Chapter 8: Test of Hypothesis

EXERCISE: HYPOTHESIS TESTING

1. The mean lifetime of a sample of 100 fluorescent light bulbs produced by a company
is computed to be 1570 hours with a standard deviation of 120 hours. If  is the
mean lifetime of all the bulbs produced by the company, test the hypothesis   1600
hours against the alternative hypothesis   1600 hours, using a level of significance
(a) 0.05, (b) 0.01.

2. A random sample of 36 drinks from a soft-drink machine has an average content of

7.4 units with a standard deviation of 0.48 unit. Test the hypothesis that   7.5
units against the alternative hypothesis   7.5 at the 0.05 level of significance.

3. The average height of males in the freshman class of a certain college has been 174.0
cm, with a standard deviation of 6.9 cm. Is there reason to believe that there has
been a change in the average height if a random sample of 50 males in the present
freshman class has an average height of 177.0 cm? Use a 0.02 level of significance.

4. It is claimed that an automobile is driven on the average not more than 12,000 km
per year. To test this claim, a random sample of 100 automobile owners are asked
to keep a record of the km they travel. Would you agree with this claim if the random
sample showed an average of 14,500 km and a standard deviation of 2400 km? Use
a 0.01 level of significance.

5. The mean mass of 50 male students who showed above average participation in
college athletics was 68.2 kg with a standard deviation of 2.5 kg, while 50 male
students who showed no interest in such participation had a mean mass of 67.5 kg
with a standard deviation of 2.8 kg. Test whether male students who participate in
college athletics are more massive than other male students. Use a 0.05 level of
significance.

6. Test the hypothesis that the average weight of containers of a particular lubricant is
10 grams if the weights of a random sample of 10 containers are 10.2, 9.7, 10.1,
10.3, 10.1, 9.8, 9.9, 10.4, 10.3 and 9.8 grams. Use a 0.01 level of significance and
assume that the distribution of weights is normal.

7. It is claimed that the average nicotine content of a cigarette does not exceed 17.5
milligrams. To test the claim, the nicotine contents in milligrams of 8 randomly
selected cigarettes were examined.

21.0 16.2 21.5 20.9

15.7 16.3 17.8 19.4

Is it in line with the manufacturer’s claim? Use a 10% significance level.

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 Chapter 8: Test of Hypothesis

8. A male student will spend, on the average, $8 for a Saturday evening fraternity party.
Test the hypothesis at the 0.1 level of significance that   $8 against the alternative
  $8 if a random sample of 12 male students attending a homecoming party
showed an average expenditure of $8.90 with a standard deviation of $1.75. Assume
that the expenses are approximately normally distributed.

9. A taxi company is trying to decide whether to purchase brand A or brand B tyres for
its fleet of taxis. To help arrive at a decision an experiment is conducted using 12
of each brand. The tyres are run until they wear out. The results are:

Brand A : x  23,600 miles, S x  3,200 miles

Brand B : y  24,800 miles, S y  3,700 miles

Test the hypothesis at the 0.05 level of significance that there is no difference in the
two brands of tyres. Assume the two populations to be approximately normal with
equal variances.

10. A manufacturer of cigarettes claims that 20% of the cigarette smokers prefer brand
X. To test this claim a random sample of 100 cigarette smokers are selected and
asked what brand they prefer. If 30 of the 100 smokers prefer brand X, what
conclusion do we draw? Use a 0.01 level of significance.

11. A random sample of 100 men and 100 women at a college are asked if they have an
automobile on campus. If 31 of the men and 24 of the women have cars, can we
conclude that more men than women have cars on campus? Use a 0.01 level of
significance.

12. In a study on the comparison of sorbic acid in ham before and after storage, the
following data on sorbic acid residuals in parts per million of 8 slices of ham
immediately after dipping in a sorbate solution and after 60 days of storage were
recorded.

Sorbic Acid Residuals

Slice Before Storage After Storage
1 224 116
2 270 96
3 400 239
4 444 329
5 590 437
6 660 597
7 1400 689
8 680 576

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 Chapter 8: Test of Hypothesis

Assuming the populations to be normally distributed, is there sufficient evidence, at

the 0.05 level of significance, to say that the length of storage influences sorbic acid
residual concentrations?

EXERCISE: CHI-SQUARE TESTS

1. The grades in a statistics course for a particular class were as follows:

GRADE A B C D E
f 14 18 32 20 16

Test the hypothesis, at the 0.05 level of significance, that the distribution of grades
is uniform.

2. A manufacturer of fashion garment for the younger age group suspects that the
market for his product has changed recently. Sales records for previous years show
that 15% of buyer were below 17 years of age, 36% were 18-21 of age, 28% were
22 to 25 years and 21% were over 25. A random sample of 220 recent buyers,
however, showed the following results:

Age Under 17 18-21 22-25 Over 25

f 35 80 65 40

Carry out a 2 test at 0.05 level of significance to determine whether the above
observations are consistent with the sales records.

3. It is often not clear whether all properties of a binomial experiment are actually met
in a given application. A goodness-of-fit test is desired in such cases. Suppose an
experiment consisting 4 trials was repeated 120 times with number of successes as
follows. Let  = 0.05 and test the hypothesis that the distribution is binomial.

Number of successes 0 1 2 3 4
Observed Frequency 19 53 33 11 4

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 Chapter 8: Test of Hypothesis

4. The time to train new employees to use the existing semi-automatic equipment of a
large manufacturing company is thought to be approximately normally distributed.
A sample of 100 new employees in the past 6 months revealed the following
information:

Training time (hours) Frequency

4.4 – less than 4.6 9
4.6 – less than 4.8 16
4.8 – less than 5.0 27
5.0 – less than 5.2 21
5.2 – less than 5.4 18
5.4 – less than 5.6 9

Test the hypothesis that the time to train new employees is normally distributed with
 = 0.05.

5. A random sample of 200 retired married men was classified according to education
and number of children.

Number of Children
Education 0-1 2-3 Over 3
Elementary 14 37 32
Secondary 19 42 17
College 12 17 10

Test the hypothesis, at the 0.05 level of significance, that the size of a family is
independent of the level of education attained by the father.

6. A marketing researcher wishes to investigate whether there is any relationship

between different groups of people (i.e. Men, Women and Children) and their
reaction to the flavour of a new soft-drink. An opinion survey was conducted among
a random sample of 500 people. The interviewees were given the new brand of soft-
drink to taste and their feedbacks were tabulated as follows:

People
Men Women Children
The Like flavour 63 66 81
interviewee’s Dislike flavour 88 54 74
taste No opinion 20 32 22

Use the 0.05 level of significance to test the null hypothesis that there is no
association between different groups of people and their reaction to the flavour of
the new soft-drink.