaces and walls, which
some people tend to overlook at when sanitizing. By killing the germs and bacteria, the UV light
restricts their number by destroying their reproductive system. The proposed design of the robot
will ensure the cleanliness of the room that will most likely prevent the spread of any virus
present in a certain environment.