OSCM) CH1 Introduction
OSCM) CH1 Introduction
2020年10月31日 下午 08:43
LO1-1: Identify the elements of operations and supply chain management (OSCM).
Success depends on …
1. Clever integration of a great operations-related strategy
2. Processes to deliver products and services
3. Analytics to support the decisions needed to manage the firm
策略必須描述公司如何為其股東創造與維持價格(過去)。
作業Operations :
Manufacturing and service processes used to transform resources into products
供應鏈Supply chain:
Processes that move information and material to and from the firm
作業管理 第 1 頁
Process Activities
規劃
Planning – processes needed to operate an existing supply chain
採購
Sourcing – selection of suppliers that will deliver the goods and services needed to create the firm’s
product
製作
Making – producing the major product or service
配送
Delivering – logistics processes such as selecting carriers, coordinating the movement of goods and
information, and collecting payments from customers
回應、申報
Returning – receiving worn-out, excess, and/or defective products back from customers
作業管理 第 2 頁
Differences between services and goods
• 服務是無形的流程,產品則是流程的有形輸出。
• 服務流程中必須與顧客接觸;顧客通常不需親自參與實體商品的生產,兩者設計設施時的重點因
而有所不同。
• 服務一般具有因顧客或服務人員態度的不同,而有所差別的異質性,
但實體產品可以依據嚴密的規格、幾近相同的品質生產。
• 服務流程具有無法保存性,不能像實體產品般保存。
• 服務規格的定義與和衡量常是以一組五感的特性為依據,包含 : 支援設施、輔助品、顯性服務、
隱性服務。
Product-Service Bundling
作業管理 第 3 頁
Product-Service Bundling
Product-Service Bundling refers to a company building service activities into its product offerings to
create additional value for the customer.
LO1-2: Know the potential career opportunities in operations and supply chain
management.
Careers in OSCM
• OSCM careers specialize in managing the planning, production, and distribution of goods and
services
• Operations and supply chain manager works with people to figure out the best way to deliver the
goods and services of the firm (what are the possible KPIs?)
• OSCM jobs are hands-on(動手做), working with people and figuring out the best way to do things
作業管理 第 4 頁
LO1-3: Recognize the major concepts that define the operations and supply chain
management field.
作業管理 第 5 頁
quality、on-time delivery
• Service quality and productivity
(By mcdonald
• Total quality management and quality certification
ISO 9000 certification
• Business process reengineering BPR 企業流程再造
• Six sigma quality
A set of diagnostic tool
• Supply chain management 供應鏈管理
• Electronic commerce 電子商務
• Sustainability and the triple bottom line 永續&三重基線
Business strategy that includes social, economic and environmental criteria
• Business analytics
不少公司在企業目標中納入永續性(現在),以符合三重基線(即社會、經濟及環境的主張。三重基線即
以社會、經濟及環境三個層面評量企業。
Environment
公司對環境的影響
Economic
公司有義務回饋 shareholders & stakeholders
Social
企業能否造福在地勞工及利害相關人
Environment
Social
Governance
作業管理 第 6 頁
LO1-4: Evaluate the efficiency of a firm.
Summary
• Many of the concepts that form the OSCM field have their origins in the Industrial Revolution in the
1800’s
作業管理 第 7 頁