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Test Procedure - CT & PT

This document provides test procedures for current transformers (CTs) and potential transformers (PTs): 1. It describes 5 key tests - secondary winding resistance, insulation resistance, polarity check, current/voltage ratio, and knee point voltage. 2. The procedures provide details on how to measure and record values for each test, and what limits the measurements should meet. 3. The tests are intended to verify specifications, check for issues like discontinuities, and ensure proper connections and phase identification between primary and secondary windings.

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mayur dhande
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6K views

Test Procedure - CT & PT

This document provides test procedures for current transformers (CTs) and potential transformers (PTs): 1. It describes 5 key tests - secondary winding resistance, insulation resistance, polarity check, current/voltage ratio, and knee point voltage. 2. The procedures provide details on how to measure and record values for each test, and what limits the measurements should meet. 3. The tests are intended to verify specifications, check for issues like discontinuities, and ensure proper connections and phase identification between primary and secondary windings.

Uploaded by

mayur dhande
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Consultancy |Third party Inspection |RLA | Testing & Commissioning |Training in Power Sector

TEST DESCRIPTION & PROCEDURE FOR CT & PT

Page No.

A. Current Transformer & Voltage Transformer

Secondary Winding Resistance of CT & PT 2

Insulation Resistance of CT & PT 3

Polarity Check of CT & PT 4

Current Ratio of CT & Voltage Ratio of PT 5

Knee Point Voltage of CT 6


2

Consultancy |Third party Inspection |RLA | Testing & Commissioning |Training in Power Sector

A. Current Transformer & Potential Transformer


Testing to be carryout:

a. Secondary Winding Resistance Test


b. Insulation Resistance Test
c. Polarity Check
d. Current Ratio Test / Voltage Ratio Test
e. Excitation Characteristics (Knee Point Voltage) Test of CT

a. Secondary Winding Resistance

Secondary winding resistance test is to verify the CT & PT secondary winding resistance with
specified one and no discontinuity in the winding, This value can be used in other calculations.

Measure the D.C. resistance value across the CT & PT secondary and record. The same shall be
done for all taps and cores. These values are infuenced by temperature, so ambient temperature
must be recorded during this test.
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Consultancy |Third party Inspection |RLA | Testing & Commissioning |Training in Power Sector

b. Insulation Resistance Test

Insulation tester leads shall be connected between one phase conductor and earth. Test voltage
shall be select according to combinationa and voltage class.

Primary to Earth Primary to Secondary Cores

Secondary to Earth Secondary Core to Core

Before disconnecting the test leads test object shall be discharged through ground. The same
procedure shall be followed for other phases.

LIMITS
Value of insulation resistance should meet the manufacturer minimum. If this value is not
available, the component tested should have at least one Meg ohm for every 1000 volts of
rated voltage plus an additional one Meg ohm.
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Consultancy |Third party Inspection |RLA | Testing & Commissioning |Training in Power Sector

c. Polarity Check

Polarity test is to confirm the polarity marking on the CT & PT primary and secondary and verify it is
matching with drawing. More ever it is giving an idea, how to connect the secondaries to make the
protection (like directional, differential) and metering function properly.

Close and open the battery switch connected on the primary. Observe the pointer is moving +ve
direction, while closing and -ve direction while opening for correct polarity.
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Consultancy |Third party Inspection |RLA | Testing & Commissioning |Training in Power Sector

d. Current Ratio Test / Voltage Ratio Test

This test is to ensure the CT & PT circuits are properly connected with respected cores and there is
no mix up in the circuit (phase identification).

The circuit connections shall be made as shown in Fig below.


Inject 20% to 80% of rated primary current / voltage between CT / PT Primary terminals P1 and P2.
Measure secondary current / voltage at all points of CT / PT circuits. It shall be done for other
phases.

Core identification:
When one CT / PT is having several cores used for different purposes. The cores can be identified
during primary injection test by shorting the one of the core at CT / PT terminal itself and check
there is no current only at relevant load. The same can be verified for other cores.
Inject 20% to 80% of rated primary current / voltage between phase to phase with all connected
burden. Measure secondary current at all points of CT / PT circuits. It shall be done for other phases.
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Consultancy |Third party Inspection |RLA | Testing & Commissioning |Training in Power Sector

e. Magnetization Curve Characteristics (Knee Point Voltage) Test of CT

Magnetization Curve test is to confirm the magnetization characteristics of CT with name plate
specification.

This test shall be conducted before ratio test and after secondary resistance and polarity test, since
residual magnetism left in the core due to DC test (polarity, resistance), which leads additional error
in ratio test.

The circuit connection shall be made as shown Fig below. The primary should be open during test.

Demagnetization:
Before start the test demagnetize the core by Inject voltage on secondary terminals and increase up to where
considerable increment in current with small voltage increment. Now start decreasing the voltage to zero, the rate
at which increased.

Magnetization test:
Now increase the voltage and monitor the excitation current up to the CT reaching near to saturation point.
Record the reading of voltage and current at several points. Plot the curve and evaluate the Vk and Image from
the graph.

Limits:
Class X CT:
The obtained Vk should be greater than specified one; magnetizing current should be less than specified one.
Protection class CT:
The secondary limiting voltage can be calculated as follow
Vk = (VA * ALF)/ Is
Is - rated secondary current
VA- rated CT burden
ALF-Accuracy limit factor

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