COLLEGE OF CIVIL ENGINEERING
(EC220)
REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN
(ECS559)
PROFESSIONAL TALK REPORT
“BUILDING INFORMATION MODELLING (BIM) IN CIVIL
AND STRUCTURE ENGINEERING”
PREPARED FOR:
DR. NAZIRAH AB. WAHAB
NAME: NURUL NABILAH BINTI MOKTAR
STUDENT ID: 2018298246
CLASS: EC220 6A2
DATE: 18/7/2021
TABLE OF CONTENT
1.0 INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................................................. 1
2.0 CONTENT........................................................................................................................................... 2
2.1 FUNCTION OF BIM...................................................................................................................... 2
2.2 ADVANTAGES OF USING BIM ................................................................................................. 4
2.3 WORK PROCESS OF BIM IN CONSTRUCTION ................................................................... 5
3.0 CONCLUSION ................................................................................................................................... 8
REFERENCES
1.0 INTRODUCTION
Building Information Modelling (BIM) is one of the specialties in MTC company which
located at Bukit Jelutong, Shah Alam. BIM is an intelligent management of 3D model-based
process. It requires architecture, engineering and construction professional’s expertise to share
in one platform. BIM is considered as tool to plan, design, create and operate buildings and
infrastructure more efficiently. There are various types of software used in BIM which are
Autodesk Revit, AutoCAD civil CD, AutoCAD Structure Detailing and many more. However,
BIM Software that has been used for structure and infra work in MTCEC are Autodesk Revit
2021 and Autodesk CIVIL 3D 2020. BIM allows one to model not only the construction objects
themselves, but also their characteristics, as well as all possible changes in time. In practice, the
use of BIM technology is integrated into all stages of production and life support of buildings
which are data collection, design work, construction, equipment, operation, repair work and
demolition. That is, all the necessary information is located in the computer models as
architectural, construction, technological and economic.
A classification and review of the literature from 2000 to 2016 on building information
modeling (BIM) are provided in the work of Z. Pezeshki and S. A. S. Ivari. From the selected
journal, they classified BIM applications into ten different categories such as education system,
medical system, economic system, electrical and electronics system, traffic control, image
processing and feature extraction, manufacturing and system modeling, forecasting and
predictions, BIM enhancements and social sciences. For each of these categories, a review study
mentions on brief future outline. This study indicates mainly three types of future development
directions for BIM methodologies, domains and article types. First, BIM methodologies are
tending to be developed toward expertise orientation. Second, it is suggested that different
social science methodologies could be implemented using BIM as another kind of expert
methodology and last but not least the ability to continually change and learning capability is
the driving power of BIM methodologies and will be the key for future intelligent applications.
It is shown how various methodologies of BIM were developed during this period.
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2.0 CONTENT
2.1 FUNCTION OF BIM
There are various functions of BIM that have been applied. One of the function is for
facilities management (FM). Facilities Management is a multi-disciplinary field encompassing
multi-disciplines to ensure the functionality of built environment by integrating people, place,
process and technology (Cotts et al., 2009). In scenarios such as major relocation of
organizations into new buildings, FM for the building lifecycle is the key aspects that should
be conducted effectively and efficiently (Nazali et al., 2009). Next function of BIM is for
sustainable building design. Because of global environmental concerns, sustainable design has
become a mainstream building design goal in recent years. Sustainable development is even
more urgent in the light of global climate change. BIM is found to be ideally suited to the
delivery of information needed for improved design and building performance. Two most
significant benefits of BIM for sustainable building design are: integrated project delivery (IPD)
and design optimization. However, there are also barriers to adopting BIM for sustainable
design. BIM solutions can contribute to the selection of best solutions to reduce energy and
resources consumption.
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2.2 ADVANTAGES OF USING BIM
BIM is used for creating and managing data during the design, construction, and
operations process. BIM integrates multi-disciplinary data to create detailed digital
representations that are managed in an open cloud platform for real-time collaboration. Using
BIM gives greater visibility, better decision-making, more sustainable options, and cost-savings
on architecture, engineering, and construction (AEC) projects. BIM is used in construction
industry to do works such as Design Review, Site Analysis, 3D Coordination, Asset
Management, Existing Condition Modelling, Programming, 3D Control and Planning, Lighting
Analysis, Cost Estimation, Code Validation, Design Authoring, Civil Engineering Analysis,
Structural Analysis, Disaster Planning, Building System Analysis and many more. The
advantages of BIM implementation are able to fulfil client’s requirement better, consolidating
information into a single database, speed up the process of design and acquisition, enhancing
collaboration between teams involved in construction and able to avoid errors in designing and
constructing (Clash-free).
The benefits of BIM are through connecting teams, workflows, and data across the entire
project lifecycle, from design and engineering to construction and operations, to realize better
ways of working and better outcomes. For instance, BIM can detect clash in a construction
design. Models from Autodesk Revit and Autodesk Civil3D can be converted and imported into
Autodesk Navisworks (nwc, nwd format). Upon conversion, with the same model coordinates
(from Revit & Civil3D, models from both software could be combined and clashing can be
detected (if any). Clash models will be fixed in Revit / Civil3D then converted into Navisworks
again to achieve ‘Clash Free Model ‘.
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According to the UN, by 2050 the world's population will be 9.7 billion. The global AEC
industry must look to smarter, more efficient ways to design and build not just as a means to
keep up with global demand but to help create spaces that are smarter and more resilient too.
BIM not only allows design and construction teams to work more efficiently, but it allows them
to capture the data they create during the process to benefit operations and maintenance
activities. This is why BIM mandates are increasing across the globe. BIM is revolutionizing
the way projects are delivered across industries, adding intelligence and efficiency to project
execution and connecting teams, data, and workflows at every stage of the project in the cloud
for better project outcomes.
2.3 WORK PROCESS OF BIM IN CONSTRUCTION
The process of BIM supports the creation of intelligent data that can be used throughout
the lifecycle of a building or infrastructure project. Few stages how BIM works are:
a) Plan - Inform project planning by combining reality capture and real-world data to
generate context models of the existing built and natural environment.
b) Design - During this phase, conceptual design, analysis, detailing and documentation
are performed. The preconstruction process begins using BIM data to inform scheduling
and logistics.
c) Build - During this phase, fabrication begins using BIM specifications. Project
construction logistics are shared with trades and contractors to ensure optimum timing
and efficiency.
d) Operate - BIM data carries over to operations and maintenance of finished assets. BIM
data can be used down the road for cost-effective renovation or efficient deconstruction
too.
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With BIM technology, an accurate virtual model of a building is digitally constructed.
This model, known as a building information model, can be used for planning, design,
construction, and operation of the facility. It helps architects, engineers, and constructors
visualize what is to be built in a simulated environment to identify any potential design,
construction, or operational issues. BIM represents a new paradigm within AEC, one that
encourages integration of the roles of all stakeholders on a project. In this paper, current trends,
benefits, possible risks, and future challenges of BIM for the AEC industry are discussed. The
findings of this study provide useful information for AEC industry practitioners considering
implementing BIM technology in their projects.
The architecture, engineering, and construction (AEC) industry has long sought
techniques to decrease project cost, increase productivity and quality, and reduce project delivery
time. Building information modeling (BIM) offers the potential to achieve these objectives
(Azhar, Nadeem et al. 2008). BIM simulates the construction project in a virtual environment.
With BIM technology, an accurate virtual model of a building, known as a building information
model, is digitally constructed. When completed, the building information model contains
precise geometry and relevant data needed to support the design, procurement, fabrication, and
construction activities required to realize the building (Eastman et al. 2008). After completion,
this model can be used for operations and maintenance purposes.
A building information model characterizes the geometry, spatial relationships,
geographic information, quantities and properties of building elements, cost estimates, material
inventories, and project schedule. The model can be used to demonstrate the entire building life
cycle (Bazjanac 2006). As a result, quantities and shared properties of materials can be readily
extracted. Scopes of work can be easily isolated and defined. Systems, assemblies, and
sequences can be shown in a relative scale within the entire facility or group of facilities.
Construction documents such as drawings, procurement details, submittal processes, and other
specifications can be easily interrelated (Khemlani et al. 2006).
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BIM can be viewed as a virtual process that encompasses all aspects, disciplines, and
systems of a facility within a single, virtual model, allowing all design team members (owners,
architects, engineers, contractors, subcontractors, and suppliers) to collaborate more accurately
and efficiently than using traditional processes. As the model is being created, team members
are constantly refining and adjusting their portions according to project specifications and
design changes to ensure the model is as accurate as possible before the project physically
breaks ground (Carmona and Irwin 2007). Data sharing is applied in BIM between the facility
manager, owner, erector, general contractor, site manager, fabricator, architect, mechanical
engineer, detailer and structural engineer either via Cloud, Sharedrive or AUTODESK
BIM360.
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3.0 CONCLUSION
It is important to note that BIM is not just software. It is a process and software. BIM means
not only using three-dimensional intelligent models but also making significant changes in the
workflow and project delivery processes. BIM represents a new paradigm within AEC, one that
encourages integration of the roles of all stakeholders on a project. It has the potential to promote
greater efficiency and harmony among players who, in the past, saw themselves as adversaries.
BIM also supports the concept of integrated project delivery, which is a novel project delivery
approach to integrate people, systems, and business structures and practices into a collaborative
process to reduce waste and optimize efficiency through all phases of the project life cycle.
From the talk, a lot of knowledge gained that will help future engineers to have a better
understanding of BIM to ensure the quality of construction industry in the country. For instance,
without BIM, construction of a building could take a long time since the design process which
does not use BIM as a platform to design will slow down the progress. Besides, with the use of
BIM in the construction, it will be easier in cost estimating because BIM software has built-in
cost estimating features. Material quantities are automatically extracted and updated when any
changes are made in the model. Next, for construction sequence, a building information model
can be effectively used to coordinate material ordering, fabrication, and delivery schedules for
all building components. In a nutshell, the benefits of BIM that have been shared in the talk, it
will encourage the students to have an interest in BIM software usage and to have a thought of
how importance BIM are in the construction industry.
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REFERENCES
Zahra Pezeshki (2016). “Applications of BIM: A Brief Review and Future Outline”.
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11831-016-9204-1\ .
Salman Azhar (2011). “Building Information Modeling (BIM): Trends, Benefits, Risks, and
Challenges for the AEC Industry”
https://ascelibrary.org/doi/10.1061/%28ASCE%29LM.1943-5630.0000127
