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CBSE 12th Physics

Chapter 1 (Electric charges and field)
Important Unsolved Questions

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CBSE 12th Physics

Chapter 1
Unsolved Important Questions

1 Mark Questions:

Q.1. Which orientation of an electric dipole in a uniform electric field would correspond
stable equilibrium?

Q.2. Define electric dipole moment. Write its S.I. unit.

Q.3. A charge ‘q’ is placed at the center of a cube of side 𝒍. What is the electric flux
passing through each face of the cube?

Q.4. Two charges of magnitudes -2Q and + Q are located at points (a,0) and (4a,0)
respectively. What is the electric flux due to these charges through a sphere of radius
’3a’ with its center at the origin?

Q.5. What is the force between two small charges of 𝟐 × 𝟏𝟎−𝟕 𝐂 placed 30 cm apart in
air?

Q.6. A plot of magnetic flux (𝝓) versus current (I) is shown in the figure for two
inductors A and B. Which of the two has larger value of self-inductance?

Q.7. Figure shows three point charges, + 2q, – q and + 3q. Two charges + 2q and – q are
enclosed within a surface ‘S’. What is the electric flux due to this configuration through
the surface ‘S’?

Q.8. Why should electrostatic field be zero inside a conductor?

2 Marks Questions:
Q.9. Define electric flux. Write its S. I. unit. A charge q is enclosed by a spherical of
radius R. if the radius is to half, how would the electric flux through the surface
change?

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Q.10. A spherical conducting shell of inner radius 𝒓𝟏 and outer radius 𝒓𝟐 has a charge
‘Q’. A Charge ‘q’ is placed at the center of the shell.
(a) What is the surface charge density on the (i) inner surface, (ii) outer surface of the
shell?
(b) Write the expression for the electric field rice at a point x > 𝒓𝟐 from the center of the
shell.

𝝈
⃗ = 𝒏
Q.11. Show that the electric at the surface of a charged conductor is given by 𝑬 ̂,
𝜺 𝟎
where is the charge density is a unit vector normal to the surface in the outward
direction.

Q.12. A thin straight infinitely long conducting wire having charge density 𝝀 is enclosed
by a cylindrical surface of radius r and length l, its axis coinciding with the length of the
wire. Find the expression for the electric flux through the surface of the cylinder.

𝟏
Q.13. Plot a graph showing the variation of coulomb force (F) versus (𝒓𝟐 ), where r is the
distance between the two charges of each pair of changes:
( 𝟏 𝝁𝑪, 𝟐𝝁𝑪) 𝒂𝒏𝒅 ( 𝟐𝝁𝑪, −𝟑𝝁𝑪), 𝐢𝐧𝐭𝐞𝐫𝐩𝐫𝐞𝐭 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐠𝐫𝐚𝐩𝐡𝐬 𝐨𝐛𝐭𝐚𝐢𝐧𝐞𝐝

Q.14. An electric dipole is held in a uniform electric field.

(i) Show that the net force acting it is zero.
(ii) The dipole is aligned to the field. Find the work done in rotating it through the angle
of 180.

Q.15. Considering the case of a parallel plate capacitor being charged, show how one is
required to generalize Ampere's circuital law to include the term due to displacement
current.

Q.16. An infinite number of charges, each of coulomb, are placed along x-axis at x = 1m,
3m, 9m and so on. Calculate the electric field at the point x = 0 due to these charges if all
the charges are of the same sign.

Q.17. A sphere 𝒔𝟏 of radius 𝒓𝟏 encloses a charge Q, if there is another concentric sphere

𝒔𝟐 of the radius 𝒓𝟐 (𝒓𝟐 > 𝒓𝟏 )and there are no additional charges between 𝒔𝟏 and 𝒔𝟐 .
Find the ratio of electric flux through 𝒔𝟏 and 𝒔𝟐 .

Q.18. Two small identical electrical dipoles AB and CD, each of dipole moment 'p' are
kept at an angle of 𝟏𝟐𝟎 𝟎 as shown in the figure. What is the resultant dipole moment of
⃗⃗ )directed along + X
this combination? If this system is subjected to electric field ( 𝑬
direction, what will be the magnitude and direction of the torque acting on this?

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Q.19. A hollow cylindrical box of length 1m and area of cross-section 25𝑐𝑚2 is placed in
a three-dimensional coordinate system as shown in the figure. The electric field in the
region is given by ⃗𝑬
⃗ = 𝟓𝟎 𝒙 𝒊̂, where E is in 𝑵𝑪−𝟏 and 𝒙 is in metres. Find:

(i) Net flux through the cylinder.

(ii) Charge enclosed by the cylinder.

⃗ = 5 x 𝟏𝟎𝟑 𝒊̂ N/C, find the flux of this field through

Q.20. Given a uniform electric field 𝐄
a square of 10 cm on a side whose plane is parallel to the y - z plane. What would be the
flux through the same square if the plane makes a 𝟑𝟎° angle with the x-axis?

Q.21. An electric dipole of length 4cm, when placed with its axis making an angle of
60° with a uniform electric field, experiences a torque of 4√𝟑 Nm. Calculate the
potential energy of the dipole, if it has change ± 8nC.

3 Marks Questions:
Q.22. A positive point charge (+q) is kept in the vicinity of an uncharged conducting
plate. Sketch electric field lines originating from the point on to the surface of the plate.
Derive the expression for the electric field at the surface of a charged conductor.

Q.23. State Gauss’s theorem in electrostatics. Apply this theorem to derive an

expression for electric field intensity at a point outside a uniformly charged thin
spherical shell.

Q.24. A thin conducting spherical shell of radius R has charge Q spread uniformly over
its surface. Using Gauss's law, derive an expression for an electric field at a point
outside the shell. Draw a graph of electric field E(r) with distance r from the centre of
the shell for 𝟎 < 𝒓 < ∞.

Q.25. Using Gauss's law obtain the expression for the electric field due to a uniformly
charged thin spherical shell of radius R at a point outside the shell. Draw a graph
showing the variation of electric field with r, for r > R and r < R.

Q.26. (i) Drive the expression for electric field at a point on the equatorial line of an
electric dipole.
(ii) Depict the orientation of the dipole in (i) stable, (ii) unstable equilibrium in a
uniform electric field.

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Q.27. (a) Three point charges q, -4q and 2q are place at the vertices of an equilateral
triangle ABC of side ‘l’ as shown in the figure. Obtain the expression for the magnitude
of the resultant electric force acting on the charge q.

(b) Find out the amount of the work done to separate the charges at infinite distance.

5 Marks Questions:
Q.28. (a) Define electric flux. Write its SI units.
(b) The electric field components due to a charge inside the cube of side 0.1 m are as
shown:

𝑬𝒙 = 𝜶𝒙, 𝒘𝒉𝒆𝒓𝒆 𝜶 = 𝟓𝟎𝟎N/C-m

𝑬𝒚 = 𝟎, 𝑬𝒛 = 𝟎.
Calculate (i) the flux through the cube, and (ii) the charge inside the cube.

Q.29. (a) Define electric dipole moment. Is it a scalar or a vector? derive the expression
for the electric field of a dipole at a point on the equatorial plane of the dipole.
(b) Draw the equipotential surfaces due to an electric dipole. Locate the points where
the potential due to the dipole is zero.

Q.30. Using Gauss’ law deduce the expression for the electric field due to a uniformly
charged spherical conducting shell of radius R at a point (i) outside and (ii) inside the
shell. Plot a graph showing variation of electric field as a function of r > R and r < R. (r
being the distance from the center of the shell)

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Q.31. (a) Derive an expression for the electric field E due to a dipole of length "2a' at a
point distant r from the center of the dipole on the axial line.
(b) Draw a graph of E versus r for r >> a.
(c) If this dipole were kept in a uniform external electric field 𝑬𝟎 , diagrammatically
represent the position of the dipole in stable and unstable equilibrium and write the
expressions for the torque acting on the dipole in both the cases.

Q.32. (a) Use Gauss's theorem to find the electric field due to a uniformly charged
infinitely large plane thin sheet with surface charge density . (b) An infinitely large
thin plane sheet has a uniform surface charge density +. Obtain the expression for the
amount of work done in bringing a point charge q from infinity to a point, distance r, in
front of the charged plane sheet.

Q.33. (a) Derive ab expression for the torque experienced by an electric dipole kept
in a uniform electric field.

(b) Calculate the work done to dissociate the system of three charged placed on the
vertices of a triangle as shown.

𝑯𝒆𝒓𝒆 𝒒 = 𝟏. 𝟔 × 𝟏𝟎−𝟏𝟎 𝑪

Q.34. (a) Define electric flux. Write its S.I. units.

(b) Using Gauss’s law, prove that the electric field at a point due to a uniformly charged
infinite plane sheet is independent of the distance from it.
(c) How is the field directed if
(i) The sheet is positively charged,
(ii) negatively charged?

Q.35. (a) Define electric flux, Is it a scalar or a vector quantity?

A point charge q is at a distance of d/2 directly above the centre of a square of side d, as
shown in the figure. Use Gauss’ law to obtain the expression for the electric flux
through the square.

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(b) If the point charge is now moved to a distance ‘d’ from the center of the square and
the side of the square is doubled, explain how the electric flux will be affected.

⃗ ) due to a
Q.36. (a) Use Gauss’ law to derive the expression for the electric field (𝐄
straight uniformly charged infinite line of charge density λ C/m.

(b) Draw a graph to show the variation of E with perpendicular distance r from the line
of charge.
(c) Find the work done in bringing a charge q from perpendicular distance
𝒓𝟏 𝒕𝒐 𝒓𝟐 (𝒓𝟐 > 𝒓𝟏 )

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20161718/#physics
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