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Lab Activity #8

The pharmacist is responsible for the drug distribution functions in a hospital including controlling medicines on a 24-hour basis, ensuring adequate drug supplies, and promoting rational drug use. There are different drug distribution systems like floor stock, individual prescription order, and unit dose systems. Centralized distribution involves medicines distributed from a central pharmacy location while decentralized uses automatic dispensing cabinets on nursing units. The pharmacist must review medication orders to ensure they are appropriate for the patient. An order includes patient information, drug details, prescriber, and duration. Unit dose systems provide improved services and allow nurses more time for patient care.

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Kristelito Grace Marino
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45 views

Lab Activity #8

The pharmacist is responsible for the drug distribution functions in a hospital including controlling medicines on a 24-hour basis, ensuring adequate drug supplies, and promoting rational drug use. There are different drug distribution systems like floor stock, individual prescription order, and unit dose systems. Centralized distribution involves medicines distributed from a central pharmacy location while decentralized uses automatic dispensing cabinets on nursing units. The pharmacist must review medication orders to ensure they are appropriate for the patient. An order includes patient information, drug details, prescriber, and duration. Unit dose systems provide improved services and allow nurses more time for patient care.

Uploaded by

Kristelito Grace Marino
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Procedures:

a. Outline the responsibility of the pharmacist in the drug distribution functions.

 Distribution and control of medicines on a 24-hour service, including dangerous and


investigational drug products.
 Ensure availability of an adequate supply of medicines for the patients of the hospital.
 Ensure rational drug use and patient pharmaceutical care through the application of the “rule of
right.”

b. Differentiate the major drug distribution systems.

Drug Distribution System Characteristics


Floor Stock or Ward Stock System - the selected drugs are stored in the nursing
station in advance and the nurse is responsible for
all aspects of unit dose preparation, even the
administration and refilling of used items.
Combination of Individual Prescription Order and - the primary means of dispensing is Individual
Floor Stock System Prescription Order system, but combined with a
limited number of floor stock items.
Unit Dose Drug Distribution System (UDDDS) - pharmacy-coordinated dispensing method and
controlling medication.
- can be used for medications administered by any
route, but the most common is oral, parenteral,
and respiratory.

c. Distinguish the main differences between centralized and a decentralized drug distribution.

Centralized Drug Distribution Decentralized Drug Distribution


- A model that distributes medications from a - A model that distributes medications
centralized pharmacy location. from multiple Automatic Dispensing Cabinets
located on the nursing unit. Some models might
utilize a decentralized satellite pharmacy, but this
is not as common today.

Questions:

1. Briefly explain why the pharmacist must review a physician’s direct medication order.

The pharmacist must review the physician’s medication order to check if the prescription is appropriate
for the patient’s age, weight, and sex. The pharmacist must also review if the medications prescribed are
correct in form, dosage, and strength. And finally, the pharmacist needs to confirm the name of the
patient since there are risks of prescription mix-ups, because of patients with similar names; and this
could be particularly harmful.
2. List the information that is included on a medication order.

 Patient’s name
 Patient’s date of birth, medical record number
 Patient’s location and room number
 Date and time of the order
 The drug name, dose, route, frequency, and duration
 The prescriber’s name and signature

3. List five advantages of a unit-dose distribution system.

 Improved pharmaceutical service


 Nurses have more time for direct patient care
 Eliminates excessive duplication of orders and paper works at the nursing station
 Transfers the responsibility of IV preparations and drug reconstitution to the pharmacy
 The pharmacist may act as a drug consultant

4. Define the following:

a. Light-resistant container – a container–closure system that protects the contents from the effects
of light by virtue of the specific properties of the material of which it is composed, including any coating
applied to it.

b. Tamper-resistant packaging - a packaging system that may not be accessed without obvious
destruction of the seal or some portion of the packaging system.

c. Tight container - protects the contents from contamination by extraneous liquids, solids, or vapors;
from loss of the article; and from efflorescence, deliquescence, or evaporation under the ordinary or
customary conditions of handling, shipment, storage, and distribution, and is capable of tight reclosure.

d. Hermetic container – is impervious to air or any other gas under the ordinary or customary
conditions of handling, shipment, storage, and distribution.

e. Single-unit container - holds a quantity of a noninjection article intended for administration as a


single dose or a single finished device intended for use promptly after the packaging system is opened.

f. Single-dose container - a container-closure system that holds a sterile medication for parenteral
administration (injection or infusion) that is not required to meet the antimicrobial effectiveness testing
requirements.

g. Unit-dose container - a single-unit container-closure system for an article intended for


administration by other than the parenteral route as a single dose.
References:

Department of Health, (2012). Hospital Pharmacy Management Manual.

USP 44-NF 39. <659> Packaging and Storage Requirements.

Eckel, S.F., Man, J.E., and Eckel, F.M. (2014). Medication Distribution Systems.

Bowen, J.F. (n.d.). Prescriptions and Medication Orders.

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