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Translocation

eqwe

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18 views

Translocation

eqwe

Uploaded by

PJ
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Definition

Translocation- the transport


of photosynthates (from the
source to the sink), water,
and inorganic elements
within the plant system.

Transpirational stream-
upward movement of
solution from the roots
through the xylem in the
stem to the uppermost
leaves.
Cells involve?
– Xylem- conducts water and
inorganic elements from the
ground to the aerial parts of
the plant
• Tracheids
• Vessels elements

– Apoplastic transport
Cells involve?
– Phloem- conducts
photosynthates/assimilates
from the leaves (source) to
the other plant parts (sink).
• Sieve tubes- join to form a
continuous tube
• Companion cells- transport
photosynthates from cells in the
leaves into sieve tube elements
through plasmodesmata

– Symplastic transport
Source-Sink Relationship
Source:
Any exporting region
that produces sugars
above and beyond that
of its own needs

Sink:
Any area that does not
produce enough sugar
to meets its own needs
What are transported via the Phloem?
Categories of Translocation
A. Transport at the cellular
level (Diffusion)
1. Passive transport- occurs
when a solute molecule
diffuses across a membrane
down a concentration
gradient.
• No direct expenditure of
energy by the cell.
• Transport proteins embedded
in the membrane may
increase the speed at which
solutes cross.
2. Active transport occurs
when a solute molecule is
moved across a membrane
against the concentration
gradient.
• Energy requiring process.
• The proton pump is an
active transporter
important to plants.
Categories of Translocation
B. Short-Distance Transport at the Level of Tissues
and Organs
1. The symplast route. A symplast is the continuum of
cytoplasm within a plant tissue formed by the
plasmodesmata which pass through pores in the cell walls.

2. The apoplast route. An apoplast is the continuum between


plant cells which is formed by the continuous matrix of cell
walls.
Apoplastic versus Symplastic

Cell Cell
Categories of Translocation
C. Long-Distance Transport at the Whole-Plant
Level
1. Bulk flow- movement of water and solutes together
due to a pressure gradient driven by transpiration
stream

• Movement driven by pressure gradient.

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