PATEROS CATHOLIC SCHOOL

Senior High School Department

F. Imson St., San Pedro, Pateros, Metro Manila
SY 2020-2021

General Biology – 02
ACTIVITY TASK SHEET No. 1

Learning Competencies:

1.1. characterize compare and contrast the following processes in plants and animals: reproduction,
development, nutrition, gas exchange, transport/circulation, regulation of body fluids, chemical and
nervous control, immune systems, and sensory and motor mechanisms

Name of Student: Sean Lee C. Matuguinas Grade and Section: 12-St.Hubert

A. The Plant Body

The plant body of most vascular plants consists of an aboveground part, the shoot system,
which includes stems, leaves, buds, flowers, and fruits, and a belowground part, the root system,
composed of main roots and branches. This plant body is constructed from millions of tiny cells, each
having a characteristic shape and function. Plants consist of many different types of cells that are
organized into aggregates called tissues.

1. Log on to the internet and visit the following website:

https://www2.estrellamountain.edu/faculty/farabee/biobk/BioBookPLANTANAT.html
http://pressbooks-dev.oer.hawaii.edu/biology/chapter/the-plant-body/
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-biology/chapter/asexual-reproduction/
Genyolm.com – study the handout attached in your account about plant body parts

2. Answer the following:

I. Plant Body System

a. Differentiate the two plant body systems in terms of their function.

- The shoot system is responsible for catching light needed for photosynthesis because the
shoot system is at the surface. While the root system is in underground and its function is
to support the plant and absorbs water and mineral underground.

b. Differentiate the two types of plant growth.

- The primary growth, makes the plant grow taller or longer. This are controlled by root apical
meristems or shoot apical meristem. While secondary growth focuses on making the plant
wider, this are controlled by vascular cambium and the cork cambium. Lastly, not all plants
need secondary growth
c. Describe the characteristic and function of meristematic tissue.
- These are plant cells that are undifferentiated. The function of meristematic tissue is to
divide and contribute to the growth of plant cells, as well to form specialized plant cells.

d. Describe the characteristics of the three types of meristematic tissue.

- There are three types of meristematic tissues: apical meristems, intercalary meristems,
lateral meristems. First, apical meristems are found at the tip of stems and roots, they help
to increase the height of the plant. Second, intercalary meristems are located at the base of
a leaf, they are responsible for increasing the length of a leaf. Lastly, lateral meristems are
located at the lateral side of the stem, they are responsible for the thickness of the plant.

e. Describe the characteristics of permanent tissue

- Permanent tissue is group of cells that completely stopped or temporary stopped from
growing and are no longer active at dividing.
f. Differentiate the two types of permanent tissue.
- There are two types of permanent tissues: single permanent tissue and complex permanent
tissue. First, single permanent tissue is consisting of one type of cell. Also, this cells have
the same structure and parts. However, complex permanent tissue is consisting of more
than one type of cell. Lastly, they coordinate with each other to perform specialized
functions in the plant body.

g. How will you describe the three types of ground tissue in terms of their
characteristics, location and functions?
- The first type of ground tissue is parenchyma; this is the common ground tissue and they
function as a storage for food materials, waste products and carries photosynthesis and
manufacture sugar. Also, parenchyma could be oval, spherical or polygonal in terms of
shape and there are found in a soft parts of a plant. Second, collenchyma is characterized
by elongated cells with corners that are thickened which can be circular, oval or polygonal in
shape, have thin cell walls, have chloroplasts and etc. Also, collenchyma is located at
peripheral portion of stems and leaves, region of plants that are growing and need to be
strengthened and below epidermis in dicot stems and midrib of dicot leaves. Additionally,
collenchyma function is to give mechanical support to herbaceous plants and contain
chloroplast and also manufacture sugar and starch. Third, sclerenchyma is long, narrow and
thick-walled cells and when the sclerenchyma cells are dead when they matured. Also, the
function of sclerenchyma cells is give mechanical support to plants and provides support to
withstand various strains. Lastly, the location of the sclerenchyma is in stems, roots, veins
of leaves, seeds and nuts.

h. What are the differences of xylem from phloem?

- First, xylem transports water and nutrients from roots and different parts of the plants.
While phloem transport organic compounds from the site of photosynthesis to other parts of
the plants.
II. Plant Reproduction

a) Give the atleast three significance of reproduction?

- It is necessary for the continuation of the species on earth
- It is the production of one’s own kind
- It is necessary to replace the dead members of the species

b) What are the two types of reproduction? Explain each type.

- The two types of plant reproduction are: sexual and asexual. First, sexual is when two male
and female sexual cells unite to form an offspring and the offspring is different from the
parent cells. While the asexual reproduction does not require a sexual cell to reproduce and
its offspring is identical to a parent cell.

c) Describe the different parts of the male reproductive part.

- The pollen grain stores the male reproductive cells of plants and because of this they have a
protective coat which prevents the pollen grain to dry up. Lastly, insects or wind carries the
pollen.

d) Describe the different parts of the female reproductive part

- The different parts of the female reproductive parts of a plant. First, ovule or
megasporangia is a future seeds and insides of the ovule is a pollen’s sperm cells that
fertilizes the egg and it will become embryo and endosperm will make up a seed. Lastly,
ovary contains one or more ovules and if the ovules becomes a seed, the ovary expands
and thickens to become a fruit. This will eventually rot or be eating and the seeds will be
dispersed to grow into plants.

II. B. Complete the table below.

Type of vegetative part Description Examples

1. Rhizomes This is a horizontal type plant Ginger, turmeric, water lilies and
stem that is underground. Also, it ferns.
can produce shoot and root
systems. Rhizomes function is to
store starches and proteins to
survive.
2. Bulb This plants are round, modified Onions, narcissus, tulip aad
stems that have a large globed- hyacinth
shape underground bud. The bud
is surround by layers of fleshy and
scale-like leaves.
3. Runners Also known as stolon, this have a Strawberry, peppermint and
horizontal stem that grows along bermudagrass
the ground. The stems are slender
and they originate from existing
stems. As runner grown they will
develop a bud that contains roots
and shoots. This buds are located
at the nodes or at the tip of the
runner.
4. Tubers This Tubers are stems that are Potatoes, sweet potatoes and
specialized in storing seeds. yams
Usually tubers are short and are
thickened when they grow
underground. There are two types
of tubers stems and roots tuber.
5. Corms Corms are enlarged, vertical and Taro and gladiola
bulb-liked shaped underground
stem. This stores certain seed in
plants and nutrients. They also
produce adventitious roots and
possess buds that develop it into
new plant shoots.
6. Sucker This are shoots that arise from the Apple trees, cherry trees and
buds on undergrounds roots or roses
shoots. They have a possibility to
sprout on a buds that are near a
base of a parent plant and can
grow into a new plant.
7. Plantlets These are plants that grow on Mother of thousands
meristem tissue that are located
along the leaf margins. When
maturing that plantlets develop
roots and drop from the leaves. If
it is taken to a soil it will form new
plant.