AS level Physics Motion Answers

1. (a)
s s s 
 (iii) 
(v)

 
  t

(b)
(c)
s s s 
 
(i) v 
v v (vi) 
  
  t
 t t t


(ii) (iv)
a a a
  

 t t t




Total 22 marks

Page 1
AS level Physics Motion Answers

2. (a) (i) s = 0, u = 10.0ms-1, a = -9.8 ms-2, t = ?

s = ut + 12 at2 
1
0 = 10.0t  2  9.8 t2 = t(10.0 – 4.9t) 
10.0
t = 0 or t = = 2.0s (2 s.f.) 
4.9
[3]
2 2
(ii) v = u + 2as
v = 0, u = 10 ms-1, a = -9.8ms-2
0 = 10.02 – 2  9.8s 
10.0 2
s = = 5.1m 
2  9.8
[2]
(iii)
v/ ms-1
10


0
1.0 2.0 t/ s


-10
[3]
(iv)
a/ ms-2
10


0
1.0 2.0 t/ s

-10 
[2]

Total 10 marks

Page 2
AS level Physics Motion Answers

1
3. (a) Vertical motion: s = ut + 2 at2
1
0.20 = 0 + 2  9.8t2 
2  0 .2
t = = 0.20s 
9 .8
[2]
s 3.0
(b) Horizontal motion: ux =  = 15ms-1 
t 0.20
[2]

(c)
ux


V vv

Vertical final velocity: vv = uv + at = 0 + 9.8  0.20 = 1.96 ms-1 

Magnitude of total final velocity: V2 = ux2 + vv2 V = 15 2  1.96 2 
V = 15.1 ms-1 (15ms-1 to 2 s.f.) 
1.96
Angle:  = tan-1  = 7.4 below horizontal 
15
[6]

Total 10 marks

Page 3
AS level Physics Motion Answers

4. (a)
v

General shape correct 

Ratios correct, 1 : ½ : ¼ 
Slopes parallel 
[3]
(b)

Parabolic curves 
Reducing in size 
Ratio of heights, 1 : ¼ : 1/16 
[3]

Total 6 marks

Page 4
AS level Physics Motion Answers

1 1
5. (a) (i) Average speed = 2 (u + v)= 2 (24 + 0) = 12ms-1 
[2]
s 1
(ii) = 2 (u + v)
t
2s 2  48
t = = = 4.0s 
uv 0  24
[2]
v2  u2 0  24 2
(iii) a = = = - 6.0ms-2 
2s 2  48
vu 0  24
or: a = = = -6.0ms-2 
t 4.0
[2]

(b) (i) u = 48ms-1 a = -60ms-2

vu 0  48
t= =  = 8.0s 
a  6.0
[2]
2
v u 2
0  48 2
(ii) s =   = 192m 
2a  2  6.0
[2]

Total 10 marks

Page 5
AS level Physics Motion Answers

6. (a) s = vav  t = 10  0.5= 5.0m 

[2]

(b) (i) s = ?, u = 10ms-1, v = 0, a = -5.0ms-2

v2  u2 0  10 2
s= = = 10m 
2a  25
[2]

(ii) Total distance = thinking distance + braking distance = 5.0 + 10 = 15m 

[1]
(c)
v/ ms-1
10 

0.5 2.5
t/ s

vu 0  10
Time to come to rest: t =  = = 2.0s 
a  5. 0
[4]
(d) Thinking distance = u  t = 12  0.5 = 6.0m 
u = 12ms-1, v = 0, a = -5.0 ms-2, braking distance = sx
v2  u2 0  12 2 144
sx = = = = 14.4m 
2a  2  5.0 10
 Total stopping distance = 6.0 + 14.4 = 20.4m
 Car cannot stop before reaching line and stops 0.4m past it. 
[4]

Total 13 marks

7.

Page 6
AS level Physics Motion Answers

vv = 50ms-1

sv = 500m

sx
(a) uv = 0 ms-1, sv = 500m, a = 9.8ms-2 , t = ?
sv = uv + 12 at2
1
500= 0 + 2  9.8t2 
2  500
t = = 10.1s (10s to 2s.f.) 
9.8
[2]

(b) vv = uv + at = 0 + 9.8  10.1 = 99ms-1 

[2]
ux
(c)

vr vv


vr2 = ux2 + vv2

vr = 50 2  99 2 = 110ms-1 (2s.f.) 
u x 50
 = tan-1  = 26.8 (27 to 2 s.f.) 
v v 99
[4]
[4]
(d) sx = uxt = 50  10.1 = 505m (510 to 2s.f.) 
[2]
[2]

Total 10 marks

Page 7
AS level Physics Motion Answers

8. (a) (i) OA: Constant velocity of 2.0ms-1 (for 10s) 

(ii) AB: At rest for 10s 
(iii) BC: Acceleration from rest (for 5s) 
(iv) CD: Deceleration to rest (for 5s) 
(v) DE: At rest (for 10s) 
(vi) EF: Constant velocity towards starting point (-3.3ms-1 for 15s)
(vii)FG: Constant velocity backwards from starting point (-3.3ms-1 for 15s)
(viii) GH: Constant forwards velocity (5.0ms-1 for 10s) back to starting point 
[8]

(b)

s/ m E
50
D [7]
C
A B

0 F H
t/ s
10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80

-50
G

v/ ms-1
5 

  

0  
t/ s
10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80

-5

Total 15 marks

Page 8
AS level Physics Motion Answers

9. (a) (i) Relative speed = 30 – 20 = 10ms-1 

100
time = = 10s 
10
[2]

(ii) Distance = actual speed  time 

= 30  10 = 300m 
[2]

(iii) Distance = relative speed  time 

= 10  10 = 100m ahead 
[2]

v2  u 2 0  30 2
(b) (i) s = = = 450m 
2a  2  1 .0
[2]

(ii) Distance = lorry speed  time

v  u 0  30
Time to brake =  = 30s 
a 1
Distance = 20  30 = 600m 
[3]

(iii) Car starts braking 100m in front of lorry so comes to rest 100 + 450m,
ie. 550m  ahead of lorry’s starting position.
In same time, lorry travels 600m.
So lorry is 50m ahead of car when car comes to rest.
[2]

Total 13 marks

Page 9
AS level Physics Motion Answers

10.(a) (i) u=0, a = 9.8ms-2, s = 4.9m

v2 = u2 + 2as = 2  9.8  4.9 
v = 9.8ms-1 
[2]

(ii) s = ut + ½ at2
4.9 = 0 + ½  9.8 t2 
2  4.9
t= = 1.0s 
9.8

[2]

(b) (i) u = 9.8 / 2 = 4.9ms-1 Or if speed ÷ 2

v2  u2 0  4.9 2 the KE ÷ 4 KE v2
s=   = 1.2m (2 s.f.)  so find PE ÷ 4
2a 2  9.8
PE = mgs
 h ÷ 4. [2]
(ii) s = ut + ½ at2
0 = 4.9t - ½  9.8 t2 
0 = 4.9t(1 – t) 
t = 0, or t = 1.0s 
v  u 0  4.9
Or: Find time to top, t =  = 0.5s 
a 9.8
Total time = 2  0.5 = 1.0s 
[3]

(c)

v/ ms-1
4.9

10 20 t/ s
-4.9

-9.8
Velocity values correctly shown , constant gradient between 
[4]

Total 13 marks

Page 10
AS level Physics Motion Answers

11.(a) u = 0, a = 10ms-2 , t = 20s

v = u + at = 0 + 10  20 = 200ms-1 
[2]
(b) v2 = u2 + 2as
v2  u 2 200 2  0
s = =  = 2000m 
2a 2  10
Or: s = ½ at2 = ½  10  202 = 2000m 
[2]
2
v u 2
0  2002
(c) Further height: s = = = 2040m (3 s.f.) 
2a  2  9.8
Total height = 2000 + 2040 = 4040m = 4000m (2 s.f.) 
[3]

(d) v2 = u2 + 2as
v = 0  2  9.8  4040  = 280 ms-1 (2s.f.) 
[2]

2s 2  4040
(e) Time to fall back to earth is: t = = = 29s (2s.f.) 
a 9.8
vu 0  200
Time to reach max height after fuel used up is: t = = = 20.4s 
a  9. 8
Time for entire flight = 20 + 20.4 + 29 = 69.4s = 69s (2s.f.)
[4]

Total 13 marks

Page 11
AS level Physics Motion Answers

12.(a) (i) u = 0, s = 0.50m, t = 2.0  10-3s

s
= 1
2
 u  v 
t
2s 2  0.5
v = = = 500ms-1 
t 2.0  10 3
[2]

1
(ii) s = ut + 2 at2 u=0
2s 2  0.50
2 = (0.002) 2 = 2.5  10 ms 
5 -2
a=
t
[3]

(b) assuming constant deceleration

v2 = u2 + 2as

a = v2 - u2 but u = 0 so,
2s

a = v2 = 5002 = 5106 ms-2 
2s 22.510-2

F = ma = 1010-35106 = 50kN 
[3]

Total 8 marks

2s 2  19.6
13.(a) (i) t =   = 2s 
g 9.8
[2]

(ii) v = u + at = 0 + (9.8  2) = 19.6ms-1 

[2]

(iii) Distance travelled in first second: s = ½ gt2 = ½  9.8  12 = 4.9m

Altitude = 19.6 – 4.9 = 14.7m
[3]

(iv) After one second, v = u + gt = 0 + (9.8  1)= 9.8ms-1 

[2]

(e) Horizontal motion: s= vt = 0.5  2= 1m 

[2]

Total 11 marks

Page 12
AS level Physics Motion Answers

14.(a) (i)
v/ms-1
40

 

A B
t/s
100 200  300

[3]

(ii) Distance travelled 

[1]

(iii) Area A = 2  area B (same height, twice the base) 

Distance moved while acelerating = 23  total distance = 4000m 
[2]

2s 2  4000
(b) (i) Initial part v + u = v =   = 40ms-1
t 200
[2]

v  u 40  0
(ii) a =   = 0.2ms-2 
t 200
[2]

(iii) This will fall in acceleration phase

Then v2 = u2 + 2as = 0 + (2  0.2 3000) 
 v = 34.6ms-1  = 35ms-1 (2 s.f.)
[2]

Total 12 marks

Page 13
AS level Physics Motion Answers

1
15.(a) u = 0 Thus: h = 2 gT2
[2]

[2]

1
(b) Similarly 0.8h = 2 gt2
[1]

(c) t = T – 1
1
Thus from b) : 0.8h = 2 g(T2 – 1)2 
1.6h
 g
= T2 – 1 
2h
From a: T2 = g


 g  2  1.6  = 1 
h

Giving: h = 44.86g = 440m 

[5]

Total 8 marks

Page 14
AS level Physics Motion Answers

16.(a) 12

Distance/ m
10

0
0 0.5 1 Time/ s 1.5

Axes correct  Points plotted  Smooth curve 

[3]

(b) Increasing gradient  ball accelerating 

[2]

(c) (i) Draw tangent at t = 0.6s 

Gradient = 6 ms-1 (1 s.f.) 
[2]

(ii) Velocity of ball at time t = 0.6s 

[1]

v  u 6 0
(iii) g =   = 10ms-2 
t 0.6
[2]

Total 10 marks

Page 15
AS level Physics Motion Answers

17.(a) (i) v = u + at
40 = 70 + 10a 
-3ms-2 = a 
[2]

(ii) 70 = u – 3  10 
u = 70 + 30 = 100ms-1 
[2]

v 2  u 2 02  1002
(iii) s =   = 1670m (3 s.f.) 
2a 2  3

[2]

v  u 0  100
(iv) t    = 33s 
a 3
[2]

(b)

1670m
1500

1000
Distance/ m

500

0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
Time/ s

Axes labelled with suitable values 

Start and stop points correct 
Two other points calculated, e.g. t = 10s, s = 850m and t = 20s, s = 1400m 
Smooth parabolic curve 
[5]

Total 13 marks

Page 16