Scribd
Upload
846 views4 pages

Script For Presentation Hydro

The document discusses the major components of a hydroelectric power plant and how they work together to generate electricity. It explains that a dam holds back water to create a reservoir, and a control gate then releases the water through a penstock to spin turbines connected to generators. The generators produce electricity from the kinetic energy of the spinning turbines. The electricity is then increased in voltage by transformers and carried through power lines to utilities and customers. Finally, the used water exits through tailraces and rejoins the natural water flow downstream.

Uploaded by

EARL MARCIAL CAINGCOY
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
846 views4 pages

Script For Presentation Hydro

The document discusses the major components of a hydroelectric power plant and how they work together to generate electricity. It explains that a dam holds back water to create a reservoir, and a control gate then releases the water through a penstock to spin turbines connected to generators. The generators produce electricity from the kinetic energy of the spinning turbines. The electricity is then increased in voltage by transformers and carried through power lines to utilities and customers. Finally, the used water exits through tailraces and rejoins the natural water flow downstream.

Uploaded by

EARL MARCIAL CAINGCOY
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 4

MARY: In This illustration our group hopes to explain the significant functions of the major parts of a

hydroelectric power plant that aids in the process of energy generation. We chose this source of energy
as it offers numerous benefits and advantages which is to be discussed later.

Let us take a closer look into the components of hydropower plant. The power plant itself is
composed of important parts and the especial role of water energy as the main component to be
converted to electricity. The concept of hydropower plant is to use the impact of flowing water through
a dam that will cause the turbine to rotate which turns the generator to produce electricity.

The Dam- holds back the water to create a reservoir. Mostly water sources are lakes, rivers, waterfalls,
and large bodies of water and will also serve as the water storage. San Roque dam is the largest
hydropower multi-purpose dam located in San Manuel, Pangasinan is a good example of a large water
reservoir.

Control Gate- controls the surge of the water, as the gate opens the gravity pulls the water through the
penstock. When the water flows through the pipe it builds up pressure that will make the turbine spin

Turbine- as the water strike the blades of the turbine it will cause them to rotate in which is connected
to the generator. The common type of turbines used in dams is the Francis turbine which is also used in
San Roque hydroelectric power plant in the form of vertical Shaft francis.

Trivia: Coomon types of turbine

1. Pelton = tangential – high altitudes- waterfalls


2. Kaplan= axial-low condition flows of water
3. Francis= Mixed

EARL

Generator - As the turbine blades turn, so do a series of magnets inside the generator. Giant magnets
rotate past copper coils producing alternating current (AC) by moving electrons.

DITO SA GENERATOr nacoconvert ang mechanical (kinetic) energy to electrical energy

Transformer- the transformer inside the powerhouse takes the AC and converts it to higher-voltage
current

transformers also reduce the voltage so electricity can be divided up and directed throughout an
area.

Powerlines or cable- out of every power plant come four wires: the three phases of power being
produced simultaneously plus a neutral or ground common to all three.
act much like a highway system. Instead of cars, the lines carry electrical energy from
hydropower to local utilities across the country. These utilities distribute electricity on to homes
and businesses.

Taleraces- the tail water or the used water is being carried and re-enters the river
downstream.
The tail race, containing tail water, is a channel that carries water away from a
hydroelectric plant or water wheel. The water in this channel has already been used to
rotate turbine blades or the water wheel itself. This water has served its purpose, and
leaves the power generation unit or water wheel area.[2]Water flowing from a
hydroelectric plant in the tail race eventually joins the natural flow of water.

JL

The energy transformation occurs in the hydroelectric power plant is from gravitational potential
energy-kinetic energy-mechanical enery-electricity.

Going back to san Roque hydropower plant as an example, its electricity generation capacity is 435MW
thus it falls into the category of large hydroelectric power plant. Its purpose is not only to generate
electricity but also for irrigation, flood control, and improvement of water quality.

Trivia ; Categories of Hydropower plant with respect to size

1. Large Hydropower plant – exceeds 100 MW


2. Small hydropower plant- FEWER THAN 10 MW
3. Mini hydropower plants- RANGES FROM 1MW-5MW
4. Micro hydropower plants- RANGES FROM O.1MW-1MW

ADVANTAGES

1. DURABLE
2. FLEXIBLE
3. GOOD FOR THE ENVIRONMENT- DOES NOT USE ANY FOSSSIL FUELS NOR PRODUCES ANY
HARMFUL EMISSIONS
4. RELIABLE AND HIGHLY EFFICIENT

DISADVANTAGES

1. IT HAS ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT- DESTRUCTS THE NATURAL HABITAT OF PLANTS AND


ANIMALS. Can also be the cause for relocation of people
2. EXPENSIVE IN CONSTRUCTION
3. THERE ARE LIMITED RESERVOIRS
4. EXTREME WEATHER CONDITION SUCH AS DROUGHT
5. NOT ALWAYS SAFE

SOCIETAL ISSUES

1. Dam construction causes relocation of people


2. Destruction of natural habitat
3. Deforestation due to the construction of access roads and grid connection power lines.
4. Can cause flooding when there is the need to release a great amount of water when the dam
reaches its maximum level of water storage. This usually happens during rainy a season that
affects the households near the location of the hydropower plant.

INPUTS FOR THE POSTER

1. RESERVOIR- the stored water from a certain water source


-possesses gravitational potential energy

2. CONTROL GATE- controls the surge of the water towards the


turbine
-the transformation from potential to kinetic
energy happens when water is released
3. TURBINE- transforms water energy into mechanical energy
4. GENERATOR- transforms the mechanical energy into
electricity through a series of reaction
5. POWERLINES- carries electrical energy from the generator to
a power company that distributes electricity on households.
6. TAIL RACE- a drainage that contains tail water away from the
hydroelectric power plant
7. going back to the natural flow of water

You might also like