1

THE NATIONAL SERVICE - is designed to train the students to teach

literacy and numeracy skills to school children,
TRAINING PROGRAM out of school youth and other segments of
society in need of their services.
DISCUSSIONS/LESSON PROPER
Who shall take the NSTP?
Legal Bases of NSTP
All incoming freshmen students, male and
 The 1987 Philippine Constitution
female, enrolled in any baccalaureate and in at
 Commonwealth Act No. 1 (National least two (2) year technical-vocational or
Defense Act) associate courses, are required to complete one
 Presidential Decree No. 1706 (1) NSTP component of their choice as a graduate
(National Service Law) requirement.
 d. Republic Act No. 7077 (The Citizen
Armed Forces of the Philippines Reservist How will the NSTP be taken up?
Law)
Each of the NSTP components shall be
 e. Republic Act No. 9163 (NSTP Act of
undertaken for an academic period of two (2)
2001)
semesters and credited for three (3) units per
What is the National Service Training Program semester with 54 to 90 training hours per
Law? semester.

The National Service Training Program (NSTP) What if the NSTP program component chosen by
Law as embodied in Republic Act 9163 is a a student is not offered in his/her school?
program aimed at enhancing civic consciousness
School that do not meet the required number of
and defense preparedness in the youth by
students in order to conduct a program
developing the ethics of service and patriotism
component or do not offer the component
while undergoing training in any of its three (3)
chosen by the students shall allow them to cross-
program components specifically designed to
enroll to other schools irrespective of whether
enhance the youth’s active contribution to the
that school is under CHED or TESDA and for
general welfare.
ROTC, whether they are managed by different
FAQs about NSTP AFP branches of service. These students,
however, shall be subjected to the existing rules
What are the 3 Program components of the and regulations of their original school and the
NSTP? accepting school.
Reserve Officers Training Corps (ROTC) What if a male student has completed two
- is designed to provide military training to semester of E-ROTC/NSP?
tertiary level students in order to motivate, train, He is deemed to have complied with the NSTP
and mobilize them for national defense requirements.
preparedness.
What will become of NSTP Graduates?
What are the 3 Program components of the
NSTP? Graduates of the non-ROTC components shall
belong to the National Service Reserve Corps
Literacy Training Service (LTS) (NSRC) that could be tapped by the state for
2

literacy and civic welfare activities. Graduates of and DND shall exercise joint supervision over its
the ROTC component shall form only part of the implementation.
AFP Citizen Armed Force, subject to DND
requirements.
What lead agencies will monitor the
How can a student continue to qualify for
implementation of the NSTP?
enlistment in the AFP Reserve Force?
CHED Regional Office and the DND-AFP through
He/she may qualify for enlistment in the AFP
the major Service Reserve Commands and their
Reserve Force as long as he/she has completed
ROTC Units shall oversee if the training
the two (2) semesters of Basic ROTC.
conducted are in consonance with the Republic
How much fee will be charged for an NSTP Act.
component?
Is the NSTP available in all school and
No fee shall be collected for any of the NSTP Universities?
component except basic tuition fees, which
All higher and Technical Vocational Educational
should not be more than fifty percent (50%) of
Institutions shall be offering at least one (1) of the
the charges of the school per academic unit.
NSTP components, while State Universities and
What student incentives can be provided when Colleges will offer the ROTC Component and at
they take up NSTP? least one other NSTP component.

The following incentives to students are to be GOOD CITIZENSHIP

provided they take up NSTP:
DISCUSSIONS/LESSON PROPER
 A program of assistance/incentives for
ROTC students from DND which will be in This module focuses on the rights and
accordance with existing laws and responsibilities of citizens. More specifically, it
regulations and subject to availability of offers the following themes:
funds.
 School authorities concerned, CHED and  The bill of Rights of Filipinos
TESDA shall ensure that health insurances  Basic Values of Filipinos
are provided to students enrolled in any  Nationalism and Patriotism for National
of the NSTP components. Development
 Community Service and Volunteerism
 A special Scholarship Program for
qualified NSTP shall be administered by The bill of Rights of Filipinos
CHED and TESDA subject to the availability
of funds. Article III of the Philippine Constitution is the Bill
of Rights. It establishes the relationship of the
Who is responsible for supervising the NSTP? individual to the State and defines the right of the
individual by limiting the lawful powers of the
School authorities shall exercise academic and
State. It is one of the most important political
administrative supervision over the design,
achievements of the Filipinos (Smith, 1945).
formulation, adoption and implementation of the
different NSTP components in their respective Importance of Bill of Rights
schools. In case of ROTC, the school authorities
3

A bill of rights is a constitutional enumeration of enjoyment of religious profession and worship,

rights and privileges guaranteed by the State to without discrimination or preference, shall
all persons within its territory. It is the statement forever be allowed. No religious test shall be
of individual liberties which citizens, residents required for the exercise of civil or political rights.
and sojourners in the country enjoy abuses in
against the exercise of government power. In
short the people’s shield against government Section 6. The liberty of abode and of changing
abuse. the same within the limits prescribed by law shall
not be impaired except upon lawful order of the
The Bill of Rights provided for in Article III, 1987
court. Neither shall the right to travel impaired
Philippine Constitution:
except in the interest on national security, public
Section 1. No person shall be deprived of life, safety, or public health, as may be provided by
liberty, or property without due process of law, law.
nor shall any person be denied the equal
Section 7. The right of the people to information
protection of law.
on matters of public concern shall be recognized.
Section 2. The right of the people to be secure in Access to official records, and to documents and
their persons, houses papers, and effect against papers pertaining to official acts, transactions, or
unreasonable searches and seizures of whatever decisions as well as to government research data
nature and for any purpose shall be inviolable, used as basis for policy development, shall be
and no search warrant od arrest shall issue afforded the citizen, subject to such limitations as
except upon probable cause to be determined may be provided by law.
personally by the judge after examination under
Section 8. The right of the people, including those
oath or affirmation of the complainant and the
employed in the public and private sectors, to
witnesses he may produce, and particularly
form unions, associations or societies for
describing the place to be searched and the
purposes not contrary to law shall not be
persons or things to be seized.
abridged.
Section 3. (1) The privacy of communication and
Section 9. Private property shall not be taken for
correspondence shall be inviolable except upon
public without just compensation.
lawful order of the court, or when public safety or
order requires otherwise, as prescribed by law. Section 10. No law impairing the obligation of
contracts shall be passed.
(2) Any evidence obtained in violation of this or
the preceding section shall be inadmissible for Section 11. Free access to courts and quasi-
any purpose in any proceedings. judicial bodies and adequate legal assistance shall
not be denied to any person by reason of
Section 4. No law shall be passed abridging the
poverty.
freedom of speech, of expression, of the press, or
the right of the people to peaceably assemble Section 12. (1) Any person under investigation for
and petition the government for redress of the commission of an offense shall have the right
grievances. to be informed of his right to remain silent and to
have competent and independent counsel
Section 5. No law shall be made respecting an
preferably of his own choice. If the person cannot
establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free
afford the services of counsel, he must be
exercise thereof. The free exercise and
4

provided with one. These rights cannot be waived o First Category Reserve;
except in writing and in the presence of counsel. o Second Category Reserve; and
o Third Category Reserve
(2) No torture, force, violence, threat,
intimidation, or any other means which vitiate
the free will shall be used against him. Secret
detention places, solitary, incommunicado, or
other similar forms of detention are prohibited.

(3) Any confession or admission obtained in

violation of this or Section 17 hereof shall be
inadmissible in evidence against him.

(4) The law shall provide for penal and civil Category of Mobilization in times of emergency:
sanctions for violation of this section as well as Full Mobilization (through the joint act of
compensation to the rehabilitation of victims of Congress and the President)
torture or similar practices, and their families.
All units of the Ready and Standby Reserves will
The Citizen Armed Forces of the Philippine be activated, the reservists constituting them are
Reservist Act. Republic Act No. 7077 called to active duty, and the units activated are
placed on operational readiness.
Under this law, the Citizen Armed Force or
alternately referred to as the Reserve Force shall Partial Mobilization (through the joint act of
be organized, trained, developed and maintained Congress and the President)
as to ensure their readiness to immediately
Only units of the Ready Reserve that are
respond to the call service.
necessary to meet the threat will be activated,
Mission of the Reserve Force: the reservists assigned to these units are called to
active duty and the activated units are placed on
 Provide the base for the expansion of the operational readiness. The President will specify
AFP in the event of war, invasion or the units to be activated.
rebellion;
 Assist in relief and rescue during disaster Selective Mobilization (by the authority of the
or calamities; President)
 Assist in socio-economic development;
Only selected units of the Ready Reserve of the
and
localities involved are activated and the reservists
 Assist in the operation and maintenance
assigned to them are called to active duty; or
of essential government or private utilities
active auxiliary units are organized and volunteer
in the furtherance of overall mission.
reservists are called to active auxiliary service for
The graduates of 1) basic and advanced Reserve the purpose; under such rules and regulations as
Officers’ Training Corps (ROTC) and 2) authorized the Secretary of national Defense may prescribe.
basic military training instructions are considered
enlisted reservists or reserve officers. The Desirable Filipino Values
Categories and Classification of Citizen soldiers III.Discussion/Lesson Proper:
of the AFP:
 The National Motto
5

 Pagka MAKADIYOS intended to promote good or improve human

 Faith and belief in Almighty God,active quality of life”.
spiritually
Wikipedia
 Respect for life
 Order Benefits of Volunteerism to Volunteers
 Work
 Concern for family and future generations o Appreciation of teamwork- It gives an
opportunity to work with people from
Pagka MAKATAO
different work of life and teaches a lot
 Love about teamwork.
 Freedom o Development of various skills like
 Peace management and leadership skills,
 Truth communications skills, technical skills. –
 Justice Volunteerism serves as an opportunity to
lead a team of volunteers and develop
Pag-Makabayan skills an individual may not be aware of,
or may not be developing well.
 Unity
o Chance for international exposure and
 Equality
experience for cross culture diversity by
 Respect for Law and government
signing up for a volunteer in foreign
 Patriotism
countries by one of the sponsors.
 Promotion of the common good
o Opportunity to help others, feel involved
Pagka-MAKAKALIKASAN and feel better indeed, a priceless benefit!
Any person will feel satisfaction in helping
 Concern for the environment the needy.
o Opportunity to make a difference and
Volunteerism realizing personal purposes
Refers to an act involving a wide range of o Learning from others and making new
activities, including traditional forms of mutual friends
aid and developmental interventions, that Volunteer Act of 2007 or the Republic Act
provide an enabling and empowering No.9418
environment both on the part of the beneficiary
receiving and the volunteer rendering the act,  The Volunteer Act of 2007 or the Republic
undertaken for reasons arising from socio- Act No.9418 to promote participation of
developmental, business or corporate various sectors of the Filipino society and
orientation, commitment or conviction for the (as necessary) the international and
attainment of the public good and where foreign volunteer organizations in public
monetary and other incentives or reward are not and civic affairs and adopt and strengthen
the primary motivating factors. the practice of volunteerism as a strategy
in order to attain national development
“Volunteering is the practice of people working and international understanding.
on behalf of others, without being motivated by  The inculcation of volunteerism as a way
financial or material gain. Volunteering is of life shall rekindle in every Filipino the
generally considered an altruistic activity,
6

time-honored tradition of bayanihan to rendering of pro bono services on a case-

foster social justice, solidarity and to-case basis.
sustainable development. o By Not-for-Profit Organization include
 The aforementioned was made possible but not limited to:
through the enactment of the Republic o Provision of complimentary service
Act No. 9418 or better known as the delivery;
Volunteer Act of 2007. o Human resource development in
 To better understand some of the terms underserved communities; and
on this discussion, below are definition of o Advocacy and articulation of the cause of
term provided by the said law. the disadvantage and vulnerable groups
 Voluntary Sector refer to those sectors of o By Foreign Volunteer Organization
Philippine society that organize include, but are not limited to:
themselves into volunteers to take o Provision of technical assistance not
advocacy and action primarily for local locally accessible in priority development
and national development as well as areas within the framework of technical
international cooperation and cooperation and socio-cultural exchange.
understanding.
 By Academic Sector include, but are not NATIONALISM AND PATRIOTISM
limited to:
Salient Provisions of Flag and Heraldic Code of
 Provision of technical assistance
the Philippines (as embodied in Republic Act.
 Sharing of technology within the academic
8491)
circle, target communities and other
clienteles; and The Philippine Flag
 Upgrading of the quality of education
and curriculum methodologies while A flag is a sacred and respected feature of the
providing career enhancement and nation which it symbolizes. Each nation’s flag has
exposure to the volunteers. a specific way in which it should be displayed and
folded.
By Corporate Sector includes but is not limited
to: Our national flag is the symbol of our country. It
shows our unity as people. It stands for our high
o Employee giving of material resources to ideals and noble heritage. Therefore, when you
specific causes; show respect for the flag, you also show respect
o Employee-led fund-raising; for our country and people. One way to show
o One-time outreach activities; respect is to handle the flag properly.
o Environmental campaign;
The Philippine National Flag is said to be the
o Medical and health related advocacies;
primary symbol of the nation’s camaraderie,
o Knowledge and change management;
solidarity and unity. It is therefore, the symbol of
o Scholarship programs; and
nationalism and patriotism in our country. And
o Sharing of expertise, particularly of
so, let us learn more about its history and origin.
business and developmental skills
through mentoring tutoring training, The national flag of the Philippines is a horizontal
business, consulting/advising and bicolor with equal bands of blue and red, and
with a white equilateral triangle based at the
7

hoist side; in the center of the triangle is a golden as flag days, during which all offices, agencies and
yellow sun with eight primary rays, each instrumentalities of government, business,
containing three individual rays; and at each establishments, institutions of learning and
corner of the triangle is a five-pointed golden private homes are enjoined to display the flag.
yellow star. But in recent years, the flag days are now from
May 28 to June 30 yearly. By law, the Philippine
The flag was first conceptualized by Emilio
flag must be permanently hoisted and illuminated
Aguinaldo. The first flag was sewn in Hong Kong
at night at the following locations:
by Marcela Agoncillo, her daughter Lorenza, and
Doña Delfina Herbosa de Natividad, niece of Jose 1. Malacañang Palace, the Presidential
Rizal, the Philippines’ national hero. The flag is Residence
displayed with the blue field on top in times of 2. The Congress of the Philippines buildings:
peace, and with the red field on top in times of a) Senate of the Philippines building
war. The Philippine flag is unique in the sense b) House of Representatives of the
that it can indicate a state of war when the red Philippines building (Batasang Pambansa
field is observer’s left when the flag is displayed Complex)
on top or on displayed vertically, with the white 1. Supreme Court of the Philippines building
equilateral triangle at the top end. 2. The Rizal Monument in Luneta, Manila
3. Aguinaldo Shrine in Kawit, Cavite
Section 10 of RA 8491 states that when the flag
4. Barasoain Shrine in Malolos, Bulacan
is displayed on a wall during peacetime, the
5. Tomb of the Unknown Soldiers
blue field is to the observer’s left.
6. Mausoleo de los Veteranos de la
Revolucion
Construction
7. All international ports of entry
The flag’s length is twice its width, which 8. All other places as may be designated by
translates into an aspect ratio of 1:2. The length the National Historical Institute
of all the sides of the white triangle is equal to
the width of the flag. Each star is oriented in such
Half-mast
a manner that one of its tips points towards the The flag may be flown at half-mast as a sign of
vertex at which it is located. mourning. Upon the official announcement of the
death of the President or a former President, the
flag should be flown at half-mast for ten days.
The flag should be flown at half-mast for seven
days following the death of the Vice President,
the Chief Justice, the President of the Senate or
the Speaker of the House of Representatives.

Flag Protocol The flag may also be required to fly at half-mast

upon the death of other persons to be
The flag should be displayed in all government determined by the National Historical Institute,
buildings, official residences, public plazas, and for a period less than seven days. The flag shall be
schools every day throughout the year. The days flown at half-mast on all the buildings and places
of the 28th of May (National Flag Day) and the where the decedent was holding office, on the
12th of June (Independence Day) are designated day of death until the day of interment of an
8

incumbent member of the Supreme Court, the According to Republic Act 8491 itself, the flag
Cabinet, the Senate or the House of cannot be used in the following rationales:
Representatives, and such other persons as may 1. Defacing or ridiculing the flag by dipping
be determined by the National Historical the flag as a salute, or adding additional
Institute. marks on the flag;
2. As a drapery, festoon, tablecloth, a
When flown at half-mast, the flag should be first covering, or as a part of a costume or a
hoisted to the peak for a moment then lowered uniform;
to the half-mast position. It should be raised to 3. As a trademark or for commercial or
the peak again before it is lowered for the day. agricultural labels or design;
4. As part of merchandise or in any
Folding the Flag advertisement or infomercial; and
5. As a pennant in the hood, side, back and
1. Hold the flag at each of its four corners top of motor vehicles.
and pull it taut. The folder holds the
corners at the end with the blue and red Moreover, the flag may not be displayed
fields. “horizontally face-up, or under any painting,
2. Fold the flag in half, lengthwise, with the picture or platform”. It may also not be displayed
red field covering the blue field. Pull it in “discotheques, cockpits, night and day clubs,
taut again making sure the open side’s
casinos, gambling joints and places of vice or
edges are flush with one another.
where frivolity prevails”.
3. Fold it in half again, the closed side over
the open side, again maintaining the
flattening tension, and parallel, flush
Pledge
edges on the open side. The blue field
The Pledge of Allegiance to the Philippine flag,
should now be displayed face up.
“Panunumpa sa Watawat” (distinct from the
4. Take the closed side’s blue field corner
and fold it over the open side such that Patriotic Oath of Allegiance, “Panatang
what was the bottom edge is now parallel Makabayan”) should be recited while standing
and flush with the open side forming a with the right hand with palm open raised
right triangle (a triangle with a ninety- shoulder high. Individuals whose faith or religious
degree angle). At the right angle, fold the beliefs prohibit them from making such pledge
flag again such that a new right triangle is
are permitted to excuse themselves, but are
formed, still keeping the open edges
parallel. required by law to show full respect when the
5. Fold the right-angled corner of the new pledge is being rendered by standing at attention.
triangle over such that it forms a new
right triangle with what had been the The National Anthem
bottom edge now flush with the side of
the flag below it. The National Anthem is entitled Lupang Hinirang.
6. Continue this sequence of folds creating It shall always be sung in the national language
right triangles until the flag is completely within or without the country. The following shall
folded into a right triangular bundle. The be the lyrics of the National Anthem:
white field and yellow sun should now
predominate in the visible areas of the The rendition of the National Anthem, whether
flag. played or sung, shall be in accordance with the
musical arrangement and composition of Julian
Prohibited Acts
Felipe. When the National Anthem is played at a
public gathering, whether by a band or by singing
9

or both, or reproduced by any means, the The 12 Little Things We Can Do For Our
attending public shall sing the anthem. The Country are Small Acts of Patriotism
singing must be done with fervor.
First: Follow traffic rules. Follow the law
As a sign of respect, all persons shall stand at
attention and face the Philippine flag, if there is 1. Traffic rules are the most basic of our
one displayed, and if there is none, they shall face country’s laws. If we learn to follow them,
the band or the conductor. At the first note, all it could be the lowest form of national
persons shall execute a salute by placing their discipline we can develop as a people. A
right palms over their left chests. Those in culture of discipline is crucial to our
military, scouting, citizens military training and destiny as a nation.
security guard uniforms shall give the salute 2. Whenever we follow traffic rules, we
prescribed by their regulations. The salute shall show our love for our neighbor, our love
be completed upon the last note of the anthem. for the Filipino.

The anthem shall not be played and sung for Second: Always ask for an official receipt
mere recreation, amusement or entertainment
1. Asking for ORs leads to higher tax
purposes except on the following occasions:
collections, which means more funds for
1. International competitions where the our government, which could strengthen
Philippines is the host or has a our economy and lead us to progress.
representative; 2. Whenever we help our government in
2. Local competitions; helping our people, we show our love for
3. During the “signing off” and “signing on” our neighbor.
of radio broadcasting and television
Third: Don’t buy smuggled goods. Buy Local. Buy
stations;
Filipino
4. Before the initial and last screening of
films and before the opening of theater 1. Our money should support our economy,
performances; and not the economy of other countries.
5. Other occasions as may be allowed by the Buying Pilipino means supporting the
Institute. Filipino.
2. Whenever we support one another as
The National Motto Filipinos, we show our love for our
“The National Motto shall be “Maka-Diyos, Maka neighbors.
Tao, Makakalikasan at Makabansa.”
Fourth: Speak positively about us and our
The National Coat-of-Arms country

The National Coat-of-Arms shall have: Paleways 1. Every Filipino is an ambassador of our
of two (2) pieces, azure and gules; a chief argent country. Each one of us, wherever we
studded with three (3) mullets equidistant from maybe, is a salesman of our country.
each other; and, in point of honor, ovoid argent 2. Whenever we speak positively of our
over all the sun rayonnant with eight minor and people, we show our love for our
lesser rays. Beneath shall be the scroll with the neighbors.
words “REPUBLIKA NG PILIPINAS”, inscribed
thereon.
10

Fifth: Respect your traffic officer, policeman & pays our teachers, soldiers and other
other public servants public servants.
2. There is love of neighbor whenever we
1. Respect honors and dignifies a man. It
pay our taxes properly so our government
compels him to do his job right.
can help more people.
2. There is love of neighbor whenever we
respect those in authority. Eleventh: Adopt a scholar or a poor child

Sixth: Throw your garbage properly. Segregate. Investing on our youth is investing on our
Recycle. Conserve country’s future. Every family who can afford,
should adopt one poor child as a scholar.
1. Philippines is the country given to us as a
people. It is the birthplace of our race. It is There is love of neighbor whenever we help a
the home of the Filipino. We should keep child get an education.
it beautiful.
Twelfth: Be a good parent. Teach your kids to
2. When we keep our environment and our
love our country
country clean, we show our love for our
people. If we start planting seeds of patriotism in the
hearts and minds of our youth today, they would
Seventh: Support your Church
become giant patriots of our country someday.
When we help our church, we help our Creator in
There is love of neighbor whenever we teach and
His works on earth.
raise our children as patriots, by loving our
Whenever we help our church, we show love for country through loving our people.
our neighbor.
Love of neighbor, God’s Second Highest
Eighth: During elections, do your solemn duty Commandment, is contained in each of these 12
Little Things.
1. When we fight for our votes, we fight for
our right to make our own destiny, as a Based on the Book
people and as a nation. 12 Little Things Filipinos Can Do To Help Our
2. There is love of neighbor when we elect Country
good leaders for our country and people. By Alexander Lacson

Ninth: Pay your employees well Input No. 4: Leadership and the Youth

1. A company must bring prosperity not only Leadership is the highest potent quality of an
to its owners but also to its employees. individual to be greatly successful in life. It is the
Blessings must be shared. It builds key dynamic factor that can encourage one to
families. It builds our nation. actively participate in many ventures that can
2. There is love of neighbor when we value lead to the attainment of goals. It is also the key
and pay our employees appropriately. force to developing teamwork to ensure
completion of common goals or purpose.
Tenth: Pay your taxes
It is in this premise that the youth, in their role as
1. Taxes are the lifeblood of our nation-builders, must develop leadership
government. It is what builds our public potentials such as knowledge, skills and positive
schools, hospitals and roads. It is what attitude to ensure efficiency and effectiveness in
11

meeting their goals and develop the spirit and Empathy. The servant leader strives to
ethics of service for the good of others. Hence, understand and empathize with others. People
the need for training the youth to be servant need to be accepted and recognized for their
leaders is very essential. special unique spirits.

Leadership Defined Healing. One of the greatest strengths of a

servant leader is the potential of healing one’s
Leadership is a process of giving control,
self and others because many people have
guidance, headship, direction and governance to
broken spirits and suffered from a variety of
a group or organization.
emotional hurt.
Leadership is the art of influencing and directing
Awareness. It aids one in understanding issues
others to do assigned tasks or goals, in such a
involving ethics and values and view most
way as to attain them. There is obedience,
situations from a more integrated and holistic
respect, loyalty and cooperation.
position.
Leadership can be exercised by anyone
Persuasion. Another characteristic of a servant
irrespective of the framework of command. Also,
leader is the primary reliance on persuasion
it is the process of guiding and directing the
rather than positional authority in making
behavior of the people in the work environment.
decisions within an organization.
 Leadership is the ability to inspire, to build
Conceptualization. Servant leaders seek to
confidence and gain support among the
nurture their abilities to “dream great dreams”.
people to attain organizational goals.
The ability to look at problems from a
 Leader as a Guide is one who assumes the
conceptualized perspective means that one must
role of a director, organizer, mentor, guru
think beyond today’s realities.
or adviser.
 Leader as a Frontrunner is one who can Foresight. This enables the servant leader to
spearhead, shading light, a trailblazer, and understand the lessons from the past realities to
groundbreaker. the present and the likely consequence of a
 Leader as a Head is one who can be called decision for the future.
as chief, manager, superior, principal, Building Community. Servant Leadership
boss and superior. suggests that the true community can be created
 Servant Leadership is a kind of among those who work in business and other
servanthood and done as a sense of institutions.
vocation. It also implies stewardship of
Qualities of Servant Leaders
good citizenship and community. It is a
means of serving others more than The following are the qualities of a servant
oneself. leader.

Principles of Servant Leadership 1. Puts others ahead of his own agenda. The first
mark of servanthood is the ability to put others
According to Spears (2002), the following are the
ahead of yourself and your personal desires.
principles underpinning servant leadership:
Listening. The servant leader seeks to identify the
will of the group and helps clarify that will. He or 2. Possesses the confidence to serve. The real
she will seek to listen receptively to what is being heart of servanthood is security. Show me
said. someone who thinks he is too important to serve
12

and I’ll show you someone who is basically If this is an issue in your life, then heed
insecure. How we treat others is really a this advice.
reflection of how we think of ourselves.  Stop lording people, and start listening to
3. Initiates service to others. It is a way of serving them.
without being compelled. It manifests one’s  Role play for advancement, and start
concern to do things for others especially during risking your own interests for other’s
crisis. You can really see the heart of someone benefit.
who initiates service to others. Great leaders see  Stop seeking your own way, and start
the need, seize the opportunity and serve serving others.
without expecting anything in return.  It is true that one who would be great
must be like the least and servant of all…
4. Is not position-conscious. Servant leaders
2 Bringing It Home. To improve your skill in
don’t focus on rank or position. When Colonel
servanthood, you must do the following:
Norman Schwarzkopf stepped into that minefield,
 Perform small acts. When was the last
rank was the last thing on his mind. He was one
time you performed acts of kindness to
person trying to help another. If anything, being
others? Start with those closest to you:
the leader gave him a greater sense of obligation
your spouse, children, and parents. Find
to serve.
ways today to do small things that show
5. Serves out of love. Servanthood is not others you care.
motivated by manipulation of self-promotion. It is  Learn to walk slowly through the crowd.
fueled with love (willingness to serve). In the end, One of the greatest lessons I learned as a
the extent of your influence depends on the young leader came from my father. I call it
depth of your concern for others. That is why it is walking slowly through the crowd. The
important for leaders to be willing to serve. next leagues, or employees, make it your
goal to connect with others by circulating
Servant Leadership Process
among them and talking to people. Focus
 To internalize the deeper meaning of on each person you meet. Learn his name
servant leadership, one must apply the If you know it already, make your agenda
following process: of getting to know each person’s needs,
 Reflecting on It. As a leader, one must wants and desires. Then later when you
reflect about himself to determine who he go home, make a note to yourself to do
is as a person and identify his inner something beneficial for half a dozen of
leadership intention. those people (anecdote of a leader,
 “Where is your heart when it comes to anonymous).
serving others? Do you desire to become  Move into action. If an attitude of
a leader for the perks and benefits? Or are servanthood is conspicuously absent from
you motivated by manipulation of self- your life, the best way to acquire it is to
promotion?” start serving. Begin serving with your body
 If you really want to become the kind of and your heat will catch up. Sign up to
leader that people want to follow, you will serve others for six months at your
have to settle the issue of servanthood. If Church, a community agency of a
your attitude is to be served rather than volunteer organization. If your heart
to serve, you may be headed for trouble. changes then it works.
13

3 Daily Take-Away. Albert Schweitzer wisely the ideal characteristics for each of your
stated, “I don’t know what your destiny will various roles and relationships in life.
be, but one thing I know. The ones among  Habit 3: Put First Things First. Plan,
you who will be really happy are those who prioritize, and execute your week’s tasks
have sought and found how to serve”. If you based on importance rather than urgency.
want to lead on the highest level, be willing to Evaluating if your efforts exemplify your
serve on the lowest. desired character values, propel you
 In the truest sense, servanthood is the gift towards goals, and enrich the roles and
of doing good for others which sometimes relationships that were elaborated in
include the exclusion of meeting personal Habit 2.
needs. Servants look for ways to do for II. Interdependence. The next three have to do
others both within and beyond the with interdependence (i.e. working
congregation and community. Servants do
not choose to serve, but serve from a with others):
sense of identity and call. Gifted servants  Habit 4: Think Win-Win. Genuinely strive
never feel put upon or taken advantage for mutually beneficial solutions or
of, but see each opportunity to do for agreements in your relationships. Valuing
others as a way to be true to self and in and respecting people by understanding a
service to others. As leaders, the need to “win” for all is ultimately a better long-
reflect on it, bring it home and take it term resolution than if only one person in
away is a great passion for going along the situation had gotten his way.
with one’s inner intention for the good of  Habit 5: Seek First to Understand, Then
others. (by Steven Covey) to be Understood. Use empathetic
 Covey presents an approach to being listening to be genuinely influenced by a
effective in attaining goals by aligning person, which compels them to
oneself with principles of a character reciprocate the listening and take an open
ethic that he presents as universal and mind to being influenced by you. This
timeless. creates an atmosphere of caring, respect,
I. Independence or Self-Mastery. The first and positive problem solving.
three habits surround moving from  Habit 6: Synergize. Combine the strengths
dependence to independence. (i.e. self- of people through positive teamwork, so
mastery): as to achieve goals no one person could
have done alone. Get the best
 Habit 1: Be Proactive. Take initiative in life
performance out of a group of people
by realizing that your decisions (and how
through encouraging meaningful
they align with life’s principles) are the
contribution, and modelling inspirational
primary determining factor for
and supportive leadership.
effectiveness in your life. Take
 Self-Renewal. The last habit relates to
responsibility for your choices and the
self-rejuvenation:
subsequent consequences that follow.
 Habit 7: Sharpen the Saw. Balance and
 Habit 2: Begin with the End in Mind. Self-
renew your resources, energy, and health
discover and clarify your deeply important
to create a sustainable, long-term,
character values and life goals. Envision
effective lifestyle
14

Drug and Substance Abuse How are drugs taken?

- Ingestion
Prevention and Control
- Injection
Overview
- Inhalation
Drug education program for the youth is an
- Applied topically
important undertaking particularly those who will
be studying in the school. Presently, the youth of - Used as suppository
today comprise the most vulnerable group that WHEN ARE DRUGS HARMFUL?
can be affected by prohibited drugs. As revealed
Any drug may be harmful when taken in excess.
by General Edgar C. Galvante, former Executive
Some drugs can also be harmful if taken in
Director, Dangerous Drug Board, most of the
dangerous combinations or by hypersensitive
drug user start their habit early, usually during
(allergic) person in ordinary or even small
their teenage years. At present, situation, the
amounts.
youth are susceptible to the drugs experience
because adolescence is the period of WHY DO PEOPLE TURN TO DRUGS?
experimentation, exploration, curiosity, and 1. To fit in with a group of friends
search for identity. It is believed that young
people with problematic backgrounds are more 2. They might be curious.
vulnerable and are more likely to continue 3. Just bored.
abusing drugs, once they have started, and to
4. Often to help the person escape from reality
develop other aggravating problems, if not
for a while.
processed. These young people in difficult
circumstances are associated with poverty, 5. If a person is sad or upset, a drug can -
family disintegration, relocation, discrimination, temporarily -make the person feel better or
and lack of suitable alternative activities. forget about problems. But this escape lasts only
until the drug wears off.
Most of the reason why our youth is dragged into
the abyss of drug abuse is the lack of guidance Drugs don't solve problems and using them often
from the family itself. Furthermore, the first causes other problems on top of the ones the
reason maybe the parents are too busy to their person had in the first place.
jobs, giving less time to their children. Second, What is drug abuse?
parents have not finished schooling, making them
Drug abuse is the use of chemical substance, licit
less inform and less aware of the effects of drugs.
or illicit, which results in an individual’s physical,
Third, the type of discipline of the parents
mental, or social impairment. It may refer to any
includes physical violence, in most cases in the
of the following practices:
Philippines, drives away kid from home.
 Using, without benefit or prescription,
Input No. 1: The Nature of Drug and Drug
useful drugs which have the capacity to
Abuse (FAQs) alter mood or behavior.
WHAT IS DRUG?  Using drugs and substances for a purpose
different from the one for which the drug
A drug is a chemical substance that brings about
has been prescribed; and
physical, emotional or behavioral change in a
person taking it.
15

 Using drugs and substances having no Narcotics - drugs that relieve pain and often
legitimate medical application for induce sleep.
purposes other than research. Example:
Are there products other than drugs ever Opium and its derivatives such as Morphine,
abused?
Heroin, Codeine
Substances like glue, paint thinners, gasoline and
other volatile (breathable) solvents contain a WHAT IS DRUG ABUSER?
variety of dangerous chemicals. They should be Anyone can be a drug abuser. Drug abuse is no
sold and used with caution. respecter of age, sex, and social status. It is very
WHAT ARE THE TYPES OF DRUGS? difficult to come up with an accurate profile of a
drug abuser that can be applied to all because
Drugs that are commonly abused, depending on people are different in many ways.
pharmacological effects, may be classified into:
How can you tell when on is abusing drugs?
1.Stimulants - drugs which increase alertness and
physical disposition. A lot of changes – in behavior, in appearance and
in mood – occur in a person who is abusing drugs.
Example: Sudden changes occur in a person disposition
Amphetamine from pleasant to unpleasant.
Cocaine Thus, he:
Caffeine  is often associated with known drug
abusers;
Nicotine
 is irritable, discourteous, defiant and
2. Hallucinogens (Psychedelics) - drugs which aggressive;
affect sensation, thinking, self-awareness and  is untrustworthy and lack of self-
emotion. Changes in time and space perception. confidence;
Delusions (false beliefs) and hallucinations may  is unhealthy and unconcerned with good
be mild or overwhelming, depending on dose or grooming;
quantity of the drugs.
 has low frustration tolerance;
Example:  lacks of interest in his studies/work;
LSD  blames everybody and not himself for his
problems;
Mescaline
 develops changes in normal capabilities in
Marijuana school/work; and
3. Sedatives - drugs which may reduce anxiety  borrows money and at times steals
and excitement. various item unusually.

Example:
Barbiturates Common Sign of Drug Abuse
Non-barbiturates 1. Injection mark of an addict

Tranquilizers 2. Unusual effort made to cover arms in order

Alcohol
16

3. Stealing items which can be readily sold for (MDMA). Ecstasy is fast making its presence felt
cash to support a drug habit. in the country. There is an increase in reports
about the use of “ecstasy” among young people,
4. Changes in mood – depending on the drug
particularly in nightclubs. Ecstasy, or MDMA, is a
taken
synthetic drug that acts simultaneously as a
Example: depressed or becoming elated and stimulant and as a hallucinogen. It is strongly
euphonic linked to music and dance culture and has a
5. Association with known drug abusers growing user based among the elites (Class A&B).
While some users confine their consumption to
6. Change from normal capabilities (work habits,
occasional use at social, music and dance events,
efficiency, etc.)
others develop regular use profiles, while the
7. Change in attendance at work or school third group uses both frequently and intensively.
8. Wearing sunglasses constantly at inappropriate 3. Marijuana. Marijuana abounds in the
times Philippines. But since the early nineties, it has
9. Poor physical appearance including inattention seized to be the drug of choice. Most of what is
to dress and personal hygiene produced locally is intended for foreign markets.
In East Asia, the Pacific, Australia, Europe, and
Input No. 2: The National Drug Situation the US, the UNDCP has identified the Philippines
National Drug Situation as a major marijuana producer and exporter.

All of us are very much aware of the nature of the

drug problem. It has been condemned by
governments all over the world and billions in
resources have been spent to contain it, yet drug
trafficking and/ or drug abuse is still here.
Commonly Abused Drugs
1 Shabu (Methamphetamine Hydrochloride).
Methamphetamine is the most popular abused Drug Trafficking
drug in the country today. In the 1990s, stimulant
Methamphetamine hydrochloride continues to
abuse emerged in many ASEAN countries. This
be smuggled into the country through four major
major change in the pattern of substance abuse
avenues: the seaports and special economic
can perhaps be considered as the first stimulant
zones, the international airports, the mail and
epidemic of the region. The Philippines is
parcel services, and the vast expanse of
probably the first ASEAN country that faced
Philippine coastline.
severe stimulant abuse. The abuse of
methamphetamine was noted in 1986 among the The use of the seaports was exemplified by the
affluent, entertainment and artist population. seizure of 158 kilograms of shabu stashed inside
The status of methamphetamine or “shabu’’ two (2) container vans at the Manila International
abuse at the time seemed well confined. Container Port in two different occasions in 1999.
However, in 1987, the abuse spread to the The Ninoy Aquino International Airport
general population. continues to be the preferred trafficking avenue
2.Ecstasy or Methylene dioxymethamphetamine for small quantities from less than one kilo to
multi-kilo shipments by trafficking using false
17

compartments in luggage or through body importantly, the volume of shabu seized from
packing. The gravity of the problem can be foreign nationals over the same period totaled
gleamed from the seizure of 116.88 million pesos’ 2,889 kilograms or 64.24% of the total volume of
worth of drugs by the NAIA Drug Interdiction Task shabu seized in the country in over the same
Group in 2001. It was on September 11 and period. Chinese nationals on the other hand,
14,2004 respectively, when two Taiwanese accounted for 2,873 kilograms for the period
nationals were intercepted carrying five (5) January 1, 1998 to December 31, 2001 or
kilograms of shabu each on board a flight 63.888% of the aggregate national’s seizures of
originating from Xiamen, China. shabu.
The mail and parcel system is preferred in Transit Points of Drugs
foreign destinations that have large Filipino A huge portion of shabu that enters the
communities like Guam, US, Australia, England Philippines comes directly from Southern China
and Middle East. A case in point was the seizure where most of the shabu laboratories are
of 39.8 kilos of shabu from a FED EX shipment located. Of the 15 major interdictions since 1993,
from Hong Kong on September 11, 2001 by the seven (7) were shipped directly from Southern
Bureau of Customs. The vast and relatively China. Five (5) shipments were from China but
unpatrolled shoreline of the country is where they passed through Hong Kong first before they
most of the huge shipments are smuggled. were rerouted to the Philippines. At least one
Major drug shipments intercepted by law shipment passed through Taiwan. Lately, we
enforcement authorities include the 420 learned that the shipments at Quezon and
kilograms hauled in Pangasinan in 1999, the 365 Zambales came directly from North Korea.
kilograms in Sariaya Quezon, 125 kilograms in
Ilocos Sur, and 33 kilograms in Zambales, all in Identified landing points are mainly through the
2000. For the year 2001, 503 kilograms of shabu shorelines of the Northern and Central Luzon
were intercepted in Real, Quezon on October 13, regions and Southern Tagalog, specifically
2001, allegedly from the shoreline of Panukulan, Batanes, Cagayan, Ilocos Sur, Pangasinan,
Quezon and said illegal drugs were personally Zambales, Aurora, Quezon and Mindanao
escorted by the Mayor of said town. Also in 2001, provinces. Reports also indicate Palawan and
350kgs of shabu was seized on San Narciso, Masbate as probable landing sites from shabu
Zambales. smuggling.

Involvement of Foreign Nationals in Drug Facts and Figures

Trafficking Organized Drug Groups
The involvement of foreign nationals is very As a result of Intelligence Workshop conducted
important apparent in almost all the big volume by PDEA, eleven (11) Transnational Drug
seizures of government law enforcement Syndicates were identified to be operating in the
authorities. Data from the Philippine Drug country while, the number of local organized
Enforcement Agency in1993 to December drug groups is pegged at 215. NCR and Region 3
31,2001 reflected 258 foreign nationals arrested have the highest number of drug groups with 30
in the Philippines for violation of Republic Act. groups each, followed by Region 7 with 27 groups
No. 6425 (Dangerous Drugs Act 1972, as and Region 9 with 22 groups. The regions with
amended). Of this total, 182 or 70.54% were the lowest number of drug groups are Cordillera
Chinese nationals while other nationalities made Administrative Region and CARAGA Region with
of the remaining 76 or 29.463%. More one (1) drug group each.
18

Personalities in the BADAC Watch List

As of September, the nationwide total number of
drug personalities perfected in the Barangay
Drug Abuse Council (BADAC) Watch List is
pegged at 37,076. Among the region, NCR has the Input No. 3: Myth versus Fact: Drug Abuse and
highest number of identified drug personalities Illicit Trafficking
with 10,879 or 29,348 of the total number of drug 1 Why the Big Outcry? Drug aren’t Really a Big
personalities nationwide followed by PRO 4 with Problem. The fact is… They are a tremendous
7.958 or 21,468 and 6,443 or 17,378. problem, the seriousness of which is becoming
Drug Rehabilitation more apparent everyday. There are millions drug
user throughout the world abusing all sorts of
The number of drug patients is increasing. Based illegal substances. These people are damaging
on records of Government Residential Centers’ their health and well-being, and jeopardizing
Admission, from 1,446 in1974, the number their chances for a healthy and productive life.
reached 5,945 in 2001. Statistics from Furthermore, there are billions of innocent
rehabilitation centers show the following data:
victims of drug abuse – families of users,
 Majority of patients are in the 15-29 age communities, employers and societies. The
group. problems caused by drug abuse illicit trafficking
 The mean age of drug user is 27 years old. are among the most serious facing the world
 Shabu and/or Marijuana are their drug of today, threatening future generations and thus,
choice. the future of life.
 The ratio of male users to female is 14:1. 2. “Recreational” Use of Drugs is not Harmful.
 Workers comprised 43.718% of the drug The fact is… All illegal drugs are dangerous and
patient population. cause physical and psychological change in the
 Unemployed comprised 35,838. user. Prolonged drug use exacerbates these
 Students comprised 5,138. harmful effects that can lead to addiction. The
 Out of school youth comprised 1,183. health hazard of these drugs are very real and,
Drug –Affected Barangay for much the same reason, prescription drugs
should always be properly administered and use
Records show that the number of drug-affected
only at the direction of a physician. Moreover,
barangays as of September this year represents
the user or potential user must consider where
8,508 or 3,577 of the country’s 42,061 barangays.
the money goes that is spent on illegal drugs. The
Comparing all the regions, Region 4 has the
traffickers gain the largest share of the profits
highest number of drug affected barangays with
from this illegal trade. They in turn use the
1.026 of its 5,463 barangays, followed by Region
money to destabilize governments through
3 with 492 of its 3.175 barangays, and Region 7
“buying votes” and through corruption,
with 279 of its 3,003 barangays. While Region 12
intimidation and violence.
has the lowest with 32 of its 1,192 barangays.

3. Marijuana is no Worse than using Alcohol or

Tobacco. The fact is … Marijuana is very
dangerous. Unlike alcohol, which is usually leaves
19

the body within 24 hours because it is water- jeopardized for the individual drug user, he or she
soluble, marijuana is fat-soluble, which meant is not only one to suffer. The family suffers
that the psycho-active chemicals attach disharmony and pain in witnessing the self-
themselves to the fatty parts of the body (usually destruction of a loved one. The consumer
the brain and reproductive organ) and be ultimately pays for the cost of drugs in the
detected up to 30 days after initial use. Extensive workplace by buying inferior goods at higher
research has indicated that marijuana impacts prices. The taxpayers suffer because it is their
short-term memory and slow learning; interferes money which is needed to support efforts of
with normal reproductive functions; adversely governments, law enforcement officials, and the
affects heart functions; has serious effect on treatment community in combating drug crimes
perception and skilled performance, such as and rehabilitating users. The community, society
driving and other complex tasks involving and the nation suffer from all of the above.
judgement or fine motor skills; and greatly 7. If A Person Wants to Take Drugs,
impairs lung and respiratory functions. A Governments should Interfere. The fact is… The
marijuana cigarette contains more cancer-causing legitimate right of the individual must be
agents than the strongest tobacco cigarette.
consistent with the safety and welfare of the
4. Everybody is Taking Drug. The fact is… This general population. No individual has an
common argument is used by drug users in an inalienable right to behave in a manner
effort to gain acceptability for their deviant destructive to others. For this reason, laws are
behavior. No matter how alarming drug use established. Governments and societies do not
statistics may be, majority of the people in the tolerate murder, robbery, arson or even drunk-
world do not use illegal drugs. Peer pressure is drinking.
always difficult to cope with and it take more 8. All Drug Addicts Should Be Imprisoned. The
courage and strength to stand up for what you fact is… Imprisonment of a drug addict as such
know is right, and to resist drugs, when friends does not solve the problem. Drug users have
try to convince you that “everybody is doing it”. committed a crime, but detoxification, treatment
In fact, everybody is not using drugs; those who and rehabilitation of the individual are essential if
use them are far less likely to have happy and the addict is to learn how to live without drugs.
productive lives than those who remain drug This approach includes responding to immediate
free. and acute medical needs, with continuing
5. Only Weak Individuals Become Addicts. The availability of counseling and medical treatment,
fact is… The reverse is true: addicts become weak and of longer-term support in a non-drug
individuals. No one begins taking drugs with the environment.
aim of becoming addicted. People take drugs for 9. The Cultivation of Drug Crops Gives a Poor
a variety of reasons, including to escape from Farmer a Chance to Make Money. The fact is…
reality, to cope with daily life, or to be accepted The farmer is breaking the law and usually knows
by others. Drugs are very seductive because; in it. The income received by the farmer for illicit
most cases, the initially provide what the user is narcotics production unfortunately, is higher than
seeking. Their seductive quality is one of the that received for traditional food crops, often
strongest factors contributing to addiction. leading to increased illicit production to the
6. Drug abuse is a “Victimless” Crime – It only exclusion of food crops. This kind of illegal activity
Hurts the User. The fact is… While the health and creates an artificially-based cash economy,
social changes for a productive life are making the farmer completely dependent on the
20

influx of money from drug dealers, putting him at Act No. 6425, known as the Dangerous Drugs Act
the mercy of criminal traffickers and in opposition of 1972.
to the government. 1. PD 1619 "Volatile Solvents"
10.Peddling Drugs is One Way the Poor can Earn 2 RA 9165 Comprehensive Dangerous Drugs Act
Money. The Fact is... Most drug peddlers are of 2002
addicts or become addicts. The money they earn
does not help them or their families; they are What are the common responsibilities of CHED
merely supporting a drug habit. As their addiction and TESDA?
deepens, new "clients" must be found to bring in RA 9165, Article IV mandates the following
more money to buy more drugs. They thus, seek functions:
new users for their products. Each street drug
 Provide continuing in-service training of
peddler is the last link in the corruptive chain of
teachers on the effective utilization of the
criminal activity, not only destroying
support instructional materials and on
neighborhoods and terrorizing citizens as well.
teaching strategies on drug education.
11. Drug Use is a Way of Life in Some Countries.  Continuously monitor and evaluate the
Why Change It? The Fact is... It is not a way of life effectiveness and overall impact of drug
in any country. Statistics show that in areas education program.
where drug use is common, economic  Secure funds from local and foreign
development can be seriously retarded. This is donors for the implementation of the
true in both developing and industrialized drug education program.
countries.
What are the other functions of CHED and
Input No. 4: The Comprehensive Dangerous TESDA regarding drug abuse prevention?
Drugs Act of 2002 The Commission on Higher Education (CHED)
is responsible for:
 Enriching and updating the integration
of dangerous drug prevention
concepts in the general education of
all higher education course offerings
and in the professional subjects,
especially in health-related and
science teacher education courses
 The Technical Education and Skills
Development Authority (TESDA) is
responsible for:
Concretizes government's intensive and
 Integrating drug abuse prevention
unrelenting campaign against the trafficking and
concepts in the technical, vocational
use of dangerous drugs, and other similar
and agro-industrial courses
substances through an integrated system of
 Integrating drug abuse prevention
planning, implementation, and enforcement of
concepts in appropriate instructional
anti-drug abuse policies, programs, and projects.
materials for technical education and
R. A. 9165 is an act instituting the Comprehensive
skills development
Dangerous Drugs Act of 2002, repealing Republic
21

Should drug abuse prevention and control be

part of the school curricula?
 Yes, Article IV, Sec. 43 of Republic Act
9164 stipulates that instruction on drug
abuse prevention and control be
integrated in the elementary, secondary
and tertiary curricula of all public and
private schools, whether general,
technical, vocational or agro-industrial.
What are the topics on drug abuse prevention
and control that should be integrated in the
instruction?
According to Article IV, Sec. 43, the following
topics should be covered:
 Adverse effects of the abuse and misuse
of dangerous drugs on the person, the
family, the school, and the community;
 Preventive measures against drug abuse;
 Health, socio-cultural, psychological, legal
and economic dimensions and
implications of the drug problem;
 d. Steps to take when intervening on
behalf of a drug dependent is needed;
 e. Services available for the treatment and
rehabilitation of drug dependents;
 f. Misconceptions about the use of
dangerous drugs but not limited to the
importance and safety of dangerous drugs
of medical and therapeutic use; and
 g. Differentiation between medical
patients and drug dependents in order to
avoid confusion and accidental
stigmatization in the consciousness of the
students.
Unlawful Acts and Its Corresponding
Penalties (R.A. 9165)

Input No. 5: The Youth and Government's

Response to the Drug Problem
22

By the turn of the 21"century, substance abuse 1. 1972. The Dangerous Drugs Act was
has taken an alarming proportion in the country established.
"Shabu (the local name for methamphetamine) 2. 2002. The Comprehensive Dangerous
has become the number one drug of abuse, Drugs Act was implemented.
followed by marijuana and inhalants. The abuse 3. 2002. The Philippine Drug Enforcement
of legal substances like nicotine and alcohol Agency (PDEA) was established.
continue to be worrisome. A survey by the 4. 2002. An Integrated Drug Abuse Data
University of the Philippines Population Institute Information Network (1IDADIN) was
in 1996 showed the initial age of use of nicotine, created to monitor drug use/abuse.
alcohol, and drugs to be age 16-17, that 40% of Government Response to the Problem
males surveyed were smoking and 37% of the
youth regularly used alcohol. At present, more 1. Preventive education programs to
than 1.5 million Filipinos are users of illegal drugs. dissuade users or potential users from
The youth are especially hard hit. They are the experimenting with illegal drugs and/or
greatest number of drug users. Among them are continuing to use them
more than 350,000 identified high school 2. Treatment and rehabilitation programs
students in the country. One can only speculate aimed at facilitating abstinence
on the number of young people abusing drugs 3. Intensified campaigns against illegal drugs
not identified. and trafficking
4. Judicial and legislative measures
Various activities, to date, are initiated and are 5. National, regional and international
aimed to produce the following effects on young cooperation to fight illegal drug trafficking
people: and abuse of dangerous drugs
1. lessen violent behavior; 6. Some Philippine political figures are
2. increase pro-social behavior and decrease talking about drug testing employees of
negative, self-destructive behavior; outsourced call center workers, others are
3. increase the ability to plan ahead and calling for testing university students, and
choose effective solutions to problems; the government is currently considering
4. improve self-image and self-awareness; drug testing all government employees.
5. improve social and emotional adjustment; 7. Drug Information and Action Line (DLAL)
6. improve handling of interpersonal was created to receive reports and
problems and coping with anxiety; complaints related to drug abuse and
7. improve constructive conflict resolution provide assistance to the public on drug-
with peers; and related cases.
8. improve self-control.
Early in 2004, the Dangerous Drugs Board
launched the program "Barkada Kontra Droga"
(or "Peers Against Drugs"). The specific thrust of
this program is drug abuse prevention.
This concept tries to change the meaning of the Ten (10) Ways to Say "No" to Drugs
word "barkada" or "peer" which connotes a
1. Be vocal, just say "NO" and mean it!
negative influence among peers.
2. Project an image of clean living for
Legislation for Illicit Drugs Control yourself.
23

3. Get into sports. Let us be keepers of life and create a safe

4. Choose your friends and influence them environment through our respective
positively. positions.
5. Get involved in community-based
projects. Let us join hands in keeping our society a
6. Join organizations (church, school, drug free Philippines!
community or social) or youth clubs or
form your own drama group.
7. Learn how to manage stress.
8. Join seminars on anti-drug abuse
prevention.
9. Talk to your family, listen to the problems
of your brothers and sisters.
10. Enhance your talents or skills by taking
part in workshops, training or seminars.

What You Can Do To Help?

• The best thing to do is to tell an adult that you
trust; a parent, other relative, teacher, coach, or
school counselor.
• The person might need professional help to
stop using drugs. A grown-up can help the person
find the treatment he or she needs to stop using
drugs.
• Kids can also help others is by choosing not to
try or use drugs. It's a good way for friends to
stick together.
• Understanding drugs and why they are
dangerous is another good step for a kid to take.

To be involved in drug prevention and

control requires a S.T.R.O.N.G. group:
S - Steadfast personality
T - Trustworthy in words and deeds
R - Respectable in relating with others
O - Open-minded in facing situations
N - Noble character
G - Gutsy action and ideas
As good citizens…