ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY LABORATORY

Exercise: Digestive System

LEE, LOUISE MICA LIM
NAME:_______________________________

I. The picture below depicts the frontal view of the Digestive System. Correctly identify all
structures provided with the leader lines.

1 PHARYNX

2 ESOPHAGUS
3 LIVER

4 GALLBLADER

5 PANCREAS
6 LARGE INTESTINE

7 SMALL INTESTINE

9 RECTUM
8 APPENDIX

10 ANUS

II. Various types of glands secret substances into the alimentary canal. Match the glands listed in
Column B to the functions/locations described in Column A. Place the correct letter in the
space provided.

Column A Column B
B
________1. Produces an enzyme-poor juice containing A. gastric Glands
Mucus, found in the submucosa of the
Small intestine B. Intestinal Glands
________2.
E
Secretion includes amylase, which begins
Starch digestion in the mouth C. liver
________3. Ducts a variety of enzymes in an alkaline
D

Fluid into the duodenum D. pancreas

________4. Prodoce bile, which is transported to the
C

duodenum via bile duct E. Salivary Glands

A
________5. Produce hydrochloric acid and pepsinogen

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III. Using the key choices, select the terms identified in the following descriptions by inserting the
appropriate letter in the answer blanks
Key Choices:

A. Anal canal J. Mesentery R. Rugae

B. Appendix K. Microvilli S. Small Intestine
C. Colon L. Oral Cavity T. Soft Palate
D. Esophagus M. parietal Omentum U. Stomach
E. Greater omentum N. Peyer’s Patch V. Tongue
F. Hard palate O. Pharynx W. Vestibule
G. Haustra P. Plicae Circulares X. Villi
H. Ileocecal valve Q. Pyloric Sphincter Y. Visceral peritoneum
I. Lesser omentum

___________1.
J
Structure that suspends the small intestine from the posterior body wall
___________2. Fingerlike extensions of the intestinal mucosa that increase the surface area
X

___________3.
N Collections of lymphatic tissue found in the submucosa of the small intestine
___________4. Folds of the small intestine wall
P

___________5.
L Two anatomical regions involved in the physical breakdown of food
___________6.
V Organ that mixes food in the mouth
___________7. Common passage of food and air
O

___________8.
E Three extensions/ modifications of the peritoneum
___________9. Literally a food chute; has no digestive or absorptive role
D

___________10.
R Folds of the stomach mucosa
___________11.
G Saclike outpocketing of the large intestinal wall
___________12. Projections of the plasma membrane of a cell that increase the cell’s surface area
K
___________13.
H Prevents food from moving back into the small intestine once it has entered the
large intestine
___________14.
S
Organ responsible for most food and water absorption
___________15. Organ primarily involved in water absorption and feces formation
C
___________16.
W Area between the teeth and lips/ cheeks
___________17. Blind sac hanging from the initial part of the colon
B

___________18.
U Organ in which protein digestion begins
___________19. Membrane attached to the lesser curvature of the stomach
I

___________20.
S Organ to which the stomach empties
___________21.
Q Sphincter controlling the movement of food from the stomach into the duodenum
___________22. Uvula hangs from its posterior edge
T
___________23.
S Organ that receives pancreatic juice and bile
___________24.
M Serosa of the abdominal cavity wall
___________25. Region, containing two sphincters, through which the feces are expelled from the
A
body.
___________26.
F Anterosuperior boundary of the oral cavity, supported by bone
___________27. Serous membrane forming part of the wall of the small intestine
Y

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IV. The illustration below is the frontal view of stomach. Identify the regions of the stomach.

1.FUNDUS

5. CARDIA

4. PYLORUS
2. BODY

3. ANTRUM

V. Three accessory organs is presented below. Identify the three organs provided with leader
lines on the figure

5. COMMON HEPATIC DUCT

1. CYSTIC DUCT

4. BILE DUCT

2. GALLBLADER

3. PANCREATIC DUCT

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VI. Match the descriptions in Column B with the appropriate letter referring to digestive processes
in Column A.
Column A Column B
_________1.
D Ingestion A. Transport of nutrients from lumen to blood
_________2.Propulsion
H B. Enzymatic breakdown
_________3. Mechanical Digestion
E C. Elimination of feces
_________4.
B Chemical Digestion D. Eating
_________5. Absorption
A E. Chewing
_________6.Defecation
C F. Churning
G. Includes swallowing
H. Segmentation and peristalsis

VII. Hormonal stimuli are important in digestion of activities that occur in the stomach and small
intestine. Using the key choices, identify the hormones that function as described in the
following statements. Write only the letter of choice
Key Choices

A. Cholecystokinin B. Gastrin C. Secretin

____________1.
A
These two hormones stimulate the pancreas to release its secretion
____________2.
B This hormones stimulate increased production of gastric juice
____________3.
A This hormone causes the gall bladder to release stored bile
____________4.
C The hormone causes the liver to increase its output of bile

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