Colina, Angela Kathryne V.

Name: ______________________________ Date: _______________

Year/Section: ________________________
Grade XI-AIR 10/02/21
Score: ______________

A. Enumerate the steps in the research process

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The steps in the research process are Identification of a Research Problem, Formulation of a
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Hypothesis, Review of Related Literature, Preparation of a Research Design, Actual Experimentation,
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Data Collection, Organization, and Processing, Analysis and Interpretation of Processed Data, and
Formulation of the Conclusion.
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B. Based on the criteria for selecting a research problem, which of the following topics is/are feasible to be
undertaken by a student researcher?

1. Absence of an irrigation system in a farm.

2. Lack of farm-to-market roads in a farming community
3. Proliferation of janitor fish in a river system
4. Decrease of fisherfolks in a fishing village
5. High cost of fertilizer
6. Lack of post-harvest facilities in a farm
7. Abundance of water lily in a river
8. Old folks using a certain herb to cure almost all ailments
9. Burning of farm wastes like rice straws
10. Fish dried under the sun are exposed to flies and other insects

Answer: (Use the specific numbers of each sentence)

1, 8, and 9
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C. Identify the problem and sub-problems in the following studies. Formulate also a hypothesis/es relevant
to the study.

1. The ability of two kinds of fertilizers to increase the yield of certain species of sugar cane is under
investigation. Six plots of sugar cane for experimentation are prepared.
Problem:
The main objective of the study is to find the ability of two kinds of fertilizers to increase the
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yield of certainb species of sugar cane.
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 Sub-problem/s:
This study seeks to find the effects of (a) an organic fertilizer on the increase of the yield of a
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certain species of sugar cane prepared in 6 plots, and (b) an inorganic fertilizer on the increase of the
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yield of a certain species of sugar cane prepared in 6 slots.
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Hypothesis:

Null:
(1) The organic fertilizer has no significant effect on the increase of yield on a certain species of sugar cane.
(2) The inorganic fertilizer has no significant effect on the increase of yield on a certain species of sugar cane.

Alternative:
(1) The organic fertilizer has a significant effect on the increase of yield of a certain species of sugar cane
prepared in 6 plots.
(2) The inorganic fertilizer has no significant effect on the increase of yield of a certain species of sugar cane.

Cause and Effect:

(1) If the organic fertilizer is applied, then it will increase the yield of a certain species of sugar cane. (2) If the
inorganic fertilizer is applied, then it will increase the yield of a certain species of sugar cane.

2. An investigation is done on the tensile strength of paper produced from talahib, cogon and corn
leaves. Two methods of producing pulp from the plant samples are compared. Ten samples of each
kind of plant source are prepared.
Problem:
The main objective of the study is to find the most effective method of producing pulp from
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the ten samples of each kind of plant source based on the tensile strength of paper produced from
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talahib, cogon and corn leaves
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Sub-problem/s:
This study seeks to find the effects of (a) mechanical method of producing pulp from the
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Ten samples of each kind of plant source based on the tensile strength of paper produced from
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talahib, cogon and corn leaves and (b) chemical method of producing pulp from the Ten samples of
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each kind of plant source based on the tensile strength of paper produced from talahib, cogon and
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corn leaves.

Hypothesis:

Null: H
(1) The mechanical method of producing pulp from the Ten samples of each kind of plant source has no
significant effect on the tensile strength of paper produced from talahib, cogon and corn leaves.
(2) The chemical method of producing pulp from the ten samples of each kind of plant source has no significant
effect on the tensile strength of paper produced from talahib, cogon and corn leaves.
.
 Alternative: Hypothesis:
(1) The mechanical method of producing pulp from the Ten samples of each kind of plant source has a
significant effect on the tensile strength of paper produced from talahib, cogon and corn leaves.
(2) The chemical method of producing pulp from the Ten samples of each kind of plant source has a significant
effect on the tensile strength of paper produced from talahib, cogon and corn leaves.

Cause and Effect: Hypothesis:

(1) If the mechanical method of producing pulp from the Ten samples of each kind of plant source is applied,
then the tensile strength of paper produced from talahib, cogon and corn leaves is affected.
(2) If the chemical method of producing pulp from the ten samples of each kind of plant source is applied, then
the tensile strength of paper produced from talahib, cogon and corn leaves is affected

3. Fifteen mice were used in investigating the effect of formalin-treated eggplants and tomatoes. Livers
of experimental and control mice were examined for abnormalities particularly lesions.
Problem:
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The main objective of this study id to find the effect of formalin-treated eggplants and
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tomatoes on the livers of the fifteen mice examined through its abnormalities particularly, lesions.
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Sub-problem/s:
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Specifically, this study seeks to find the effects of (a) formalin-treated eggplants on the livers
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of the 15 mice examines through its abnormalities particularly lesions, and (b) formalin-treated
tomatoes on the liver of the 15 mice examined through its abnormalities particularly lesions.
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Hypothesis:

Null:
(1) The formalin-treated eggplant has no significant effect on the mice’s liver.
(2) The formalin-treated tomato has no significant effect on the mice’s liver.

Alternative:
(1) The formalin-treated eggplant has a significant effect on the mice’s liver.
(2) The formalin-treated tomato has a significant effect on the mice’s liver.

Cause and Effect:

(1) If the formalin-treated eggplant is applied, then the mice’s liver will be affected.
(2) If the formalin-treated tomato is applied, then the mice’s liver will be affected
4. PSHS research students subjected the squash noodles they formulated to a sensory evaluation test.
Thirty panellists took part in the evaluation of the acceptability of the taste of the experimental and
control noodles using a rating scale.
Problem:
The main objective of the study is to find the effects of squash noodles on the sensory
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reactions based on the acceptability of taste on the thirty panelists measured by a rating scale.
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Sub-problem/s:
Specifically, this study seeks to find the effects of squash noodles on the sensory based on
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the acceptability of the taste on the thirty panelists measured by a rating scale.
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Hypothesis:

Null:
(1)The squash noodles have no significant effect on the sensory reactions based on the acceptability of taste on
the thirty panellists measured by a rating scale.

Alternative:
(2)The squash noodles have a significant effect on the sensory reactions based on the acceptability of taste on
the thirty panellists measured by a rating scale.

Cause and effect:

(3)If the squash noodles are consumed, then the sensory reactions based on the acceptability of taste on the
thirty panellists measured by a rating scale is affected.

5. Protein precipitation using salts, organic solvents, acids, and bases are being studied as various ways
of preparing leaf protein concentrate from the leaves of 30 water lilies.
Problem:
The main objective of this study id to find the most effective protein precipitation using
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salts, organic solvents, acids and bases, as various ways of preparing leaf protein concentrate from
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the leaves of 30 water lilies.
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Sub-problem/s:
Specifically, this study seeks to find the effects of (a) protein precipitation using salts, as a
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way of preparing leaf protein concentrate form the leaves of 30 water lilies, (b) protein precipitation
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using organic solvents, as a way of preparing leaf protein concentrate form the leaves of 30 water
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lilies, (c) protein precipitation using acids, as a way of preparing leaf protein concentrate form the
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leaves of 30 water lilies, and (d) protein precipitation using bases, as a way of preparing leaf protein
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concentrate form the leaves of 30 water lilies
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Hypothesis:

Null:
(1) Protein precipitation using salts have no significant effect on the leaf protein concentrate from the leaves
of 30 water lilies.
(2) Protein precipitation using organic solvents have no significant effect on the leaf protein concentrate from
the leaves of 30 water lilies.
(3) Protein precipitation using acids have no significant effect on the leaf protein concentrate from the leaves
of 30 water lilies.
(4) Protein precipitation using bases have no significant effect on the leaf protein concentrate from the leaves
of 30 water lilies.

Alternative:
(1) Protein precipitation using salts have a significant effect on the leaf protein concentrate from the leaves of
30 water lilies.
(2) Protein precipitation using organic solvents have a significant effect on the leaf protein concentrate from
the leaves of 30 water lilies.
(3) Protein precipitation using acids have a significant effect on the leaf protein concentrate from the leaves of
30 water lilies.
(4) Protein precipitation using bases have a significant effect on the leaf protein concentrate from the leaves of
30 water lilies.

Cause and effect:

(1) If salts are used in protein precipitation, then the leaf protein concentrate from the leaves of 30 water lilies
is affected.
(2) If organic solvents are used in protein precipitation, then the leaf protein concentrate from the leaves of 30
water lilies is affected.
(3) If acids are used in protein precipitation, then the leaf protein concentrate from the leaves of 30 water lilies
is affected.
(4) If bases are used in protein precipitation, then the leaf protein concentrate from the leaves of 30 water
lilies is affected.