Saudi Electrical Code

SBC 401

Key List of the Saudi Codes: Designations and brief titles

Title Code Req. 1 Code & Com. 2 Arabic Prov. 3

The General Building Code SBC 201-CR SBC 201-CC SBC 201-AR
Structural – Loading and Forces SBC 301-CR SBC 301-CC SBC 301-AR
Structural – Construction SBC 302- CR SBC 302-AR
Structural – Soil and Foundations SBC 303- CR SBC 303-CC SBC 303-AR
Structural – Concrete Structures SBC 304- CR SBC 304-CC SBC 304-AR
Structural – Masonry Structures SBC 305- CR SBC 305-CC SBC 305-AR
Structural – Steel Structures

Electrical Code SBC 401-CR SBC 401-AR

Mechanical Code SBC 501- CR SBC 501-CC SBC 501-AR
Energy Conservation- Nonresidential SBC 601- CC SBC 601- AR
Energy Conservation-Residential SBC 602- CC SBC 602- AR
Plumbing Code SBC 701- CR SBC 701-CC SBC 701-AR
Private sewage Code SBC 702- CR SBC 702-AR
Fire Code SBC 801- CR SBC 801-CC SBC 801-AR
Existing Buildings Code SBC 901- CR SBC 901-CC SBC 901-AR
Green Construction Code SBC 1001- CR SBC 1001-CC SBC 1001-AR
Residential Building Code* SBC 1101- CR SBC 1101-CC SBC 1101-AR
Fuel Gas Code* SBC 1201- CR SBC 1201-CC SBC 1201-AR
1. CR: Code Requirements without Commentary
2. CC: Code Requirements with Commentary
3. AR: Arabic Code Provisions
* Under Development

COPYRIGHT © 2018
by
The Saudi Building Code National Committee (SBCNC) .

ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. All intellectual property rights of this Saudi Code is owned by the
National Committee of Saudi Building Code as per the regulations of the intellectual property system
in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. No part of this code may be reproduced, distributed or leased in any
form or by any means, including but not limited to publishing on cloud sites, computer networks or
any electronic means of communication, without prior written permission from the National
Committee for the Saudi Building Code. The purchase of an electronic or paper copy does not exempt
the individual or entity from complying with the above limitations.

SBC 401-CR-18 i
 TECHNICAL COMMITTEE (SBC 401):
1 Dr. Abdulhameed A. Al-Ohaly Chairman
2 Dr. Abdullah M. Al-Shaalan Member
3 Dr. Yasin Zanoun Khan Member
4 Engr. Abdulrahman Alabdulkarim Member
5 Engr. Walid Mohammad Hilal Member
6 Engr. Monir Al-Sayed Hussein Member
7 Engr. Mohamed Anas Dakhel Member
8 Engr. Basem Hani Salameh Member

REVIEW COMMITTEE:
1 Dr. Naif M. Alabbadi Chairman
2 Dr. Khaled M. Aljammaz Member
3 Dr. Abdulrahman G. Al-enizi Member
4 Engr. Saeed K. Kadasah Member
5 Engr. Tawifik I. Aljrayed Member

SAUDI BUILDING CODE NATIONAL COMMITTEE (SBCNC): TECHNICAL EDITING COMMITTEE:

1 H. E. Dr. Saad O. AlKasabi Chairman 1 Prof. Ahmed B. Shuraim Chairman

2 Dr. Naif M. Alabbadi Vice Chairman 2 Dr. Abdallah M. Al-Shehri Member
3 Dr. Abdulrahman G. Al-enizi Member 3 Engr. Tawifik I. Aljrayed Member
4 Engr. Saeed K. Kadasah Member
5 Dr. Hassan S. Alhazmi Member
6 Engr. Badr S. AL-maayoof Member EDITORIAL SUPPORT:
7 Engr. Fayez A. Alghamdi Member
8 Engr. Mohammed A. Alwaily Member Engr. Riyadh D. Alrasheed Engr. Sardar Umer Sial
9 Dr. Bandar S. Alkahlan Member
10 Engr. Ahmad N. Hassan Member
11 Engr. Abdulnasser S. Alabdullatif Member
12 Dr. Hani M. Zahran Member
13 Engr. Khalifa S. Alyahyai Member
14 Dr. Khaled M. Aljammaz Member
15 Dr. Ibrahim O. Habiballah Member
16 Dr. Saeed A. Asiri Member
17 Dr. Abdallah M. Al-Shehri Member
18 Engr. Saad S. Shuail Member

ADVISORY COMMITTEE :

1 Dr. Khaled M. Aljammaz Chairman

2 Eng. Khalifa S. Alyahyai Vice Chairman
3 Dr. Hani M. Zahran Member
4 Prof. Ali A. Shash Member
5 Prof. Ahmed B. Shuraim Member
6 Dr. Khalid M. Wazira Member
7 Dr. Abdulhameed A. Al Ohaly Member
8 Dr. Hamza A. Ghulman Member
9 Engr. Hakam A. Al-Aqily Member
10 Prof. Saleh F. Magram Member
11 Engr. Nasser M. Al-Dossari Member
12 Dr. Waleed H. Khushefati Member
13 Dr. Waleed M. Abanomi Member
14 Dr. Fahad S. Al-Lahaim Member

SBC 401-CR-18 ii
PREFACE

PREFACE

This is the second edition of the Electrical Requirements that is considered to be as an essential
part within the parts of the Saudi Building Code (SBC). These Electrical Requirements provide
a common set of regulations for applications to the electrical installations in buildings in the
Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Up to the date of issuing this edition, a variety of standards and/or
requirements are applied in the design and installation of electrical installation works.
The Electrical Technical Committee, which developed these Electrical Requirements, is
composed of representatives from various governmental entities, academia, engineering
companies and consultant bureaus in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
The Electrical Technical Committee started by selecting the regulations of the Saudi Building
Code (SBC 401-2007) and the Gulf Building Code (GBC 401) for the Electrical Requirements
as the basic references with the intention of adopting the International Electrotechnical
Commission Standards (IEC 60364) to the
The second step was to modify some regulations of IEC 60364 (latest editions) in order to
adapt to the operational and environmental conditions prevailing the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
The thorough study of the IEC 60364 revealed the need to add a number of supplementary
provisions to the basic reference. Some regulations and standards, such as SASO standards,
Gulf Standards Organization (GSO), British Standards (BS 7671) and National Fire Protection
Agency (NFPA 70), were selected as auxiliary references for developing of the required
provisions. The process of developing the supplementary provisions incorporated two steps:
the first one is building up the provisions based on the relevant auxiliary references, and the
second one is putting the regulations in a form complying with the terminology and format of
the IEC 60364.

SBC 401-CR-18 iii

‫‪PREFACE‬‬

‫مقـــــدمــــــة‬

‫ي عتبر هذا اإلصدار الطبعة الثانية من المتطلبات الكهربائية التي تعد جز ًء ا أساسي ًا ضمن أجزاء أخرى من‬
‫كود البناء السعودي )‪ .) SBC‬وتوفر هذه المتطلبات الكهربائية مجموعة مشتركة من اللوائح للتطبيقات‬
‫على التركيبات الكهربائية ل لمباني في المملكة العربية السعودية‪ .‬وحتى تاريخ إصدار هذه الطبعة فإن هناك‬
‫العديد من المواصفات والمتطلبات المطبقة في تصميم وتركيب أعمال ا لتمديدات الكهربائية‪.‬‬
‫تتكون اللجنة الفنية الكهربائية‪ ،‬التي عملت على تطوير وتحديث هذه المتطلبات الكهربائية من ممثلين من‬
‫مختلف الجهات الحكومية وا لجامعات السعودية وال شركات الهندسة والمكاتب االستشارية في المملكة‬
‫العربية السعودية‪.‬‬
‫بدأت اللجنة الفنية الكهربائية باختيار أنظمة كود البناء السعودي )‪ ) SBC 401-2007‬وكود البناء‬
‫الخليجي )‪ ) GBC 401‬للمتطلبات الكهربائية كمراجع أساسية لغرض اعتماد مواصفات الهيئة الكهرتقنية‬
‫الدولية )‪ ) IEC 60364‬إلى أقصى حد ممكن‪.‬‬
‫وكانت الخطوة الثانية وهي تعديل بعض اللوائح الخاصة بالمواصفة )‪ (IEC 603643‬تبع ًا ألحدث‬
‫اإلصدارات وذلك من أجل التكيف مع الظروف التشغيلية والبيئية السائدة في المملكة العربية السعودية‪.‬‬
‫كشفت الدراسة الشاملة للمواصفة ‪ IEC 60364‬عن الحاجة إلى إضافة عدد من األحكام التكميلية إلى‬
‫المرجع األساسي‪ .‬وقد تم اختيار بعض اللوائح والمواصفات للهيئة السعودية للمواصفات والمقاييس والجودة‬
‫( ‪ ) SASO‬ولهيئة المواصفات الخليجية )‪ (GSO‬وللمواصفات البريطانية )‪ ) BS 7671‬وللوكالة الوطنية‬
‫للحماية من الحرائق )‪ ) NFPA 70‬كمراجع إضافية لتطوير المتطلبات واالشتراطات المطلوبة ‪ .‬وقد‬
‫تضمنت عملية تطوير تلك المتطلبات واالشتراطات التكميلية خطوتين ‪ :‬األولى هي بناء تلك المتطلبات‬
‫واالشتراطات على أساس المراجع المساندة ذات الصلة‪ ،‬والثانية هي وضع اللوائح في شكل يتوافق مع‬
‫المصطلحات والنسق المتبع في المواصفة )‪.(IEC 60364‬‬

‫‪SBC 401-CR-18‬‬ ‫‪iv‬‬

TABLE OF CONTENTS

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PART ONE SCOPE AND FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES ....................................... 1

CHAPTER 11 SCOPE ................................................................................................ 2
11-0.1 2
11-0.2 2
11-0.3 2
11-0.4 3
11-0.5 3
11-0.6 3
CHAPTER 12 FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES ......................................................... 4
12-1 Protection for safety ..................................................................................... 4
12-1.1 General ............................................................................................. 4
12-1.2 Protection against electric shock ........................................................ 4
12-1.3 Protection against thermal effects ...................................................... 4
12-1.4 Protection against overcurrent ........................................................... 4
12-1.5 Protection against fault currents ........................................................ 5
12-1.6 Protection against voltage disturbances and measures against
electromagnetic influences ................................................................ 5
12-1.7 Protection against power supply interruption ..................................... 5
12-2 Design ......................................................................................................... 5
12-2.1 General ............................................................................................. 5
12-2.2 Characteristics of available supply or supplies ................................... 5
12-2.3 Nature of demand .............................................................................. 6
12-2.4 Electric supply systems for safety services or standby electric supply
systems ............................................................................................. 6
12-2.5 Environmental conditions .................................................................. 6
12-2.6 Cross-section of conductors ............................................................... 6
12-2.7 Types of wiring and methods of installation ...................................... 6
12-2.8 Protective equipment ......................................................................... 7
12-2.9 Emergency control ............................................................................ 7
12-2.10 Disconnecting devices ..................................................................... 7
12-2.11 Prevention of mutual detrimental influence ...................................... 7
12-2.12 Accessibility of electrical equipment ............................................... 7
12-2.13 Documentation for the electrical installation .................................... 7
12-3 Selection of electrical equipment .................................................................. 7
12-3.1 General ............................................................................................. 7
12-3.2 Electrical equipment characteristics ................................................... 7
12-3.3 Conditions of installation .................................................................. 8
12-3.4 Prevention of harmful effects ............................................................ 8
12-4 Erection and verification of electrical installations ........................................ 8

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

12-4.1 Erection ............................................................................................ 8

12-4.2 Initial verification ............................................................................. 9
12-4.3 Periodic verification .......................................................................... 9
PART TWO DEFINITIONS AND ABBREVIATIONS ............................................. 10
CHAPTER 21 DEFINITIONS .................................................................................. 11
CHAPTER 22 ABBREVIATIONS ........................................................................... 43
PART THREE ASSESSMENT OF GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS ...................... 46
CHAPTER 31 PURPOSES, SUPPLIES AND STRUCTURE ..................................... 47
31-1 Maximum demand and diversity factor ....................................................... 47
31-1.1 47
31-1.2 47
31-2 Conductor arrangement and system earthing ............................................... 47
31-2.1 Current-carrying conductors depending on kind of current ............... 47
31-2.2 Types of system earthing arrangements ........................................... 47
31-3 Supplies ..................................................................................................... 49
31-3.1 General ........................................................................................... 49
31-3.2 Supplies for safety services and standby systems ............................. 49
31-4 Division of installation ............................................................................... 50
31-4.1 50
31-4.2 50
CHAPTER 32 COMPATIBILITY, MAINTAINABILITY AND SAFETY SERVICES67
32-1 Compatibility ............................................................................................. 67
32-1.1 Compatibility of characteristics ....................................................... 67
32-1.2 Electromagnetic compatibility ......................................................... 67
32-2 Maintainability ........................................................................................... 67
32-3 Safety Services ........................................................................................... 67
32-3.1 General ........................................................................................... 67
32-3.2 Classification of safety services....................................................... 67
32-4 Continuity of service .................................................................................. 68
PART FOUR PROTECTION FOR SAFETY ............................................................ 69
CHAPTER 41 PROTECTION AGAINST ELECTRIC SHOCK ................................. 70
41-0.1 Scope .............................................................................................. 70
41-0.2 General requirements ...................................................................... 70
41-0.3 Application of measures of protection against electric shock ............ 70
41-1 Protective measure: automatic disconnection of supply ............................... 72
41-1.1 General ........................................................................................... 72
41-1.2 Requirements for basic protection ................................................... 72
41-1.3 Requirements for fault protection .................................................... 72
41-1.4 TN system....................................................................................... 74
41-1.5 TT system ....................................................................................... 75

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

41-1.6 IT system ........................................................................................ 76

41-1.7 Functional extra-low voltage (FELV) .............................................. 78
41-2 Protective measure: double or reinforced insulation .................................... 79
41-2.1 General ........................................................................................... 79
41-2.2 Requirements for basic protection and fault protection ..................... 79
41-3 Protective measure: electrical separation .................................................... 81
41-3.1 General ........................................................................................... 81
41-3.2 Requirements for basic protection ................................................... 81
41-3.3 Requirements for fault protection .................................................... 81
41-4 Protective measure: extra-low-voltage provided by SELV and PELV .......... 82
41-4.1 General ........................................................................................... 82
41-4.2 Requirements for basic protection and fault protection ..................... 83
41-4.3 Sources for SELV and PELV ........................................................... 83
41-4.4 Requirements for SELV and PELV circuits ..................................... 83
41-5 Additional protection ................................................................................. 84
41-5.1 Additional protection: residual current protective devices (RCDs) ... 85
41-5.2 Additional protection: supplementary protective equipotential bonding85
Annex A.41 (normative) Provisions for basic protection ........................................... 87
A.41-1 Basic insulation of live parts ................................................................... 87
A.41-2 Barriers or enclosures ............................................................................. 87
A.41-2.1 .................................................................................................... 87
A.41-2.2 .................................................................................................... 87
A.41-2.3 .................................................................................................... 87
A.41-2.4 .................................................................................................... 87
A.41-2.5 .................................................................................................... 87
Annex B.41 (normative) Obstacles and placing out of reach ..................................... 88
B.41-1 Application ............................................................................................. 88
B.41-2 Obstacles ................................................................................................ 88
B.41-2.1 .................................................................................................... 88
B.41-2.2 .................................................................................................... 88
B.41-3 Placing out of reach ................................................................................ 88
B.41-3.1 .................................................................................................... 88
B.41-3.2 .................................................................................................... 88
B.41-3.3 .................................................................................................... 88
Annex C.41 (normative) Protective measures for application only when the
installations are controlled or under the supervision of skilled or instructed persons90
C.41-1 Non-conducting location ......................................................................... 90
C.41-1.1 .................................................................................................... 90
C.41-1.2 .................................................................................................... 90
C.41-1.3 .................................................................................................... 90
C.41-1.4 .................................................................................................... 90

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

C.41-1.5 .................................................................................................... 90
C.41-1.6 .................................................................................................... 90
C.41-1.7 .................................................................................................... 91
C.41-2 Protection by earth-free local equipotential bonding ................................ 91
C.41-2.1 .................................................................................................... 91
C.41-2.2 .................................................................................................... 91
C.41-2.3 .................................................................................................... 91
C.41-2.4 .................................................................................................... 91
C.41-3 Electrical separation for the supply of more than one item of current -using
equipment .................................................................................................. 91
C.41-3.1 .................................................................................................... 91
C.41-3.2 .................................................................................................... 91
C.41-3.3 .................................................................................................... 91
C.41-3.4 .................................................................................................... 91
C.41-3.5 .................................................................................................... 91
C.41-3.6 .................................................................................................... 91
C.41-3.7 .................................................................................................... 91
C.41-3.8 .................................................................................................... 91
CHAPTER 42 PROTECTION AGAINST THERMAL EFFECTS .............................. 92
42-0 Scope ......................................................................................................... 92
42-1 Protection against fire caused by electrical equipment ................................ 92
42-1.1 General requirements ...................................................................... 92
42-1.2 92
42-1.3 93
42-1.4 93
42-1.5 93
42-1.6 93
42-1.7 93
42-2 Precautions where particular risks of fire exist ............................................ 94
42-2.1 General ........................................................................................... 94
42-2.2 Conditions of evacuation in an emergency ....................................... 94
42-2.3 Locations with risks of fire due to the nature of processed or stored
materials ......................................................................................... 95
42-2.4 Locations with combustible constructional materials ....................... 97
42-2.5 Fire propagating structures .............................................................. 98
42-2.6 Selection and erection of installations in locations with endangering of
irreplaceable goods ......................................................................... 98
42-3 Protection against burns ............................................................................. 98
42-4 Protection against overheating .................................................................... 98
42-4.1 Forced air heating systems .............................................................. 98
42-4.2 Appliances producing hot water or steam ......................................... 99
42-4.3 Space heating appliances ................................................................. 99

SBC 401-CR-18 viii

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Annex A.42 (informative) Arc fault detection devices (AFDD) ............................. 101
CHAPTER 43 PROTECTION AGAINST OVERCURRENT ................................... 102
43-0.1 Scope ............................................................................................ 102
43-0.2 General requirements .................................................................... 102
43-1 Requirements according to the nature of the circuits ................................. 102
43-1.1 Protection of line conductors ......................................................... 102
43-1.2 Protection of the neutral conductor ................................................ 102
43-1.3 Disconnection and reconnection of the neutral conductor in multi -
phase systems ............................................................................... 103
43-2 Nature of protective devices ..................................................................... 103
43-2.1 Devices providing protection against both overload current and short -
circuit current ............................................................................... 103
43-2.2 Devices ensuring protection against overload current only ............. 104
43-2.3 Devices ensuring protection against short-circuit current only ....... 104
43-2.4 Characteristics of protective devices .............................................. 104
43-3 Protection against overload current ........................................................... 104
43-3.1 Coordination between conductors and overload protective dev ices . 104
43-3.2 Position of devices for overload protection .................................... 105
43-3.3 Omission of devices for protection against overload ...................... 105
43-3.4 Overload protection of conductors in parallel ................................ 106
43-4 Protection against short-circuit currents .................................................... 106
43-4.1 Determination of prospective short-circuit currents ........................ 107
43-4.2 Position of devices for short-circuit protection .............................. 107
43-4.3 Omission of devices for protection against short-circuit ................. 107
43-4.4 Short-circuit protection of conductors in parallel ........................... 107
43-4.5 Characteristics of short-circuit protective devices .......................... 108
43-5 Coordination of overload and short-circuit protection ............................... 109
43-5.1 Protection afforded by one device ................................................. 109
43-5.2 Protection afforded by separate devices ......................................... 109
43-6 Limitation of overcurrent by characteristics of supply ............................... 109
43-7 Discrimination between overcurrent protective devices ............................. 109
Annex A.43 (informative) Protection of conductors in parallel against overcurrent 111
A.43-1 Introduction .......................................................................................... 111
A.43-2 Over protection of conductors in parallel .............................................. 111
A.43-3 Short-circuit protection of conductors in parallel ................................... 112
Annex B.43 (informative) Conditions 1 and 2 of 43-3.1 ......................................... 116
Annex C.43 (informative) Position or omission of devices for overload protection . 118
C.43-1 General ................................................................................................. 118
C.43-2 Cases where overload protection need not be placed at the origin of the
branch circuit ........................................................................................... 118
C.43-3 Cases where overload protection may be omitted ................................... 118

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Annex D.43 (informative) Position or omission of devices for short-circuit protection122

D.43-1 General ................................................................................................ 122
D.43-2 Cases where short-circuit protection does not need to be placed at the
origin of branch circuit ............................................................................ 122
D.43-3 Case where short-circuit protection may be omitted .............................. 122
CHAPTER 44 PROTECTION AGAINST VOLTAGE DISTURBANCES AND
ELECTROMAGNETIC DISTURBANCES ....................................................... 126
44-0.1 Scope ............................................................................................ 126
44-1 (Vacant) ................................................................................................... 126
44-2 Protection of low-voltage installations against temporary overvoltages due to
earth faults in the high-voltage system and due to faults in the low-voltage
system ..................................................................................................... 126
44-2.1 Field of application ....................................................................... 126
44-2.2 Overvoltages in LV-systems during a high-voltage earth fault ....... 127
44-2.3 Power-frequency stress voltage in case of loss of the neutral conductor
in a TN and TT system .................................................................. 129
44-2.4 Power-frequency stress voltage in the event of an earth fault in an IT
system with distributed neutral ...................................................... 129
44-2.5 Power-frequency stress voltage in the event of a short-circuit between
a line conductor and the neutral conductor ..................................... 129
44-3 Protection against overvoltages of atmospheric origin or due to switching 129
44-3.1 General ......................................................................................... 129
44-3.2 Classification of impulse withstand voltages (overvoltage categories) 130
44-3.3 Arrangements for overvoltage control ............................................ 131
44-3.4 Required impulse withstand voltage of equipment ......................... 132
44-4 Measures against electromagnetic influences ............................................ 132
44-4.1 General ......................................................................................... 132
44-4.4 Mitigation of electromagnetic interference (EMI) .......................... 133
44-4.5 Earthing and equipotential bonding ............................................... 136
44-4.6 Segregation of circuits .................................................................. 139
44-4.7 Cable management systems ........................................................... 140
44-5 Protection against undervoltage ................................................................ 142
44-5.1 General requirements .................................................................... 142
Annex A.44 (informative) Explanatory notes concerning 44-2.1 and 44-2.2 ........... 167
A.44-2.1 General ..................................................................................... 167
A.44-2.2 Overvoltages in LV-systems during a high-voltage earth fault .... 168
Annex B.44 (informative) Guidance for overvoltage control by SPDs applied to
overhead lines .................................................................................................. 169
Annex C.44 (normative) Determination of the conventional length, d .................... 171
PART FIVE SELECTION AND ERECTION OF ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT ...... 173
CHAPTER 51 COMMON RULES .......................................................................... 174
51-0.1 Scope ............................................................................................ 174

SBC 401-CR-18 x
TABLE OF CONTENTS

51-0.2 General ......................................................................................... 174

51-1 Compliance with standards ....................................................................... 174
51-1.1 174
51-1.2 174
51-2 Operational conditions and external influences ......................................... 174
51-2.1 Operational conditions .................................................................. 174
51-2.2 External influences ....................................................................... 174
51-3 Accessibility ............................................................................................ 175
51-3.1 General ......................................................................................... 175
51-4 Identification ........................................................................................... 175
51-4.1 General ......................................................................................... 175
51-4.2 Wiring systems ............................................................................. 175
51-4.3 Protective devices ......................................................................... 176
51-4.4 Diagrams ...................................................................................... 176
51-5 Prevention of mutual detrimental influence ............................................... 176
51-5.1 176
51-5.2 177
51-5.3 Electromagnetic compatibility ....................................................... 177
51-6 Measures related to protective conductor currents ..................................... 177
51-6.1 Transformer .................................................................................. 177
51-6.2 Signalling systems ........................................................................ 177
Annex A.51 (informative) Concise List of External Influences ............................. 191
Annex B.51 (informative) Interdependence of Air Temperature, Relative to Air
Humidity and Absolute Air Humidity ............................................................... 193
Annex C.51 (normative) Classification of Mechanical Conditions ........................... 203
Annex D.51 (normative) Classification of Macro-Environments ............................ 205
Annex E.51 (normative) Permissible Protective Conductor Currents for Equipment 206
Annex F.51 (normative) Working Space ................................................................. 208
Reproduction of Annex B from IEC 61140 (informative) Values of maximum ac
limits of protective conductors current for cases E.51-7.5.2.2 a) and E.51-7.5.2.2
b) 210
CHAPTER 52 WIRING SYSTEMS ........................................................................ 211
52-0.1 Scope ............................................................................................ 211
52-0.2 General ......................................................................................... 211
52-1 Types of wiring systems ........................................................................... 211
52-1.1 211
52-1.2 211
52-1.3 211
52-1.4 Busbar trucking systems and powertrack systems .......................... 211
52-1.5 AC circuits electromagnetic effects (prevention of eddy current) ... 211

SBC 401-CR-18 xi
TABLE OF CONTENTS

52-1.6 Conduits systems, cable ducting systems, cable trunking systems,

cable tray systems and cable ladder systems .................................. 212
52-1.7 Several circuits in one cable .......................................................... 212
52-1.8 Circuit arrangements ..................................................................... 212
52-1.9 Use of flexible cables or cords ...................................................... 212
52-1.10 Installation of cables ................................................................... 212
52-2 Selection and erection of wiring systems in relation to external influences 212
52-2.1 Ambient temperature (AA) ............................................................ 213
52-2.2 External heat sources .................................................................... 213
52-2.3 Presence of water (AD) or high humidity (AB) .............................. 213
52-2.4 Presence of solid foreign bodies (AE) ............................................ 213
52-2.5 Presence of corrosive or polluting substances (AF) ........................ 213
52-2.6 Impact (AG) .................................................................................. 214
52-2.7 Vibration (AH).............................................................................. 214
52-2.8 Other mechanical stresses (AJ) ...................................................... 214
52-2.9 Presence of flora and/or mould growth (AK) ................................. 215
52-2.10 Presence of fauna (AL) ................................................................ 215
52-2.11 Solar radiation (AN) and ultraviolet radiation .............................. 216
52-2.12 Seismic effects (AP) .................................................................... 216
52-2.13 Wind (AR) .................................................................................. 216
52-2.14 Nature of processed or stored materials (BE) ............................... 216
52-2.15 Building design (CB) .................................................................. 216
52-3 Current-carrying capacities ....................................................................... 216
52-3.1 216
52-3.2 216
52-3.3 216
52-3.4 217
52-3.5 Groups containing more than one circuit........................................ 217
52-3.6 Number of loaded conductors ........................................................ 217
52-3.7 Conductors in parallel ................................................................... 217
52-3.8 Variation of installation conditions along a route ........................... 218
52-3.9 Single-core cables with a metallic covering ................................... 218
52-4 Cross-sectional areas of conductors .......................................................... 218
52-4.1 218
52-4.2 Cross-sectional area of the neutral conductor ................................. 218
52-5 Voltage drop in consumers' installations ................................................... 219
52-6 Electrical connections .............................................................................. 219
52-6.1 219
52-6.2 219
52-6.3 220
52-6.4 220

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52-6.5 220
52-6.6 220
52-6.7 220
52-6.8 Connection of multi-wire, fine wire and very fine wire conductors 220
52-6.9 220
52-7 Selection and erection of wiring systems to minimize the spread of fire .... 220
52-7.1 Precautions within a fire-segregated compartment ......................... 220
52-7.2 Sealing of wiring system penetrations ............................................ 221
52-8 Proximity of wiring systems to other services ........................................... 222
52-8.1 Proximity to electrical services ...................................................... 222
52-8.2 Proximity of communications cables ............................................. 222
52-8.3 Proximity to non-electrical services ............................................... 222
52-9 Selection and erection of wiring systems in relation to maintainability
including cleaning.................................................................................... 223
52-9.1 223
52-9.2 223
52-9.3 223
52-9.4 223
Annex A.52 (normative) Methods of installations .................................................. 226
Annex B.52 (normative) Current-Carrying Capacities ............................................ 235
B.52-1 Introduction .......................................................................................... 235
B.52-2 Ambient temperature ............................................................................ 235
B.52-2.1 .................................................................................................. 235
B.52-2.2 .................................................................................................. 235
B.52-2.3 .................................................................................................. 235
B.52-3 Soil thermal resistivity .......................................................................... 236
B.52-4 Groups containing more than one circuit ............................................... 236
B.52-4.1 .................................................................................................. 236
B.52-4.2 .................................................................................................. 236
B.52-5 Groups containing different sizes .......................................................... 237
B.52-5.1 .................................................................................................. 237
B.52-5.2 Groups on trays ......................................................................... 237
B.52-6 Methods of installation ......................................................................... 237
B.52-6.1 Reference methods .................................................................... 237
B.52-6.2 Other methods ........................................................................... 238
Annex C.52 (informative) Example of a Method of Simplification of the Tables of
Section 52-3 ..................................................................................................... 264
Annex D.52 (informative) Formulate to Express Current-Carrying Capacities ....... 267
Annex E.52 (informative) Effects of Harmonic Currents on Balanced Three -Phase
Systems ........................................................................................................... 272

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E.52-1 Reduction factors for harmonic currents in four-core and five-core cables
with four cores carrying current ............................................................... 272
E.52-2 Examples of the application of reduction factors for harmonic currents .. 273
Annex F.52 (informative) Selection of Conduit Systems ........................................ 275
Annex G.52 (informative) Voltage Drop in Consumers’ Installations ..................... 277
Annex H.52 (informative) Examples of Configurations of Parallel Cables .............. 279
CHAPTER 53 ISOLATION, SWITCHING AND CONTROL ................................. 283
53-0.1 Scope ............................................................................................ 283
53-0.2 General and common requirements ................................................ 283
53-1 Devices for protection against indirect contact by automatic disconnection of
supply ...................................................................................................... 283
53-1.1 Overcurrent protective devices ...................................................... 283
53-1.2 Residual current protective devices ............................................... 283
53-1.3 Insulation monitoring devices ........................................................ 284
53-2 Devices for protection against thermal effects ........................................... 285
53-3 Devices for protection against overcurrent ................................................ 285
53-3.1 General requirements .................................................................... 285
53-3.2 Selection of devices for protection of wiring systems against
overloads ...................................................................................... 285
53-3.3 Selection of devices for protection of wiring systems against short-
circuits .......................................................................................... 285
53-4 Devices for protection against overvoltages .............................................. 286
53-4.1 General ......................................................................................... 286
53-4.2 Selection and erection of SPDs in building installations ................. 286
53-5 Coordination of various protective devices ............................................... 290
53-5.1 Discrimination between overcurrent protective devices .................. 290
53-5.2 Association of residual current protective devices with overcurrent
protective devices ......................................................................... 290
53-5.3 Discrimination between residual current protective devices ........... 290
53-6 Isolation and switching ............................................................................. 291
53-6.0 Introduction .................................................................................. 291
53-6.1 General ......................................................................................... 291
53-6.2 Isolation ........................................................................................ 291
53-6.3 Switching-off for mechanical maintenance .................................... 292
53-6.4 Emergency switching .................................................................... 293
53-6.5 Functional switching (control) ....................................................... 295
Annex A.53 (informative) Installation of Surge Protective Devices in TN Systems 300
Annex B.53 (informative) Installation of Surge Protective Devices in TT Systems . 301
Annex C.53 (informative) Installation of Surge Protective Devices in IT Systems .. 303
Annex D.53 (informative) Installation of Class I, II and III Tested SPDs for Example
in TN-C-S Systems .......................................................................................... 304

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CHAPTER 54 EARTHING ARRANGEMENTS AND PROTECTIVE CONDUCTORS305

54-0.1 Scope ............................................................................................ 305
54-1 (Vacant) ................................................................................................... 305
54-2 Earthing arrangements .............................................................................. 305
54-2.1 General requirements .................................................................... 305
54-2.2 Earth electrodes ............................................................................ 305
54-2.3 Earthing conductors ...................................................................... 306
54-2.4 Main earthing terminal .................................................................. 307
54-3 Protective conductors ............................................................................... 307
54-3.1 Minimum cross-sectional areas ...................................................... 307
54-3.2 Types of protective conductors ...................................................... 308
54-3.3 Electrical continuity of protective conductors ................................ 309
54-3.4 PEN, PEL or PEM conductors ....................................................... 309
54-3.5 Combined protective and functional earthing conductors ............... 310
54-3.6 Currents in protective earthing conductors ..................................... 310
54-3.7 Reinforced protective earthing conductors for protective earthing
conductor currents exceeding 10 mA ............................................. 310
54-3.8 Arrangement of protective conductors ........................................... 311
54-4 Protective bonding conductors .................................................................. 311
54-4.1 Protective bonding conductors for connection to the main earthing
terminal ........................................................................................ 311
54-4.2 Protective bonding conductors for supplementary bonding ............. 311
Annex A.54 (normative) Method for deriving the factor k in 54-3.1.2 ..................... 315
Annex B.54 (informative) Example of Earthing Arrangements and Protective
Conductors ....................................................................................................... 319
Annex C.54 (informative) Erection of Concrete-Embedded Foundation for Earth
Electrodes ........................................................................................................ 321
C.54-1 General ................................................................................................. 321
C.54-2 Other considerations regarding the use of concrete-embedded foundation
earth electrodes ........................................................................................ 321
C.54-3 Construction of concrete-embedded foundation earth electrodes ............ 321
C.54-3.1 .................................................................................................. 321
C.54-3.2 .................................................................................................. 322
C.54-3.3 .................................................................................................. 322
C.54-3.4 .................................................................................................. 322
C.54-3.5 .................................................................................................. 322
C.54-3.6 .................................................................................................. 322
C.54-3.7 .................................................................................................. 322
C.54-4 Possible corrosion problems for other earthed installations outside
concrete-embedded foundation earth electrodes ........................................ 322
C.54-5 Completion of concrete-embedded foundation earth electrodes .............. 323
C.54-5.1 .................................................................................................. 323

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C.54-5.2 .................................................................................................. 323

Annex D.54 (informative) Erection of Soil-Embedded Earth Electrodes ................. 324
D.54-1 General ................................................................................................ 324
D.54-2 Soil resistivity ...................................................................................... 324
D.54-3 Earth electrodes buried in the soil ......................................................... 324
D.54-3.1 Constituent parts ....................................................................... 324
D.54-3.2 Assessment of earth electrode resistance .................................... 325
D.54-4 Metallic pillar as earth electrodes .......................................................... 325
CHAPTER 55 OTHER EQUIPMENT ..................................................................... 328
55-0.1 Scope ............................................................................................ 328
55-1 Low-voltage generating sets ..................................................................... 328
55-1.1 Scope ............................................................................................ 328
55-1.2 General requirements .................................................................... 328
55-1.3 Protective measure: extra-low-voltage provided by SELV and PELV329
55-1.4 Fault protection (Protection against indirect contact) ..................... 329
55-1.5 Protection against overcurrent ....................................................... 330
55-1.6 Additional requirements for installations where the generating set
provides a supply as a switched alternative to the normal supply to the
installation .................................................................................... 331
55-1.7 Additional requirements for installations where the generating se t may
operate in parallel with other sources including systems for
distribution of electricity to the public ........................................... 331
55-1.8 Requirements for installations incorporating stationary batteries .... 333
55-6 Socket-Outlets .......................................................................................... 333
55-6.1 Scope ............................................................................................ 333
55-6.2 Assessment of general characteristics ............................................ 333
55-6.3 Power supply ................................................................................ 333
55-6.4 Protection for safety ...................................................................... 333
55-6.5 Selection and erection ................................................................... 334
55-7 Auxiliary circuits ..................................................................................... 336
55-7.1 Scope ............................................................................................ 336
55-7.2 Vacant .......................................................................................... 336
55-7.3 Requirements for auxiliary circuits ................................................ 336
55-7.4 Characteristics of cables and conductors – Minimum cross-sectional
areas ............................................................................................. 339
55-7.5 Requirements for auxiliary circuits used for measurement ............. 339
55-7.6 Functional consideration ............................................................... 339
55-7.7 Functional safety ........................................................................... 341
55-7.8 EMC ............................................................................................. 341
55-8 Electric Appliances .................................................................................. 341
55-8.1 Scope ............................................................................................ 341
55-8.2 Compliance with standards ............................................................ 341

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55-8.3
Protection against electric shock .................................................... 342
55-8.4
Circuit overcurrent protection ....................................................... 342
55-8.5
Wiring system ............................................................................... 342
55-8.6
Flexible cords and supply connection ............................................ 342
55-8.7
Earthing ........................................................................................ 342
55-8.8
Installation requirements for some of the electrical appliances in
common use .................................................................................. 343
55-8.9 Marking ........................................................................................ 343
55-9 Luminaires and lighting installations ........................................................ 343
55-9.1 Scope ............................................................................................ 343
55-9.3 General requirements for installations ........................................... 344
55-9.4 Protection of the surroundings against thermal effects ................... 344
55-9.5 Wiring systems for lighting installations ........................................ 345
55-9.6 Independent lamp controlgear, e.g. ballasts .................................... 346
55-9.7 Compensation capacitors ............................................................... 346
55-9.8 Protection against electric shock for display stands for luminaires . 346
55-9.9 Stroboscopic effect ....................................................................... 346
55-9.10 Luminaires in specific locations .................................................. 346
55-9.11 Luminaires for hazardous locations ............................................. 347
Annex A.55 (informative) Explanation of symbols used in luminaires, in control gear
for luminaires and in the installation of the luminaires ...................................... 352
CHAPTER 56 SAFETY SERVICES ....................................................................... 354
56-0.1 Scope ............................................................................................ 354
56-0.4 Classification ................................................................................ 354
56-0.5 General ......................................................................................... 354
56-0.6 Electrical sources for safety services ............................................. 355
56-0.7 Circuits of safety services ............................................................. 356
56-0.8 Wiring systems ............................................................................. 357
56-0.9 Emergency escape lighting applications ......................................... 357
56-0.10 Fire protection applications ......................................................... 359
Annex A.56 (informative) Guidance for emergency lighting .................................. 360
Annex B.56 (informative) Guidance for fire protection equipment ......................... 362
PART SIX VERIFICATION .................................................................................. 363
CHAPTER 61 INITIAL VERIFICATION ............................................................... 364
61-0.1 Scope ............................................................................................ 364
61-1 Initial verification .................................................................................... 364
61-1.1 General ......................................................................................... 364
61-2 Inspection ................................................................................................ 364
61-2.1 364
61-2.2 364
61-2.3 364

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61-3 Testing Methods ....................................................................................... 365

61-3.1 General ......................................................................................... 365
61-3.2 Continuity of conductors ............................................................... 365
61-3.3 Insulation resistance of the electrical installation ........................... 366
61-3.4 Protection by SELV, PELV or by electrical separation ................... 366
61-3.5 Insulation resistance/impedance of floors and walls ....................... 367
61-3.6 Protection by automatic disconnection of the supply ...................... 367
61-3.7 Additional protection .................................................................... 369
61-3.8 Polarity test................................................................................... 369
61-3.9 Check of phase sequence ............................................................... 369
61-3.10 Functional tests ........................................................................... 369
61-3.11 Verification of voltage drop ........................................................ 369
61-4 Reporting for initial verification ............................................................... 369
61-4.1 369
61-4.2 370
61-4.3 370
61-4.4 370
61-4.5 370
Annex A.61 (informative) Methods for measuring the insulation resis tance/impedance
of floors and walls to earth or to the protective conductor ................................. 372
A.61-1 General ................................................................................................ 372
A.61-2 Test method for measuring the impedance of floors and walls with
ac voltage ................................................................................................ 372
A.61-3 Test electrode 1 .................................................................................... 372
A.61-4 Test electrode 2 .................................................................................... 373
Annex B.61 (informative) Methods B1, B2 and B3 ............................................... 375
B.61-1 Method B1 – Measurement of earth electrode resistance ........................ 375
B.61-2 Method B2 – Measurement of the fault loop impedance ......................... 375
B.61-3 Method B3 – Measurement of earth loop resistance with current clamps 375
Annex C.61 (informative) Guidance on the application of the rules of initial
verification ...................................................................................................... 379
C.61-1 .............................................................................................................. 379
C.61-2 Inspection ............................................................................................. 379
C.61-2.2 .................................................................................................. 379
C.61-2.3 .................................................................................................. 379
C.61-3 Testing ................................................................................................. 380
C.61.3.1 Void .......................................................................................... 380
C.61-3.2 Continuity of protective conductors ........................................... 380
C.61-3.3 Insulation resistance of the electrical installation ....................... 380
C.61-3.4 Protection by SELV, PELV or by electrical separation ............... 380
C.61-3.5 Void .......................................................................................... 380

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C.61-3.6 Protection by automatic disconnection of the supply .................. 380

Annex D.61 (informative) Example of a diagram suitable for the evaluatio n of the
voltage drop ..................................................................................................... 382
Annex E.61 (informative) Recommendations for electrical equipment, which are being
re-used in electrical installations ...................................................................... 384
Annex F.61 (informative) Description of the installation for verification .............. 385
Annex G.61 (informative) Form for inspection of electrical installations (see
examples in Section G.61-2) ............................................................................. 388
G.61-1 Form for inspection of electrical installations ........................................ 388
G.61-2 Examples of items to be checked when carrying out an installation
inspection ................................................................................................ 389
G.61-2.2 Protection against direct contact ................................................ 389
G.61-2.3 Equipment ................................................................................. 389
G.61-2.4 Identification ............................................................................. 393
Annex H.61 (informative) Reporting for verification .............................................. 394
CHAPTER 62 PERIODIC VERIFICATION ........................................................... 396
62-0.1 Scope ............................................................................................ 396
62-1 General .................................................................................................... 396
62-1.1 396
62-1.2 396
62-1.3 396
62-1.4 396
62-1.5 396
62-1.6 396
62-2 Frequency of periodic verification ............................................................ 397
62-2.1 397
62-2.2 397
62-3 Reporting for periodic verification ........................................................... 397
62-3.1 397
62-3.2 397
PART SEVEN SPECIAL LOCATIONS AND INSTALLATIONS .......................... 398
CHAPTER 701 LOCATIONS CONTAINING A BATH OR SHOWER ................... 399
701:11 Scope ................................................................................................... 399
701:3 Assessment of general characteristics...................................................... 399
701:3-01 General ..................................................................................... 399
701:3-02 Description of zone 0 ................................................................ 399
701:3-03 Description of zone 1 ................................................................ 399
701:3-04 Description of zone 2 ................................................................ 399
701:B.41 Obstacles and placing out of reach ..................................................... 400
701:B.41-2 Obstacles ............................................................................... 400
701:41-3 Protective measure: electrical separation ................................... 400

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701:B.41-3 Placing out of reach ............................................................... 400

701:4 Protection for safety ............................................................................... 400
701:41-4 Protective measure: extra-low-voltage provided by SELV and
PELV ............................................................................................ 400
701:41-5 Additional protection ................................................................ 400
701:C.41 Protective measures for application only when the installation is
controlled or under the supervision of skilled or instructed persons .......... 401
701:C.41-1 Non-conducting location ........................................................ 401
701:C.41-2 Protection by earth-free local equipotential bonding ............... 401
701:5 Selection and erection of electrical equipment ......................................... 401
701:51 Common rules ...................................................................................... 401
701:51-2 Operational conditions and external Influences .......................... 401
701:55 Current-using equipment ....................................................................... 402
701:753 Heating cables and embedded heating systems .................................... 403
CHAPTER 702 SWIMMING POOLS AND FOUNTAINS ...................................... 406
702:11 Scope ................................................................................................... 406
702 : 3 Assessment of general characteristics ...................................................... 406
702 : 3-01 General ..................................................................................... 406
702 : 3-02 Description of zone 0 ................................................................ 406
702 : 3-03 Description of zone 1 ................................................................ 407
702 : 3-04 Description of zone 2 ................................................................ 407
702 : 4 Protection for safety ............................................................................... 407
702 : 41 Protection against electric shock ........................................................... 407
702:41-4 Protective measure: extra-low-voltage (SELV and PELV) .......... 408
702:41-5 .................................................................................................. 408
702:5 Selection and erection of electrical equipment ......................................... 409
702:51 Common rules ...................................................................................... 409
702:51-2 Operational conditions and external Influences .......................... 409
702:52 Wiring systems ..................................................................................... 409
702:52-2 Selection and erection of wiring system in relation to external
influences ..................................................................................... 409
702:53 Isolation, switching and control ............................................................ 410
702:55 Other equipment ................................................................................... 410
702:55-101 Current-using equipment of swimming pools ......................... 410
702:55-102 Underwater lighting of swimming pools ................................. 411
702:55-103 Electrical equipment of fountains ........................................... 411
702:55-104 Special requirements for the installation of low voltage electrical
equipment in zone 1 of swimming pools ........................................ 411
702:753-105 Heating cables and embedded heating systems ..................... 412
Annex A.702 (informative) Examples of zones Tables and Figures ....................... 414
CHAPTER 703 ROOMS AND CABINS CONTAINING SAUNA HEATERS ......... 418
703:11 Scope ................................................................................................... 418

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703:3 Assessments of general characteristics .................................................... 418

703:3-0 General ....................................................................................... 418
703:3-01 Description of zone 1 ................................................................ 418
703:3-02 Description of zone 2 ................................................................ 418
703:3-03 Description of zone 3 ................................................................ 418
703:41 Protection for safety – Protection against electric shock ........................ 418
703:41-1 Protection against both direct and indirect contact ..................... 418
703:B.41 Obstacles and placing out of reach ..................................................... 418
703:B.41-2 Obstacles ............................................................................... 418
703:B.41-3 Placing out of reach ............................................................... 418
703:41-3 Protection against indirect contact ............................................. 419
703:5 Selection and erection of electrical equipment ......................................... 419
703:51 Common rules ...................................................................................... 419
703:51-2 Operational conditions and external influences .......................... 419
703:52 Wiring Systems .................................................................................... 419
703:52-2 Selection and erection of wiring systemsin relation to external
influences ..................................................................................... 419
703:53 Isolation, switching and control ............................................................ 419
703:55 Other equipment ................................................................................... 419
CHAPTER 704 CONSTRUCTION AND DEMOLITION SITE INSTALLATIONS . 421
704:11 Scope ................................................................................................... 421
704:3 Assessment of general characteristics...................................................... 421
704:31-3 Supplies .................................................................................... 421
704:4 Protection for safety ............................................................................... 421
704:41-1 Protection measure: automatic disconnection of supply .............. 421
704:B.41-2 Obstacles ............................................................................... 421
704:B.41-3 Placing out of reach ............................................................... 422
704:41-4 Protective measure: extra-low-voltage provided by SELV and
PELV ............................................................................................ 422
704:5 Selection and erection of equipment ........................................................ 422
704:51 Common rules ...................................................................................... 422
704:51-1 Compliance with standards ........................................................ 422
704:52 Wiring systems ..................................................................................... 422
704:52-2 Selection and erection of wiring system in relation to external
influences ..................................................................................... 422
704:53 Isolation, switching and control ............................................................ 422
704:56 Safety services ...................................................................................... 422
CHAPTER 705 AGRICULTURAL AND HORTICULTURAL PREMISES ............. 424
705:11 Scope ................................................................................................... 424
705:31-2 Types of distribution system ...................................................... 424
705:41 Protection against electric shock ........................................................... 424
705:41-1 Protective measure: automatic disconnection of supply .............. 424

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705:41-4 Protective measure: extra-low-voltage provided by SELV and

PELV ............................................................................................ 424
705:42 Protection against thermal effects ......................................................... 425
705:42-2 Precaution where particular risks of fire .................................... 425
705:43 Protection against overcurrent ............................................................... 425
705:43-3 Protection against overload current ............................................ 425
705:44-3 Protection against overvoltage of atmospheric origin or due to
switching ...................................................................................... 425
705:5 Selection and erection of electrical equipment ......................................... 425
705:51 Common rules ...................................................................................... 425
705:51-2 Operational conditions and external influences .......................... 425
705:51-3 Accessibility ............................................................................. 426
705:51-4 Identification ............................................................................ 426
705:52 Wiring systems ..................................................................................... 426
705:52-2 Selection and erection of wiring systems in relation to external
influences ..................................................................................... 426
705:53 Isolation switching and control ............................................................. 427
705:53-6 Isolation and switching .............................................................. 427
705:54 Earthing arrangements, protective conductors and protective bonding
conductors ............................................................................................... 427
705:54-4 Equipotential bonding conductors .............................................. 427
705:55 Other equipment ................................................................................... 427
705:55-1 Socket-outlets ........................................................................... 427
705:55-9 Luminaires and lighting installations ......................................... 427
705:56 Safety devices ...................................................................................... 428
Annex A.705 (informative) Examples of equipotential bonding in agricultural
premises........................................................................................................... 429
Annex B.705 (normative) Obstacles and placing out of reach ............................... 434
Annex C.705 (normative) Protective measures for application only when the
installation is controlled or under the supervision of skilled or instructed persons435
CHAPTER 706 CONDUCTING LOCATIONS WITH RESTRICTED MOVEMENT 436
706.11 Scope ................................................................................................... 436
706:B.41-2 Obstacles ............................................................................... 437
706:B.41-3 Placing out of reach ............................................................... 437
706:41-3 Protective measure: electrical separation ................................... 437
706:41-4.3 Sources for SELV and PELV .................................................. 437
CHAPTER 708 CARAVAN PARKS, CAMPING PARKS AND SIMILAR
LOCATIONS ................................................................................................... 438
708:11 Scope ................................................................................................... 438
708:3 Assessment of general characteristics...................................................... 438
708:31-2 Conductor arrangement and system earthing .............................. 438
708:31-3 Supplies .................................................................................... 438

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708 : 4 Protection for safety ............................................................................... 438

708 : 41 Protection against electric shock ........................................................... 438
708 : B.41-2 Obstacles ............................................................................... 438
708 : B.41-3 Placing out of reach ............................................................... 438
708 : C.41-1 Non-conducting location ........................................................ 438
708 : C.41-2 Protection by earth-free local equipotential bonding ............... 438
708 : 5 Selection and erection of electrical equipment ......................................... 439
708:51 Common rules ...................................................................................... 439
708 : 51-2 Operational conditions and external influences .......................... 439
708:52 Wiring systems ..................................................................................... 439
708:52-1 Types of wiring systems ............................................................ 439
708:53 Isolation, switching and control ............................................................ 440
708:53-1 Devices for protection against indirect contact by automatic
disconnection of supply ................................................................. 440
708:53-3 Devices for protection against overcurrent ................................. 440
708:53-6 Isolation and switching .............................................................. 440
708:55 Other equipment ................................................................................... 440
708:55-6 Socket-outlets ........................................................................... 440
CHAPTER 709 MARINAS AND SIMILAR LOCATIONS ..................................... 441
709:11 Scope ................................................................................................... 441
709 : 31 Purposes, supplies and structure ............................................................ 441
709:31-2 Conductor arrangement and system earthing .............................. 441
709:31-3 Supplies .................................................................................... 441
709:4 Protection for safety ............................................................................... 441
709:41 Protection against electric shock ........................................................... 441
709:B.41-2 Obstacles ............................................................................... 441
709:B.41-3 Placing out of reach ............................................................... 441
709:C.41-1 Non-conducting location ........................................................ 441
709:C.41.2 Protection by earth-free local equipotential bonding ............... 441
709:41-3 Protective measure: electrical separation ................................... 441
709:5 Selection and erection of electrical equipment ......................................... 442
709:51 Common rules ...................................................................................... 442
709:51-2 Operational conditions and external influences .......................... 442
709:52 Wiring systems ..................................................................................... 442
709:52-1 Types of wiring systems ............................................................ 442
709:53 Isolation, switching and control ............................................................ 443
709:53-1 Devices for protection against indirect contact by automatic
disconnection of supply ................................................................. 443
709:53-3 Devices for protection against overcurrent ................................. 443
709:53-6 Isolation and switching .............................................................. 443
709:55 Other equipment ................................................................................... 444

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709:55-6 Socket-outlets ........................................................................... 444

Annex A.709 (informative) Examples of methods of obtaining supply in marinas . 445
Annex B.709 (informative) Example of an instruction notice to be placed in marinas 448
B.709-1 ............................................................................................................ 448
B.709-2 ............................................................................................................ 448
B.709-3 ............................................................................................................ 448
CHAPTER 710 MEDICAL LOCATIONS ............................................................... 450
710:11 Scope ................................................................................................... 450
710 : 30 Assessment of general characteristics .................................................... 450
710 : 31 Purposes, supplies and structure ............................................................ 450
710:31-3 Supplies .................................................................................... 450
710:4 Protection for safety ............................................................................... 450
710:41 Protection against electric shock ........................................................... 450
710:41-1 Protection measure: automatic disconnection of supply .............. 450
710:42-2 Protection against fire caused by electrical equipment ................ 453
710:5 Selection and erection of electrical equipment ......................................... 453
710:51 Common rules ...................................................................................... 453
710:51-2 Operational conditions and external influences .......................... 453
710:52 Wiring systems ..................................................................................... 454
710:53 Isolation, switching and control ............................................................ 454
710:53-101 Protection of wiring systems in medical locations of group 2 . 454
710:55 Other equipment ................................................................................... 454
710:55-6 Socket-outlets ........................................................................... 454
710:55-9 Luminaires and lighting installation ........................................... 454
710:56 Safety services ...................................................................................... 454
710:6 Verification ............................................................................................ 456
710:61 Initial verification ................................................................................. 456
710:62 Periodic verification ............................................................................. 456
Annex A.710 (normative) Classification of safety services for medical locations .. 459
Annex B.710 (informative) Examples for allocation of group numbers and
classification for safety services of medical locations ...................................... 460
CHAPTER 711 EXHIBITIONS, SHOWS AND STANDS ....................................... 463
711:11 Scope ................................................................................................... 463
711:3 Assessment of general characteristics...................................................... 463
711:31 Purposes, supplies and structure ............................................................ 463
711:31-3 Supplies .................................................................................... 463
711:32 Classification of external influences ...................................................... 463
711:4 Protection for safety ............................................................................... 463
711:41 Protection against electric shock ........................................................... 463
711:41-1 Protective measure: automatic disconnection of supply .............. 463
711:B.41 Obstacles and placing out of reach ..................................................... 463

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711:42 Protection against thermal effects ......................................................... 464

711:42-2 Precautions where particular risks of fire exists ......................... 464
711:5 Selection and erection of electrical equipment ......................................... 465
711:51 Common rules ...................................................................................... 465
711:51-4 Identification ............................................................................ 465
711:52 Wiring systems ..................................................................................... 465
711:52-1 Types of wiring systems ............................................................ 465
711:52-6 Electrical connections ............................................................... 465
711:53 Isolation, switching and control ............................................................ 465
711:53-6 Isolation and switching .............................................................. 465
711:55 Other equipment ................................................................................... 465
711:55-1 Low-voltage generating sets ...................................................... 465
711:55-6 Socket-outlets ........................................................................... 466
711:55-9 Luminaires and lighting installation ........................................... 466
711:6 Verification ............................................................................................ 467
CHAPTER 712 SOLAR PHOTOVOLTAIC (PV) POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS ..... 468
712:11 Scope ................................................................................................... 468
712:3 Assessment of general characteristics...................................................... 468
712:31 Purpose, supplies and structure ............................................................. 468
712:31-2 Types of distribution systems .................................................... 468
712:4 Protection for safety ............................................................................... 468
712:41 Protection against electric shock ........................................................... 468
712:41-1 Protective measure: automatic disconnection of supply .............. 468
712:41-2 Protection measure: double or reinforced insulation ................... 468
712:43-3 Protection against overload on the dc side ................................. 468
712:43-4 Protection against short-circuit currents ..................................... 469
712:44-4 Protection against electromagnetic interference (EMI) in buildings 469
712:5 Selection and erection of electrical equipment ......................................... 469
712:51 Common rules ...................................................................................... 469
712:51-1 Compliance with standards ........................................................ 469
712:51-2 Operational conditions and external influences .......................... 469
712:52 Wiring systems ..................................................................................... 469
712:52-2 Selection and erection of wiring system in relation to external
influences ..................................................................................... 469
712:53 Isolation, switching and control ............................................................ 469
712:53-6 Isolation and switching .............................................................. 469
712:54 Earthing arrangements and protective conductors .................................. 470
712:54-4 Protective bonding conductors ................................................... 470
CHAPTER 713 FURNITURE ................................................................................. 473
713:11 Scope ................................................................................................... 473
713:41 Protection for safety – Protection against electric shock ........................ 473

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713:41-5 Additional protection ................................................................ 473

713:52 Wiring systems ..................................................................................... 473
713:52-2 Selection and erection of wiring systems in relation to external
influences ..................................................................................... 473
713:55 Selection and erection of electrical equipment – Other equipment ......... 474
713:55-6 Socket outlets ............................................................................ 474
CHAPTER 714 EXTERNAL LIGHTING INSTALLATIONS ................................. 475
714:11 Scope ................................................................................................... 475
714:4 Protection for safety ............................................................................... 475
714:41 Protection against electric shock ........................................................... 475
714:41-1 Protective measure: automatic disconnection of supply .............. 475
714:A.41 Provisions for basic protection .................................................. 475
714:5 Selection and erection of electrical equipment ......................................... 476
714:51 Common rules ...................................................................................... 476
714:51-2 Operational conditions and external influences .......................... 476
714:53 Isolation, switching and control ............................................................ 476
714:53-6 Isolation and switching .............................................................. 476
CHAPTER 715 EXTRA-LOW-VOLTAGE LIGHTING INSTALLATIONS ............ 477
715.11 Scope ................................................................................................... 477
715:4 Protection for safety ............................................................................... 477
715:41 Protection against electric shock ........................................................... 477
715:41-4 Protective measure: extra-low-voltage provided by SELV and
PELV ............................................................................................ 477
715:42 Protection against thermal effects ......................................................... 477
715:43 Protection against overcurrent ............................................................... 478
715:5 Selection and erection of electrical equipment ......................................... 478
715:52 Wiring systems ..................................................................................... 478
715:52-1 Types of wiring system ............................................................. 478
715:52-4 Cross-sectional areas of conductors ........................................... 479
715:52-5 Voltage drop in consumers' installations .................................... 479
715:53 Isolation, switching and control ............................................................ 479
715:53-6 Isolation and switching .............................................................. 479
CHAPTER 717 MOBILE OR TRANSPORTABLE UNITS ..................................... 481
717:11 Scope ................................................................................................... 481
717:3 Assessment of general characteristics...................................................... 481
717:31 Purposes, supplies and structure ............................................................ 481
717:31-2 Conductor arrangement and system earthing .............................. 481
717:31-3 Supplies .................................................................................... 481
717:4 Protection for safety ............................................................................... 482
717:41 Protection against electric shock ........................................................... 482
717:41-1 Protective measure: automatic disconnection of supply .............. 482

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717:41-3 Protective measure: electrical separation ................................... 483

717:41-5 Additional protection ................................................................ 483
717:43 Protection against overcurrent ............................................................... 483
717:43-1 Requirements according to the nature of the circuits .................. 483
717:5 Selection and erection of electrical equipment ......................................... 483
717:51 Common rules ...................................................................................... 483
717:51-4 Identification ............................................................................ 483
717:52 Wiring systems ..................................................................................... 484
717:55 Other equipment ................................................................................... 484
717:55-1 Low-voltage generating sets ...................................................... 484
717:55-6 Socket-Outlets ........................................................................... 485
717:62-2 Frequency of periodic verification ............................................. 485
CHAPTER 718 COMMUNAL FACILITIES AND WORKPLACES ........................ 493
718:11 Scope ................................................................................................... 493
718:4 Protection for safety ............................................................................... 493
718:42 Protection against thermal effects ......................................................... 493
718:42-1 Protection against fire caused by electrical equipment ................ 493
718:42-2 Precautions where particular risks of fire exist ........................... 493
718:5 Selection and erection of electrical equipment ......................................... 493
718:53 Isolation, switching and control ............................................................ 493
718:53-6 Isolation and switching .............................................................. 494
718:55 Other equipment ................................................................................... 494
718:55-9 Luminaires and lighting installations ......................................... 494
718:805 Fire detection and alarm systems ......................................................... 495
CHAPTER 720 HAZARDOUS LOCATIONS – GENERAL REQUIREMENTS ...... 496
720:11 Scope ................................................................................................... 496
720:3 Assessments of general characteristics .................................................... 496
720:3-101 Classification of zones............................................................. 496
720:41 Protection against electric shock ........................................................... 497
720:5 Selection and erection of equipment ........................................................ 498
720:51 Common rules ...................................................................................... 498
720:52 Wiring systems ..................................................................................... 499
720:55 Other equipment ................................................................................... 500
720:55-3 Assurance of conformity of equipment ...................................... 500
720:6 Verification ............................................................................................ 501
720:61 Initial and periodic verification ............................................................. 501
720:61-1 Initial verification ..................................................................... 501
CHAPTER 721 ELECTRICAL INSTALLATIONS IN CARAVANS AND MOTOR
CARAVANS .................................................................................................... 502
721:11 Scope ................................................................................................... 502
721:3 Purposes, supplies and structure .............................................................. 502

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721:31-3 Supplies .................................................................................... 502

721:4 Protection for safety ............................................................................... 502
721:41 Protection against electric shock ........................................................... 502
721:B.41-2 Obstacles ............................................................................... 502
721:B.41-3 Placing out of reach ............................................................... 502
721:C.41-1 Non-conducting locations ...................................................... 502
721:C.41-2 Protection by earth-free local equipotential bonding ............... 502
721:41-3 Protective measure: electrical separation ................................... 502
721:41-4 Protective measure: extra-low voltage provided by SELV and PELV502
721:43 Protection against overcurrent ............................................................... 503
721:43-1 Requirements according to the natural of the circuits ................. 503
721:5 Selection and erection of equipment ........................................................ 503
721:51 Common rules ...................................................................................... 503
721:51-2 Operational conditions and external influences .......................... 503
721:51-4 Identification ............................................................................ 503
721:52 Wiring systems ..................................................................................... 503
721:52-1 Types of wiring systems ............................................................ 503
721:52-2 Selection and erection of wiring systems in relation to external
influences ..................................................................................... 504
721:52-4 Cross-sectional areas of conductors ........................................... 504
721:52-6 Electrical connections ............................................................... 504
721:52-8 Proximity of wiring systems to other services ............................ 504
721:53 Isolation, switching and control ............................................................ 504
721:53-6 Isolation and switching .............................................................. 504
721:54-3 Protective conductors ................................................................ 504
721:55 Other equipment ................................................................................... 504
721.55-1 Inlets ......................................................................................... 504
721:55-6 Socket-outlets ........................................................................... 505
Annex A.721 (normative) Instructions for electricity supply ................................. 507
Annex B.721 (informative) Extra low-voltage dc installations ................................ 508
B.721:3 Purposes, supplies and structure .......................................................... 508
B.721:31-3 Supplies ................................................................................. 508
B.721:51-4 Identification ......................................................................... 508
B.721:51-5 Prevention of mutual detrimental influence ............................ 508
B.721:52-1 Types of wiring systems ........................................................ 508
B.721:52-3 Current-carrying capacities .................................................... 508
B.721:52-5 Voltage drop in consumers' installations ................................. 508
B.721:52-8 Proximity of wiring systems to other services ......................... 509
B.721:53 Isolation, switching and control ......................................................... 509
B.721:53-3 Devices for protection against overcurrent ............................. 509
B.721:55 Other equipment ................................................................................ 510

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B.721:55-2 Accessories ............................................................................ 510

B.721:55-4 Other sources of supply ......................................................... 510
B.721:55-6 Socket-outlets ........................................................................ 510
B.721:55-7 Auxiliary circuits ................................................................... 510
B.721:55-8 Appliances ............................................................................. 512
Annex C.721 (informative) Current-carrying capacities ........................................ 514
C.721:1 ............................................................................................................ 514
C.721:1-1 Graphs for obtaining minimum cross-sectional areas ................ 514
C.721:1-2 Calculation of the minimum cross-sectional areas .................... 514
C.721:2 ............................................................................................................ 514
C.721:3 ............................................................................................................ 514
CHAPTER 729 OPERATING OR MAINTENANCE GANGWAYS ........................ 517
729:11 Scope ................................................................................................... 517
729:3 Assessment of general characteristics...................................................... 517
729:51-3 Accessibility ............................................................................. 517
Annex A.729 (normative) Additional requirements for closed restricted access areas 523
A.729-1 Evacuation .......................................................................................... 523
Annex B.729 (informative) Additional information for closed restricted access areas 526
B.729-1 Ventilation and conditioning ............................................................... 526
B.729-2 Construction and lighting .................................................................... 526
CHAPTER 730 ELECTRIC SIGNS AND OUTLINE LIGHTING .......................... 527
730:11 Scope ................................................................................................... 527
730:31 Purposes, supplies and structure ............................................................ 527
730:31-3 Supplies .................................................................................... 527
730:41 Protection against electric shock ........................................................... 527
730:41-2 Protective measure: double or reinforced insulation ................... 527
730:B.41-3 Placing out of reach ............................................................... 528
730:5 Selection and erection of electrical equipment ......................................... 528
730:51 Common rules ...................................................................................... 528
730:51-4 Identification ............................................................................ 528
730:51-5 Prevention of mutual detrimental influence ................................ 528
730:52 Wiring systems ..................................................................................... 528
730:52-2 Selection and erection of wiring system in relation to external
influences ..................................................................................... 528
730:53 Isolation, switching and control ............................................................ 528
730:53-1 Devices for protection against indirect contact by automatic
disconnection of supply ................................................................. 528
730:54 Earthing arrangements, protective conductors and protective bonding
conductors ............................................................................................... 529
730:54-3 The protective conductors ......................................................... 529
730:54-4 Protective bonding conductors ................................................... 529

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730:55 Other equipment ................................................................................... 530

730:55-2 Transformers ............................................................................. 530
730:55-3 Inverters and converters ............................................................ 530
730:61 Verification .......................................................................................... 530
730:61-1 Initial verification ..................................................................... 530
730:61-2 Inspection ................................................................................. 530
CHAPTER 740 TEMPORARY ELECTRICAL INSTALLATIONS FOR
STRUCTURES, AMUSEMENT DEVICES AND BOOTHS AT FAIRGROUNDS,
AMUSEMENT PARKS AND CIRCUSES ........................................................ 531
740:11 Scope ................................................................................................... 531
740:3 Assessment of general characteristics...................................................... 531
740:31 Purposes, supplies and structure ............................................................ 531
740:31-3 Supplies .................................................................................... 531
740:4 Protection for safety ............................................................................... 531
740:41 Protection against electric shock ........................................................... 531
740:41-1 Protective measure: automatic disconnection of supply .............. 532
740:42 Protection against thermal effects ......................................................... 532
740:42-1 Protection against fire caused by electrical equipment ................ 532
740:5 Selection and erection of electrical equipment ......................................... 533
740:51 Common rules ...................................................................................... 533
740:52 Wiring systems ..................................................................................... 533
740:52-1 Types of wiring systems ............................................................ 533
740:52-6 Electrical connections ............................................................... 533
740:53 Isolation, switching and control ............................................................ 533
740:53-6 Isolation and switching .............................................................. 533
740:55 Other equipment ................................................................................... 533
740:55-1 Low-voltage generating sets ...................................................... 533
740:55-6 Socket-outlets ........................................................................... 534
740:55-9 Luminaires and Lighting installation ......................................... 534
740:6 Verification ............................................................................................ 535
CHAPTER 750 LIFTS AND ESCALATORS .......................................................... 536
750:11 Scope ................................................................................................... 536
750:31 Purposes, supplies and structure ............................................................ 536
750:31-3 Supplies .................................................................................... 536
750:41 Protection against electric shock ........................................................... 536
750:41-1 Protective measure: automatic disconnection of supply .............. 536
750:A.41 Provision for basic protection ............................................................ 537
750:A.41-1 Basic Insulation of live parts .................................................. 537
750:B.41 Obstacles and placing out of reach ..................................................... 537
750:B.41-2 Obstacles ............................................................................... 537
750:B.41-3 Placing out of reach ............................................................... 537

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750:C.41-1 Protection by non-conducting locations .................................. 537

750:C.41-2 Protection by earth free local equipotential bonding ............... 537
750:42 Protection against thermal effects ......................................................... 537
750:44 Protection against voltage disturbances and electromagnetic disturbances537
750:44-3 Protection against overvoltages of atmospheric origin or due to
switching ...................................................................................... 537
750:5 Selection and erection of electrical equipment ......................................... 537
750:51 Common rules ...................................................................................... 537
750:51-2 Operational conditions and external influences .......................... 537
750:51-3 Accessibility ............................................................................. 537
750:51-4 Identification ............................................................................ 538
750:52 Wiring systems ..................................................................................... 538
750:52-1 Types of wiring systems ............................................................ 538
750:52-2 Selection and erection of wiring systems in relation to external
influences ..................................................................................... 539
750:52-6 Electrical connections ............................................................... 539
750:53 Isolation, switching and control ............................................................ 539
750:53-3 Devices for protection against overcurrent ................................. 539
750:55 Other equipment ................................................................................... 540
750:55-6 Socket-outlets ........................................................................... 540
750:55-9 Luminaires and lighting installations ......................................... 540
750:56 Safety services ...................................................................................... 540
750:56-1 .................................................................................................. 540
750:56-2 .................................................................................................. 540
750:56-3 .................................................................................................. 541
750:56-4 .................................................................................................. 541
750:6 Verification ............................................................................................ 541
750:61 Initial verification ................................................................................. 541
750:61-1 Examinations and tests .............................................................. 541
750:61-2 .................................................................................................. 541
CHAPTER 753 HEATING CABLES AND EMBEDDED HEATING SYSTEMS .... 543
753:11 Scope ................................................................................................... 543
753:4 Protection for safety ............................................................................... 543
753:41 Protection against electric shock ........................................................... 543
753:B.41 Obstacles and placing out of reach ............................................ 543
753:41-1 Protective measure: automatic disconnection of supply .............. 543
753:41-3 Protective measure: electrical separation ................................... 543
753:42 Protection against thermal effects ......................................................... 544
753:42-3 Protection against burns ............................................................ 544
753:42-4 Protection against overheating ................................................... 544
753:5 Selection and erection of electrical equipment ......................................... 544

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753:51 Common rules ...................................................................................... 544

753:51-1 Compliance with standards ........................................................ 544
753:51-4 Identification ............................................................................ 544
753:51-5 Prevention of mutual detrimental influences .............................. 544
753:52 Wiring systems ..................................................................................... 545
753:52-2 Selection and erection of wiring systems in relation to external
influences ..................................................................................... 545
Annex A.753 (normative) Information for the user of the installation.................... 546
PART EIGHT SPECIAL SYSTEMS ....................................................................... 548
CHAPTER 81 POWER FACTOR CORRECTION .................................................. 549
81-1
Scope ....................................................................................................... 549
81-2
Basic concepts of power factor ................................................................. 549
81-3
Advantages of power factor correction ...................................................... 549
81-4
Selection and erection of power factor correction equipment ..................... 549
81-4.1 Rated voltage ................................................................................ 549
81-4.2 Operating temperature ................................................................... 550
81-4.3 Selection ....................................................................................... 550
81-4.4 Erection of equipment ................................................................... 551
81-5 Effects of harmonics ................................................................................ 554
81-5.1 Resonance ..................................................................................... 554
81-5.2 Selection of capacitor specification ............................................... 555
81-6 Verification .............................................................................................. 555
81-6.1 Verification of installation ............................................................ 555
81-6.2 Verification of capacitors .............................................................. 555
Annex A.81 (informative) ...................................................................................... 560
A.81-1 Examples .............................................................................................. 560
A.81-1.1 Example on assessment of kVAR rating of the capacitors ........... 560
A.81-1.2 Examples on methods of Power Factor Correction...................... 560
A.81-1.3 Examples on harmonic – suppression ......................................... 562
CHAPTER 82 PROTECTION AGAINST LIGHTNING .......................................... 564
82-1 Scope ....................................................................................................... 564
82-2 Lightning current parameters .................................................................... 564
82-3 Damage due to lightning ........................................................................... 564
82-3.1 Damage to a structure .................................................................... 564
82-3.2 Types of loss ................................................................................. 566
82-4 Need and economic justification for lightning protection .......................... 566
82-4.1 Need for lightning protection ........................................................ 566
82-4.2 Economic justification of lightning protection ............................... 567
82-5 Protection measures ................................................................................. 567
82-5.1 General ......................................................................................... 567
82-5.2 Protection measures to reduce injury of living beings by electric shock567

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82-5.3 Protection measures to reduce physical damage ............................. 567

82-5.4 Protection measures to reduce failure of electrical and electronic
systems ......................................................................................... 568
82-5.5 Protection measures selection ........................................................ 568
82-6 Basic criteria for protection of structures .................................................. 568
82-6.1 General ......................................................................................... 568
82-6.2 Lightning protection levels (LPL) .................................................. 568
82-6.3 Lightning protection zones (LPZ) .................................................. 569
82-6.4 Protection of structures ................................................................. 570
CHAPTER 83 FIRE DETECTION AND PROTECTION SYSTEMS – ELECTRICAL
INSTALLATION REQUIREMENTS ............................................................... 578
83-1 Scope ....................................................................................................... 578
83-2 General requirements ............................................................................... 578
83-3 Electric power supply ............................................................................... 578
83-4 Wiring ..................................................................................................... 578
83-5 Testing and maintenance .......................................................................... 578
CHAPTER 84 ENERGY EFFICIENCY .................................................................. 579
84-1 Scope ....................................................................................................... 579
84-2 General .................................................................................................... 579
84-2.1 Fundamental principles ................................................................. 579
84-3 Sectors of activities .................................................................................. 580
84-4 Design requirements and recommendations ............................................... 580
84-4.1 General ......................................................................................... 580
84-4.2 Determination of load profile ........................................................ 580
84-4.3 Determination of the transformer and switchboard location with the
barycentre method ......................................................................... 580
84-4.4 MV/LV substation ......................................................................... 580
84-4.5 Losses in the wiring ...................................................................... 581
84-5 Determination of the zones, usages and meshes ........................................ 582
84-5.1 Determining the zones ................................................................... 582
84-5.2 Determining the usages within the identified zones ........................ 582
84-5.3 Determining the meshes ................................................................ 582
84-5.4 Impacts on distribution system design ........................................... 584
84-6 Energy efficiency and load management system ........................................ 584
84-6.1 General ......................................................................................... 584
84-6.2 Input from the user ........................................................................ 584
84-6.3 Inputs from loads, sensors and forecasts ........................................ 585
84-6.4 Inputs from the supplies: energy availability and pricing, smart
metering ....................................................................................... 586
84-6.5 Information for the user: monitoring the electrical installation ....... 586
84-6.6 Management of loads through the meshes ...................................... 586

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84-6.7 Multi-supply source management: grid, local electricity production

and storage ................................................................................... 587
84-7 Maintenance and enhancement of the performance of the installation ........ 587
84-7.1 Methodology ................................................................................. 587
84-7.2 Installation life cycle methodology ................................................ 588
84-7.3 Energy efficiency life cycle ........................................................... 588
84-8 Parameters for implementation of efficiency measures .............................. 588
84-8.1 General ......................................................................................... 588
84-8.2 Efficiency measures ...................................................................... 589
84-9 Actions .................................................................................................... 592
REFERENCED STANDARDS ............................................................................... 597

SBC 401-CR-18 xxxiv

SCOPE

PART ONE
SCOPE AND FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES

SBC 401-CR-18 1
SCOPE

CHAPTER 11
SCOPE

11-0.1 These Electrical Requirements apply c) any wiring systems and cables not
to design, erection and verification of specifically covered by the
electrical installations such as those of: standards for appliances;
a) residential premises; d) all consumer installations external to
b) commercial premises; the buildings;
c) public premises; e) fixed wiring for
telecommunications, signaling,
d) industrial premises; control and the like (excluding
e) agricultural and horticultural premises; internal wiring of apparatus);
f) prefabricated buildings; f) the extension or alteration of the
g) camping sites, tents caravans, and installation and also parts of the
similar sites; existing installation affected by the
extension or alteration;
h) construction sites, exhibitions, fairs
and other temporary installations; g) safety lighting circuits;
i) marinas and pleasure craft; h) electric sign and outline lighting;
j) hazardous locations; i) ction and alarm systems;
k) external lighting and similar j) lightning protection systems;
installations; k) power factor improvement systems;
l) medical locations; l) electric appliances;
m) photovoltaic systems; m) electric lifts and escalators.
n) low-voltage generating sets. 11-0.3 These Electrical Requirements do
NOTE “Premises” covers the land and all not apply to:
facilities including buildings belonging to it. a) electric traction equipment;
11-0.2 These Electrical Requirements b) electrical equipment of motor vehicles;
cover:circuits supplied at nominal voltages
c) electrical installations on board ships,
up to and including 1000 V ac or 1500 V dc;
mobile and fixed offshore platforms;
a) for ac, the frequencies, which are
d) electrical installations in aircraft;
taken into account in these Electrical
Requirements, is 60 Hz. The use of e) public street-lighting installations
other frequencies, for special which are supplied from the public
purposes, is not excluded; power network;
b) circuits, other than the internal wiring f) electrical installations in mines and
of apparatus, operating at voltages quarries;
exceeding 1000 V and derived from g) radio interference suppression
an installation having a voltage not equipment, except so far as it affects
exceeding 1000 V ac, e.g. electric safety of the installation;
signs, discharge lighting, h) electric fences;
electrostatic precipitators;

SBC 401-CR-18 2
SCOPE

i) electrical equipment of machines.

11-0.4 These Electrical Requirements are
not intended to apply to:
▪ systems for distribution of energy to the
public, or
▪ power generation and transmission for
such systems.
11-0.5 Electrical equipment is dealt with
only as far as its selection and application
in the installation are concerned.
This applies also to assemblies of electrical
equipment complying with the relevant
standards.
11-0.6 An assessment is made of the
following characteristics of the installation
in accordance with the chapter indicated:
▪ the purposes for which the installation is
intended to be used, its general structure
and its supplies (chapter 31);
▪ the compatibility of equipment (chapter
32);
▪ maintainability of equipment (chapter
32);
▪ the external influences to which it is to
be exposed (chapter 51).
Those characteristics shall be taken into
account in the choice of methods of
protection for safety (see chapter 41 to
chapter 44) and the selection and erection
of equipment (see chapter 51 to chapter 56).
NOTE for telecommunications
installations, account should be taken of any
SASO standards as well as publications of the
CCIT (Commission of Communications and
Information Technology) relevant to the type of
installation concerned.

SBC 401-CR-18 3
FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES

CHAPTER 12
FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES

12-1 Protection for safety 12-1.2.2 Fault p rotection (protection

against indirect contact)
12-1.1 General
Persons and livestock shall be protected
The requirements stated in this section are against dangers that may arise from contact
intended to ensure the safety of persons, with exposed-conductive-parts in case of a
livestock and property against dangers and fault.
damage, which may arise in the reasonable
use of electrical installations. This protection can be achieved by one of
the following methods:
NOTE in electrical installations, major types of
risk exist: ▪ preventing a fault current from passing
▪ electrical shocks; through the body of any person or any
livestock;
▪ excessive temperatures likely to cause
burns, fires and other injurious effects; ▪ limiting the fault current which can pass
through a body to a non-hazardous
▪ ignition of a potentially explosive
atmosphere; value;
▪ undervoltages, overvoltages and ▪ limiting the duration of a current
electromagnetic influences likely to cause or resulting from a fault, which can pass
result in injury or damage; through a body, to a non-hazardous time
period.
▪ power supply interruptions and/or
interruption of safety services; NOTE in connection with the
protection against indirect contact, the
▪ arcing, likely to cause blinding effects,
application of the method of equipotential
excessive pressure, and/or toxic gases;
bonding is one of the important principles for
▪ mechanical movement of electrically safety.
activated equipment.
12-1.3 Protection against ther mal effects
12-1.2 Protection against elect ric shock The electrical installation shall be so
12-1.2.1 Pr otection against direct contact arranged that there is no risk of ignition of
Persons and livestock shall be protected flammable materials due to high
against dangers that may arise from contact temperature or electric arc. In addition,
with live parts of the installation. during normal operation of the electrical
equipment, there shall be no risk of persons
This protection can be achieved by one of or livestock suffering burns.
the following methods:
12-1.4 Protection against overcur rent
▪ preventing a current from passing
through the body of any person or any Persons or livestock shall be protected
livestock; against injury and property shall be
protected against damage due to excessive
▪ limiting the current which can pass temperatures or electro-mechanical stresses
through a body to a non-hazardous caused by any overcurrents likely to arise in
value. live conductors.

SBC 401-CR-18 4
FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES

This protection can be achieved by one of consequence of undervoltage and any

the following methods: subsequent voltage recovery.
▪ automatic disconnection on the 12-1.6.4 The installation shall have an
occurrence of an overcurrent before this adequate level of immunity against
overcurrent attains a dangerous value electromagnetic disturbances so as to
taking into account its duration; function correctly in the specified
environment. The installation design shall
▪ limiting the maximum overcurrent to a
take into consideration the anticipated
safe value and duration.
electromagnetic emissions, generated by
12-1.5 Protection against fault cu r rents the installation or the installed equipment,
Conductors, other than live conductors and which shall be suitable for the current-using
any other parts intended to carry a fault equipment used with, or connected to, the
current shall be capable of carrying that installation.
current without attaining an excessive
temperature. Electrical equipment,
including conductors shall be provided with 12-1.7 Protection against power supply
mechanical protection against electro- inter r uption
mechanical stresses of fault currents as Where danger or damage is expected to
necessary to prevent injury or damage to arise due to an interruption of supply,
persons, livestock or property. suitable provisions shall be made in the
installation or installed equipment.
Live conductors shall be protected against
overcurrents arising from faults by the 12-2 Design
methods in 12-1.4. 12-2.1 General
NOTE particular attention should be For the design of the electrical installation,
given to PE conductor and earthing conductor
the following factors shall be taken into
currents.
account to provide:
12-1.6 Protection against voltage
distu r bances and measu res against ▪ the protection of persons, livestock and
elect romagnetic influences property in accordance with 12-1;

12-1.6.1 Persons and livestock shall be ▪ the proper functioning of the electrical
protected against injury and property shall installation for the use intended.
be protected against any harmful effects as The information required as a basis for
a consequence of a fault between live parts design is listed in 12-2.2 to 12-2.5. The
of circuits supplied at different voltages. requirements with which the design should
12-1.6.2 Persons and livestock shall be comply are stated in 12-2.6 to 12-2.12.
protected against injury and property shall 12-2.2 Char acteristics of available supply
be protected against damage as a or supplies
consequence of overvoltages such as those
When designing electrical installations in
originating from atmospheric events or
accordance with these Electrical
from switching.
Requirements it is necessary to know the
NOTE for protection against direct lightning characteristics of the supply. Relevant
strikes, see IEC 62305 series. information from the network operator is
12-1.6.3 Persons and livestock shall be necessary to design a safe installation
protected against injury and property shall according to these Electrical Requirements.
be protected against damage as a The characteristics of the power supply
should be included in the documentation to
show conformity with these Electrical

SBC 401-CR-18 5
FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES

Requirements. If the network operator ▪ requirements for control, signaling,

changes the characteristics of the power telecommunication and information
supply this may affect the safety of the technology, etc;
installation. ▪ anticipated future demands if specified.
12-2.2.1 Natu re of cur rent: ac and/or dc. 12-2.4 Elect ric supply systems for safety
12-2.2.2 Function of conductors: services or standby elect ric supply
▪ for ac: line conductor(s); systems
▪ source of supply (nature,
neutral conductor;
characteristics);
protective conductor.
▪ circuits to be supplied by the electric
▪ for dc: line conductor(s); source for safety services or the standby
midpoint conductor; electrical source.

protective conductor. 12-2.5 Environmental conditions

NOTE the function of some conductors may The design of the electrical installation
be combined in a single conductor. shall take into account the environmental
conditions to which it will be subjected, see
12-2.2.3 Values and tolerances: 51-2.2 of chapter 51.
▪ voltage and voltage tolerances; 12-2.6 Cross-section of conductors
▪ voltage interruptions, voltage The cross-section of conductors shall be
fluctuations and voltage dips; determined for both normal operating
▪ frequency and frequency tolerances; conditions and for fault conditions
according to:
▪ maximum current allowable;
a) their admissible maximum
▪ earth fault loop impedance upstream of
temperature;
the origin of the installation;
b) the admissible voltage drop;
▪ prospective short-circuit currents.
c) the electromechanical stresses likely to
12-2.2.4 Protective measures inherent in the
occur due to short-circuits;
supply, e.g. earthed (grounded) neutral
or mid-wire. d) other mechanical stresses to which the
conductors can be exposed;
12-2.2.5 Particular requirements of the
supply undertaking. e) the maximum impedance with respect
to the functioning of the protection
12-2.3 Natu re of demand
against fault currents;
The number and type of circuits required for
f) the method of installation.
lighting, HVAC, power, control, signaling,
information and communication NOTE the above listed items concern
technology, etc. are to be determined by: primarily with the safety of electrical
installations, cross-sectional areas greater than
▪ location of points of power demand; those required for safety may be desirable for
▪ loads to be expected on the various economic operation.
circuits; 12-2.7 Types of wiring and methods of
▪ daily and yearly variation of demand; installation
The choice of the types of wiring and the
▪ any special conditions;
methods of installation shall take into
account:

SBC 401-CR-18 6
FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES

▪ the nature of the locations; 12-2.11 Pr evention of mutual det rimental

influence
▪ the nature of the walls or other parts of
the building supporting the wiring; The electrical installation shall be arranged
in such a way that no mutual detrimental
▪ accessibility of wiring to persons and
influence will occur between the electrical
livestock;
installation and non-electrical installations
▪ voltage level; of the building.
▪ the electromechanical stresses likely to 12-2.12 Accessibility of elect rical
occur due to earth fault and short- equipment
circuits currents; The electrical equipment shall be arranged
▪ electromagnetic interference; so as to afford as may be necessary:
▪ other stresses to which the wiring can ▪ sufficient space for the initial
be exposed during the erection of the installation and later replacement of
electrical installation or in service. individual items of electrical
equipment;
12-2.8 Protective equipment
The characteristics of protective equipment ▪ accessibility for operation, testing,
shall be determined with respect to their inspection, maintenance and repair.
function, which may be, e.g., protection 12-2.13 Documentation for the electrical
against the effects of: installation
▪ overcurrent (overload, short- Every electrical installation shall be
circuit); provided with an appropriate
documentation.
▪ earth fault current;
12-3 Selection of electrical equipment
▪ overvoltage;
12-3.1 General
▪ undervoltage and no-voltage.
Every item of electrical equipment used in
The protective devices shall operate at electrical installations shall comply with
values of current, voltage and time, which the relevant SASO standards as are
are suitably related to the characteristics of appropriate. In the absence of
the circuits and to the possibilities of SASO standards, the equipment shall
danger. comply with the appropriate international
12-2.9 Emergency cont rol standards (IEC, ISO or ITU). Where, there
Where, in case of danger, there is a are no applicable standards, the item of
necessity for immediate interruption of equipment concerned shall be selected by
supply, an interrupting device shall be special agreement between the person
installed in such a way that it can be easily specifying the installation and the installer.
recognized and effectively and rapidly 12-3.2 Elect rical equipment
operated. cha r acteristics
12-2.10 Disconnecting devices Every item of electrical equipment selected
Disconnecting devices shall be provided so shall have suitable characteristics
as to permit switching and/or isolation of appropriate to the values and conditions on
the electrical installation, circuits or which the design of the electrical
individual items of apparatus as required for installation (see 12-2) is based on and shall,
operation, inspection and fault detection, in particular, fulfill the following
testing, maintenance and repair. requirements.

SBC 401-CR-18 7
FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES

12-3.2.1 Voltage operations. In this context, the factors,

Electrical equipment shall be suitable with which can have an influence, include
respect to the maximum steady voltage (rms ▪ power factor;
value for ac) likely to be applied, as well as
▪ in rush current;
overvoltages likely to occur.
NOTE for certain equipment, it may be
▪ asymmetrical load;
necessary to take account of the lowest voltage ▪ harmonics;
likely to occur.
▪ transient overvoltages generated by
12-3.2.2 Current equipment in the installation.
All electrical equipment shall be selected 12-4 Erection and verification of
with respect to the maximum steady current elect rical installations
(rms value for ac) which it has to carry in
normal service, and with respect to the 12-4.1 Erection
current likely to be carried in abnormal 12-4.1.1 For the erection of the electrical
conditions and the period (e.g. operating installation, good workmanship by suitably
time of protective devices, if any) during qualified personnel and the use of proper
which it may be expected to flow. materials shall be provided for.
12-3.2.3 Frequency 12-4.1.2 The characteristics of the electrical
If frequency has an influence on the equipment, as determined in accordance
characteristics of electrical equipment, the with 12-3, shall not be impaired in the
rated frequency of the equipment shall process of erection.
correspond to the frequency likely to occur 12-4.1.3 Conductors shall be identified in
in the circuit. accordance with these Electrical
12-3.2.4 Load factor Requirements and IEC 60445.
All electrical equipment, which are selected 12-4.1.4 Connections between conductors
on the basis of its power characteristics, and between conductors and other electrical
shall be suitable for the duty demanded of equipment shall be made in such a way that
the equipment, taking into account the load safe and reliable contact is ensured.
factor and the normal service conditions. 12-4.1.5 All electrical equipment shall be
12-3.3 Conditions of installation installed in such a manner that the designed
cooling conditions are not impaired.
All electrical equipment shall be selected so
as to withstand safely the stresses and the 12-4.1.6 All electrical equipment likely to
environmental conditions (see 12-2.5) cause high temperatures or electric arcs
characteristic of its location and to which it shall be placed or guarded so as to eliminate
may be exposed to. If, however, an item of the risk of ignition of flammable materials.
equipment does not have by design the Where the temperature of any exposed parts
properties corresponding to its location, it of electrical equipment are likely to cause
may be used on condition that adequate injury to persons, those parts shall be
additional protection is provided as part of located or guarded as to prevent accidental
the completed electrical installation. contact therewith.
12-3.4 Prevention of ha r mful effects 12-4.1.7 Where necessary for safety
purposes, suitable warning signs and/or
All electrical equipment shall be selected so
notices shall be provided.
that it will not cause harmful effects on
other equipment or impair the supply during 12-4.1.8 Where an installation is erected by
normal service including switching using new materials, inventions or methods
leading to deviations from the rules of these

SBC 401-CR-18 8
FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES

Electrical Requirements, the resulting

degree of safety of the installation shall not
be less than that obtained by compliance
with these Electrical Requirements.
12-4.1.9 In the case of an addition or
alteration to an existing installation, it shall
be determined that the rating and condition
of existing equipment, which will have to
carry any additional load, is adequate for
the altered circumstances. Furthermore, the
earthing and bonding arrangements, if
necessary for the protective measure
applied for the safety of the addition or
alteration, shall be adequate.
12-4.2 Initial verification
Electrical installations shall be tested and
inspected before being placed in service and
after any important modification to verify
proper execution of the work in accordance
with this Electrical Requirements (see Part
6).
12-4.3 Periodic verification
The person carrying out inspection and
testing shall make a recommendation for
subsequent periodic inspection and testing
(see Part 6).

SBC 401-CR-18 9
 PART TWO
DEFINITIONS AND ABBREVIATIONS

SBC 401-CR-18 10
DEFINITIONS

CHAPTER 21
DEFINITIONS

This chapter contains a brief definition of the presence of highly flammable substances.
each of the selected vocabularies mentioned Agricultural and horticultural premises include,
in this Electrical Requirements. for example:
▪ housing for animals such as cattle, pigs,
(A) horses, sheep, goats and chicken-houses
including adjacent rooms (e.g. feed
AC side processing locations, milking-machine
Part of a PV installation from the ac locations, milk-storage rooms);
terminals of the PV inverter to the point of ▪ barns, stores and storerooms for hay,
connection of the PV supply cable to the straw, feed, fertilizers, grain, potatoes,
electrical installation. beets, vegetables, fruits, ornamental
plants, fuels, greenhouses;
Accessibility of equipment
▪ locations where agricultural and
Every piece of equipment which requires horticultural products are produced and
operation or attention by a person shall be prepared and processed commercially
installed that adequate and safe means of and/or in bulk (drying, stewing, pressing
access and working space are afforded for out, fermenting, butchering, meat
such operation or attention. processing etc.).
Accessory
A device, other than current-using Air terminal (for lightning protection)
equipment, associated with an equipment or A strike termination device that is
with the wiring of an installation. essentially a point receptor for attachment
of flashes to the lightning protection
Active power system. Typical air terminals are formed of
The delivered power that is used or a tube or solid rod. Air terminals are
converted to a useful power or is dissipated sometimes called lightning rods.
in the form of heat by a network or system.
Ambient temperature
Agricultural and horticultural premises Average temperature of air or another medium
in the vicinity of the equipment.
Rooms, locations or areas where: NOTE during the measurement of the
▪ livestock are kept; ambient temperature the measuring
▪ feed, fertilizers, vegetable and animal instrument/probe should be shielded from
products are produced stored, prepared draughts and radiant heating.
or processed;
▪ plants are grown, such as greenhouses. Amusement device
NOTE in agricultural and horticultural
premises special requirements for the selection Ride, stand, textile or membrane building,
and erection of electrical equipment apply due side stall, side show, tent, booth,
to special external influences, e.g. influence of grandstand intended for the entertainment
moisture, dust, aggressive chemical vapours, of the public.
acids or salts on electrical equipment. In
addition an increased fire risk may exist due to

SBC 401-CR-18 11
DEFINITIONS

Apparent power Automatic disconnection of supply

The power delivered to a load without Interruption of one or more of the line
consideration of the effects of a power conductors, affected by the automatic
factor angle of the load. It is determined operation of a protective device in case of a
solely by the product of the terminal voltage fault.
and current of the load.
Auxiliary circuit
Appliance Circuit for transmission of signals intended
Any device which utilizes electricity for a for control, detection, supervision or
particular purpose, excluding a lighting measurement of the functional status of a
fitting or an independent motor. main circuit.
Applied part
(B)
Part of the medical electrical equipment
which in normal use: Barrier
▪ necessarily comes into physical contact A part providing protection against direct
with the patient for the equipment to contact from any usual direction of access.
perform its function, or
▪ can be brought into contact with the Basic insulation
patient, or Insulation applied to live parts to provide
▪ needs to be touched by the patient. basic protection against electric shock and
which does not necessarily include
Approved insulation used exclusively for functional
Acceptable to the authority having purposes.
jurisdiction or accreditation.
Basic protection
Arm’s reach
For low-voltage installations, systems and
A zone extending from any point on a
equipment protection against electric shock
surface where persons usually stand or
under fault-free conditions, and generally
move about, to the limits, which a person
corresponds to protection against direct
can reach with the hand in any direction
contact.
without assistance e.g. from tools or from a
ladder.
Basic safety insulation
Arrangements for livestock keeping The insulation necessary for basic
protection against electric shock, and for
Buildings and rooms (housing for animals), the proper functioning of equipment.
cages, runs or other containers used for
continuous accommodation of livestock. Basin of fountain
Part of the fountain which collects
Associated apparatus (in hazardous
discharged water.
locations)
NOTE see also 702.30.101.
Electrical apparatus in which the circuits or
parts of circuits are not all necessarily
intrinsically safe but which contains circuits Bonding
that can affect the safety of the intrinsically safe An electrical connection between an
circuits associated with it. electrically conductive object and a
component of a lightning protection system
that is intended to significantly reduce
potential differences created by lightning
currents.

SBC 401-CR-18 12
DEFINITIONS

By-pass equipotential bonding conductor

Bonding bar Earthing conductor connected in parallel
Bar by means of which the bonding with the screens of signal and/or data cables
conductors are interconnected (mutually in order to limit the current flowing through
connected). the screens.
Bonding conductor (C)
A conductor intended to be used for
potential equalization between earthed Cable
metal bodies and the lightning protection A conductor formed of a number of wires
system. stranded together.
Bonding network BN Cable channel
A set of interconnected conductive An enclosure situated above or in the
structures that provides an “electromagnetic ground, ventilated or closed, and having
shield” for electronic systems at dimensions which do not permit the access
frequencies from direct current (dc) to low of persons but allow access to the conduits
radio frequency (RF). and/or cables throughout their length during
and after installation. A cable channel may
Bonding ring conductor or may not form part of the building
An earthing bus conductor in the form of a construction.
closed ring.
NOTE normally the bonding ring conductor,
Cable coupler
as part of the bonding network, has multiple
connections to the CBN that improves its
A means enabling the connection, at will of
performance. two flexible cables. It consists of a
connector and a plug.
Booth Cable ducting
Unit, usually movable, intended to An enclosure of metal or insulating
accommodate equipment generally for material, other than conduit or cable
pleasure or demonstration purposes. trunking, intended for the protection of
cables, which are drawn-in after erection of
Breaking current capacity the ducting.
A value of current that a protective device
is capable of breaking at a specified voltage Cable ladder
and under prescribed conditions of use and A cable support consisting of a series of
operation. transverse supporting elements rigidly fixed
Building void to main longitudinal supporting members.
A space within the structure or the
components of building which can be Cable tray
accessible only at certain points. A cable support consisting of a continuous
base with raised edges and no covering. A
Busbar cable tray may or may not be perforated.
A low impedance conductor to which Cable trunking
several electric circuits can be separately A closed enclosure normally of rectangular
connected. cross-section, of which one side is
removable or hinged, used for the
protection of cables and for the

SBC 401-CR-18 13