14 - SCRsystemInstallationGuideLineDNOx2 - V7.3
14 - SCRsystemInstallationGuideLineDNOx2 - V7.3
Version 7.3
Arbon / Turin, 21-05-2013
M. F. Pidria, S. Neggia
Aftertreatment Systems
20 Novembre, 2010
Table of contents
page content
3 SCR system description, configurations, chemical reactions
6 AdBlue/DEF – urea/water solution as reducing agent, specifications
9 SCR system overview, layout
12 Urea Dosing System (UDS) - Bosch Denoxtronic 2 (DNOx-2.1) overview
19 Supply module (SM) installation instructions
28 Dosing module (DM) installation instructions
34 Dosing / mixing unit and SCR muffler installation (Cursor engine)
44 Dosing / mixing unit and SCR muffler installation (NEF engine)
56 Instructions for modified exhaust pipe / SCR muffler layouts
61 AdBlue/DEF tank and WEMA combination unit
70 Material requirement for exhaust pipes and AdBlue/DEF tank
72 AdBlue/DEF pipes, hoses, connectors and filter
86 SCR control layout
88 Electrical layout and schemes
91 Exhaust temperature, NOx and humidity sensors
101 Parts list
102 Revisions
103 Contacts
• FPT has chosen SCR (selective catalyst reduction) for the medium engine (NEF) and
heavy engine (Cursor) ranges to meet present and future on-road and off-road emission
standards Euro V/VI and Tier 4A/B. Alternative emission reduction strategies by means of
EGR (exhaust gas recirculation) partly in combination with a particular trap and SCR are
applied on the light duty applications (F1 engines range)
• Why Selective Catalyst Reduction ?
Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) is a widely used technology for removing
Nitrogen Oxides (NOx) from lean exhaust gases
To enable the catalytic reduction of NOx to N2, the presence of ammonia is needed
As ammonia is a toxic compound, usually an ammonia-releasing reagent is used
instead of pure ammonia
AdBlue (trade name for Europe) or DEF (Diesel Exhaust Fluid, trade name for USA)
is a non-toxic aqueous urea solution. AdBlue/DEF is classified under the minimum
risk category of transportable fluids. AdBlue/DEF is guaranteed to meet the
Standards of ISO 22241 and the CEFIC regulations to safeguard the correct
functioning of your vehicle’s SCR system
AdBlue/DEF is injected into the exhaust system with a specific dosing module.
In the exhaust system the liquid has to be atomized and distributed homogeneously
in the exhaust pipe or across the catalyst cross-section respectively
EN590 Diesel fuel has to be used, anyhow up to 2000 ppm S can be tolerated
by SCR only aftertreatment, while ULSD is necessary in combination with CRT
SCR cat
SCR C
+ clean-up cat
SCR cat
O SCR C + pre-oxidation cat
+ clean-up cat
EXHAUST GAS
SCR Catalyst
SCR
UREA injection
60
Concentration of 32.5% was chosen
because at this mixing ratio the 50
solution has its lowest freezing point
ea
40
ur
of -11°C (eutectic mixing ratio)
-
30
To maintain correct system operation
T [°C]
20
under cold conditions, AdBlue/DEF
a
re
tank, pipes, pump module and dosing
-u
10
module need a de-freezing system
0
a
H2O
e
-ur
... likewise, the complete AdBlue/DEF
-10
distribution network requires -11.5°C
precautions against freezing
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70
Urea concentration [°C]
Supply Module
Urea tank
SCR muffler
Dosing
Module
21-05-2013 CONFIDENTIAL SCRsystemInstallationGuideLineDNOx-2_V7.2.ppt 9
SCR system overview
For the selective catalytic reduction of NOx, the presence of ammonia is needed. As
ammonia is a very toxic compound, usually an ammonia-releasing reagent is used
instead of pure ammonia. The reagent is introduced into the exhaust system upstream
the SCR catalyst. Achieving high NOx conversion and avoiding ammonia slip in the
exhaust gas requires very accurate dosing of a reducing agent
Despite of several technical disadvantages (freezing point, dosing temperature threshold,
urea deposits, storage volume, etc.) European manufactures of HD trucks agreed to use
urea/water solution as reducing agent for SCR mainly for safety and handling reasons:
Trade names for the urea/water solution (32.5%w): AdBlue/DEF
Product composition, quality and properties of AdBlue/DEF have been
standardized by ISO 22241 / AUS32 / DIN V 70070
FPT has chosen the Bosch urea dosing system (UDS) DNOx1 or DNOx-2.1 for it’s
SCR current production systems. The UDS consist mainly of a supply module (SM) and a
dosing module (DM). The SM integrates a pump, valves, filters, sensors, pressure
controller and the dosing control unit (DCU) within an environmentally secure box. The
DM contains mainly the a PWM dosing valve and is located close to the exhaust pipe
upstream the SCR catalyst. Mid of 2005 the 1st air-assisted UDS DNOx1 was introduced
by IVECO for heavy trucks and busses. Wherever possible the DNOx1 system was then
replaced by the air-less DNOx-2.1 system during 2006
VERY IMPORTANT!
Intake air Bosch re-branded the system
humidity
& temp. DNOx-2.0 ST10 CCV-less as
sensor
Air DNOx-2.1
filter
Dosing
Module
Supply
ECU Module
DEF mixer
DCU
NOx AdBlue/DEF
Temperature sensor Temperature sensor
sensor level &
downstream upstream
temperature
sensor
SCR
For prototype and final installation layouts please ask for detailed supplier customer information
Pressure sensor
Temperature sensor
Filter
4/2-way valve
Supply pressure: 5 bar
Actuator control: DCU 15
Software P910
Diaphragm pump
Relevant note according to DNOx-2.1 TCD (KQ44023107, Rel. 5, p. 6; KQ44022108, Rel. 5, p. 8), “Used
parts: Close all NOx reduction agent AUS 32 connectors with caps”:
Usage of protection caps for the hydraulic connectors is absolutely mandatory if Denoxtronic 2.1
components are stored, disassembled from the vehicle and/or hydraulic hoses are disconnected.
Hydraulic connectors of the Denoxtronic 2.1 components must be covered to prevent ingress of dirt and
crystallisation
21-05-2013
of residual DEF, which might
CONFIDENTIAL result in malfunctions of the Denoxtronic 2.1 system.
SCRsystemInstallationGuideLineDNOx-2_V7.2.ppt 13
DNOx-2.1 CCV-less filters 3/7
SM main filter
10 μm
Filter in DEF/Adblue
supply line (Voss)
100 μm
Prefilter
100 μm
ATTENTION!
It is not allowed to install a
used and/or wet filter, due
to danger of damage and
malfunctions
Note:
Do not dispose parts (filter) in
household refuse
Elect. Connector
to dosing valve
6,5÷7,5 Nm
For prototype and final installation layouts please ask for detailed supplier customer information
For prototype and final installation layouts please ask for detailed supplier customer information
DCU 15
35 pins
connector
filter
BACKFLOW OUTLET
to tank INLET
from tank
BACKFLOW INLET
from DM
pre-filter
OUTLET to DM
For prototype and final installation layouts please ask for detailed supplier customer information
For prototype and final installation layouts please ask for detailed supplier customer information
For prototype and final installation layouts please ask for detailed supplier customer information
For prototype and final installation layouts please ask for detailed supplier customer information
Horizontal 5
°
FPT recommends a
minimum inclination of 5
degrees above the horizon
0
°
Heat
For prototype and final installation layouts please ask for detailed supplier customer information
For prototype and final installation layouts please ask for detailed supplier customer information
Air stream
Heat insulation
For prototype and final installation layouts please ask for detailed supplier customer information
Air stream
Air stream
Heat shield
For prototype and final installation layouts please ask for detailed supplier customer information
min.5°
flow direction
Exhaust pipe
with integrated
mixer unit for
Cursor engine
(Iveco Stralis)
FPT p/n
4129 6197
temperature sensor
SCR inlet
NOx sensor
temperature sensor
SCR outlet
Donaldson (33,3 L)
• CNH p/n 84366819
• FPT p/n 5801472213
flow direction
110.5 102.5
Motore Rif. Iveco/Iveco nr. Rif. Iveco/Iveco nr. n° di elementi Dimensioni Volume totale
Engine sul certificato/on certificate Acquisto/Buy n. of elements Dimensions Total Volume
TECTOR
NEF 4 V4 V 504135189 UB 5801269081 KZ (AISI 439) 1 9,5"x10" 11,6 l
9,5"x11"
TECTOR
NEF 6 V6 V 504135192 UB 5801269066 KZ (AISI 439) 1+1 17,2 l
5,66"x11"
5041 35181
5041 35189
5041 35186
5041 35192
8424 7696
CNH combines
8425 6315
CNH wheel loader
V-clamp for NEF exhaust pipe/muffler connection, FPT p/n 504 105 924,
tightening torque 7 Nm
Iveco standard SCR muffler in combination with Iveco standard exhaust pipes
have been intensively tested and are released for best NOx conversion and
the avoidance of urea deposits
For custom made exhaust pipes pay attention to the following boundary Reference point mixer
(RP, see pages 34/42)
conditions:
Minimum pipe length between turbine outlet flange and dosing module
(DM) reference point (RP) is 230 mm
Straight pipe distances from inlet bend to the dosing module (RP) and
DM (RP) to outlet bend should exceed following values:
30 deg. bend > 150 mm
45 deg. bend > 200 mm
90 deg. bend > 300 mm
For more details see next pages
Adopting std. on-road IVECO SCR mufflers, following min. distances
between DM (RP) & SCR muffler inlet have to be respected:
320 mm for NEF rectangular mufflers (504135 181/189/186/192)
1200 mm for Cursor horizontal & vertical mufflers
An insulated elbow/exhaust piping downstream of the DEF mixer is
recommended if the above values cannot be accommodated
Depending on engine rating, application and operation profile an exhaust pipe
insulation might be necessary (e.g. garbage collector)
To prevent urea deposits, bad designed / manufactured V-clamps, sharp
edges or welding seams, creating cold spots / flow disturbances directly after
the mixer outlet, have to be avoided in the exhaust pipes
Any installation has to be checked and approved by FPT
21-05-2013 CONFIDENTIAL SCRsystemInstallationGuideLineDNOx-2_V7.2.ppt 56
General instructions for modified exhaust pipe layouts 2/5
Dosing
valve axis
Reference
α L_in L_out point (RP)
minimum minimum
SCR inlet
Dosing
valve axis Mixer flange
α
Mixing unit
Mixer
Gas flow
Begin of bend
End of bend L_in* L_out*
No change of diameter on the whole tube / no edges inside the tube (welding to be cleaned)
Gas flow
Begin of bend
End of bend L_in* L_out*
α L_in* L_out*
90° >198 mm 90° >190 mm
45° >98 mm 45° >90 mm
30° >48 mm 30° >40 mm
No change of diameter on the whole tube / no edges inside the tube (welding to be
cleaned)
21-05-2013 CONFIDENTIAL SCRsystemInstallationGuideLineDNOx-2_V7.2.ppt 59
Instructions for modified pipe / muffler layouts 5/5
mixing SCR
mixing pipe
chamber catalyst
16
14
range to be
used
12 2)
mixing SCR
chamber catalyst
10
mixing pipe
6 gas inlet, mixer &
dosing module
4
0.5 1.5 2.5 3.5 4.5 5.5 6.5 7.5
mixing pipe volume [l/100kW]
3)
Additional exhaust pipe limitations: SCR
mixing catalyst
1) mixing pipe not shorter than 650 mm*) for systems with axial gas inlet! chamber
2) mixing pipe not shorter than 550 mm*) for systems with 90° gas redirection!
3) mixing pipe not shorter than 450 mm*) for systems with 180° gas redirection!
*) includes L_out as shown on page 53
mixing pipe
Ask FPT support (last page) for detailed design layout instructions!
FPT recommends maintaining AdBlue/DEF temperature below 50 °C in the tank during operating
conditions. For storage and none operating conditions the limits are specified in ISO DIS 22241-3 standard.
suction port
65 litres AdBlue/DEF standard tank as installed on IVECO Stralis truck on right hand side, available also with
45 litres (4129 8229) and 120 litres (4127 8669). Part numbers refer to complete tank including filler cap with
strainer & WEMA unit with coolant heater coil. Iveco truck tanks are produced by Nova Simplast, 12046 Monta
(CN), Italy
Part numbers for complete tank including filler cap and WEMA tank unit with
heater: 5801345829. WEMA tank unit with heater only: 504349967
21-05-2013 CONFIDENTIAL SCRsystemInstallationGuideLineDNOx-2_V7.2.ppt 68
AdBlue/DEF tank with WEMA multi-function tank unit 9/9
coolant
heater coil
connections
The WEMA multi-function unit contains urea tank level sensor,
level & temp. temperature sensor, suction and return pipe. Frozen AdBlue/DEF can
sensor connection be melted by means of a coolant heater coil. A solenoid which is
actuated by the DCU (Dosing Control Unit) of the DNOx-2.1 SM
controls the engine coolant flow through the heater
urea suction &
return connection Depending on climatic & operating conditions, the tank unit is available
also w/o heater coil. For new tank layouts a custom tailored tank unit is
necessary
For further information please contact: Mr Torsten Artz, Wema-
System AS, +47 55 60 37 52, [email protected]
To keep the application demand for different custom made tank units at a an acceptable
level, the following layout constraints should be met:
Temperature sensor: NTC type; 1kOhm +/-5% @ 25°C
Level sensor recommended characteristic: 70 Ohm at low level; 20kOhm at high level
level Electrical connections:
sensor
coolant
heater
coil
NTC
temperature
sensor
Exhaust pipes
all exhaust pipes downstream the urea injection point have to be manufactured in stainless steel to
prevent corrosion, see table below.
all internal surfaces of exhaust pipes have to be cleaned from additives used for the production
process (e.g. lubricants on bending machines) to prevent SCR catalysts poisoning.
Experiments have shown a strong poisoning effect of alkaline- and alkaline earth metals and phosphor
to the SCR- and NO-oxidation catalysts. Zinc also strongly inhibits the activity of SCR-catalysts.
(Chemische Desaktivierung von SCR – Katalysatoren, FVV Informationstagung, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Prof. Dr. rer. nat. habil. P.
Claus / Dipl.-Ing. M. Lucas).
AdBlue/DEF tanks
most plastic fluid tank materials can Material AdBlue/DEF Ammonia
Material type
be selected for AdBlue/DEF resistant resistant
recommended material is Thermoplastic IXEF yes yes
Polyethylene (PE) PA66 yes yes
depending on production volume PTFE yes yes
different processes are selected by PEEK yes yes
the suppliers (blow or rotation PPS-compounds yes yes
moulding) PVDF Yes yes
depending on the production volume Elastomeric BR yes yes
it is recommended to use one of the CR yes no
Iveco AdBlue tanks combined with HNBR yes no
the adapted WEMA multi-function NR yes yes
unit to avoid customized datasets FPM yes no
EPDM yes yes
Metallic tanks: Austenitic/Martensitic
NBR yes no
Stainless Steels: 1.4571, 1.4541,
Metallic DIN 1.4571 AISI 316Ti yes yes
1.4112, 1.4310.
DIN 1.4541 AISI 321 yes yes
DIN 1.4112 AISI 440B yes yes
Plastic parts in contact with DIN 1.4310 AISI 301 yes yes
AdBlue/DEF
following table shows the suitability
of the different materials
VOSS tubes MLT 8.8x1.4, PA562
are recommended for AdBlue/DEF
21-05-2013 CONFIDENTIAL SCRsystemInstallationGuideLineDNOx-2_V7.2.ppt 71
AdBlue/DEF pipes, hoses and connectors 1/14
Urea lines can be heated by means of engine coolant or electrically (both systems have pros and cons)
There are different suppliers on the market which offer these parts, however it’s important to chose high quality
products as UDS is very sensitive with regard to leakages in the suction pipes
Experiences have shown that not only hoses but also all connectors have to be heated.
Connectors with straight shape are recommended for faster defrosting than with differently shaped connectors
FPT recommends VOSS as sub-system supplier for coolant & electrically heated urea pipes
Contact: Mr M. Karlicsek, +49 22 67 63-5485, [email protected], Mr. P. Quagliotti, +39 011 2673060,
[email protected]
Quality electrically heated hoses can be supplied also by Contitech.
Contact: Mr H. Koch, +49 5631 58-1510, [email protected], Mr H. Dude, +49 5631 58-1119,
[email protected]
Example of a electrically heated AdBlue/DEF hose Section of a coolant heated AdBlue/DEF hose
AdBlue/DEF lines
Heated Line
Connector or
electric power Coolant water pipes
* Values refer to a 24V electrical system. If a DC/DC converter is used for the power supply of the DCU, follow DC/DC converter output
specification
Table 1: Maximum heating currents of DCU 15 (Source: Bosch DCU I/O Description No: 0 281 Y03 5AF)
DCU-connector-Pin Max Current for each power Over current threshold for
Base function
(standard assignment) stage for 100% duty cycle switching off for each power stage
Sectional view:
Outside view
Heating wire
around connector
Coolant hose
connector
Normaquick 90°
0702 8008 012
Normaquick 0°
0702 8009 012
FPT p/n
4124 1950 2nd pre-filter FPT p/n
4124 1949
FPT p/n
FPT p/n
4124 1950
4124 1948
21-05-2013 CONFIDENTIAL SCRsystemInstallationGuideLineDNOx-2_V7.2.ppt 77
AdBlue/DEF pipes, hoses and connectors 7/14
VOSS tubes
Urea: MLT 8.8x1.4, PA562/PUR2621
Coolant: Grilamid 13x1.5 for pre-moulded
tubing (high production volumes!)
or standard coolant hoses for low
production volumes
SM
recommended coolant flow
coolant flow from ~300 l/h @ rated engine speed
crankcase / air
compressor
WABCO shut-
off valve
SM 1 2
DM
return to
water
pump inlet
AdBlue tank
4 6 7 48
Vehicle CAN 1.Fuel Tank
3 2. Engine Control Unit Bosch EDC7UC31/EDC17CV41
Engine CAN 3. Heated fuel pre-filter with water separator & WIF
switch
2 4. Fuel Filter with Fuel Temperature Sensor
5. Damper Volume
8 9 6. igh Pressure Pump with gear pump
7. Fuel metering Valve
8. Rail
5 9. Rail Pressure Sensor
10. Over Pressure Valve
10 11. Solenoid Injectors
12. Air Filter
13. Humidity and T sensor
1 14. eVgt actuator on C9
19 11 15. Compressor
23 16. Intercooler
18. Turbine
Vehicle CAN 60 19. Camshaft Position Sensor
20 20. Oil Pressure and Temperature Sensor
21. Coolant Temperature Sensor
engine coolant 22. Oil Level Sensor (to dashboard, opt.)
42 23. Crankshaft Position Sensor
29. Grid heater via rele
45 30. Exhaust flap (opt.not connected to ECU)
38. SCR T sensor upstream
21 39. SCR T sensor downstream
Engine CAN 40. Wastegate (if not eVGT)
55 42. DCU + supply module DNOx-2.1
54 14 43. DEF level & T sensor
Engine 22
43 CAN
44. DEF injector
61 45. DEF tank
29 46. DEF mixer
49 56 40 48. Boost pressure sensor + air T sensor
13 49. NOx sensor + ECU via CAN
39 12 51. Downpipe
44 52. Tailpipe (with or w/o silencer)
54. Crankcase pressure sensor (for oil dilution ONLY
CURSOR)
SCR 56. Urea Quality sensor TBC
60. DEF heating from engine coolant shut off valve
4
Vehicle CAN
5
1. DEF Tank
2. DEF level & temperature sensor
15
3. Tank heater
4. DCU15
5. Supply module DENOXTRONIC2.0 1
6. Filter 6
7. DEF dosing module
8. SCR temperature sensor 1 3 17
9. SCR Catalyst 15 2
10. DEF mixer
11. Dowpipe
12. SCR temperature sensor 2 Engine CAN
13. NOx sensor
14. NOx sensor ECU 14
15. Pipes Heaters
16. Tailpipe (with or w/o silencer) 8
17. Urea Quality sensor+ ECU (TBC) 7
12 13
9
11 16
10
For prototype and final installation layouts please ask for detailed supplier customer information
21-05-2013 CONFIDENTIAL SCRsystemInstallationGuideLineDNOx-2_V7.2.ppt 92
NOx sensor installed in SCR muffler end pipe 2/6
Sensor installation
orientation
For prototype and final installation layouts please ask for detailed supplier customer information
21-05-2013 CONFIDENTIAL SCRsystemInstallationGuideLineDNOx-2_V7.2.ppt 94
NOx sensor installed in SCR muffler end pipe 4/6
For prototype and final installation layouts please ask for detailed supplier customer information
Note: cable length can not be freely changed!
FPT p/n 41271167 has cable length of 608 mm,
CNH p/n 8429 2579 has a cable length of 908 mm
NOx sensor ECU has to be installed on suitable place. Refer to detailed installation
instructions.
The sensor has to be positioned in provided boss on SCR muffler or on exhaust end
pipe where uniform gas mixture is guaranteed.
NOx sensor has to be mounted in a way, that no condensed water is collected inside
the protection tube of the sensing element. Especially in applications with vertical
exhaust pipes additional protection measures against external water intrusion might
be necessary.
For prototype and final installation layouts please ask for detailed supplier customer information
Requirement for flow & velocity distribution before the NOx sensor: γ > 0.96
good
not good
For prototype and final installation layouts please ask for detailed supplier customer information
NOx sensor is very sensitive with regard to water. Ceramic part
could crack and/or the sensor cell may be poisoned. Therefore
any contact with water due to rain or washing has to be avoided.
Some design samples to avoid water contact on the NOx sensor
are shown here
NOx sensor
positions
drain
holes
NOx
sensor
For prototype and final installation layouts please ask for detailed supplier customer information
2- %RH
3- Gnd
1- VCC
4- °T
FPT p/n
504 101 690
Flow
direction
For prototype and final installation layouts please ask for detailed supplier customer information
Humidity & temperature sensor to be installed on
suitable place with high air velocity (no dead zones) after
air filter, but before blow-by / air compressor
connections.
• It is recommended orienting the sensor facing the air stream to help fluid
/ moisture / soot / particles being drained out
DNOx filters maintenance (p.15); SM filter kit and installation info (p. 16-17); inclination of 5 degrees
F. Papst above the horizon on p.26 not 24 (p.27); new Cursor mixer drawing (p.32-33); add comment on tank
SCRsystemInstallationGuideLi
V6.3 M. Pidria 25-10-2010 design (p.57/58); tank unit add info (p.65); corrected & additional Contitech address, add info (p.68);
neDNOx-2_V6.3.ppt
L.Ferraris FPT p/n pre-filter VOSS (p.75); Mounting interface humidity sensor and mounting position (p.90-91)
F. Papst New FPT Industrial template, increased main filter maintenance for off-road applications (p. 15),
SCRsystemInstallationGuideLi bugs correction, insert note about the new Bosch brand DNOx-2.1 (p. 11), added SCR mufflers
V7.0 M. Pidria 03-05-2011
neDNOx-2_V7.0.ppt Stage IIIB / Tier4i free market (p. 52), Gen. 2.5 NOx sensor (p. 88), notes on NEF downpipes (p. 56)
L.Ferraris
Usage of protection caps (p. 13); added image of sectional view of DM half holder (p. 18); SCR
SCRsystemInstallationGuideLi M. Pidria mufflers Tier4i for free market Cursor (p. 42-43) and NEF (p. 54-55); added metallic tanks (p. 71);
V7.1 29-11-2011
neDNOx-2_V7.1.ppt S. Neggia Update on electrical heated DEF hose and pipes requirements (p. 72-73-74)