A Detailed Lesson Plan

in Mathematics Grade 8

I. OBJECTIVES
At the end of the lesson, the students should be able to:
a. list the steps using the substitution method;
b. solve linear systems by substitution; and
c. determine whether the system of equations is a consistent, dependent, or an
inconsistent system.

II. SUBJECT MATTER

A. Topic: Solving Systems of Linear Equations by Substitution Method
B. References:
 Andres, Sherwin R., et al., (2014). Simplified Math for Grade 9. Salinlahi Publishing
House, Inc. page 85
 Jose-Dilao, Soledad. Ed.D., et al., (2003). New Trends in Math Series Algebra II Functional
Approach Lesson Plans for Teachers. Vibal Publishing House, Inc. pp. 9-14
 Nivera, Gladys C., et., (2008). Making Connections in Mathematics: A Worktext for
Second Year High School. Vicarish Publication & Trading, Inc. pp. 11-14
C. Materials:
 Manila Paper
 PowerPoint Presentation
D. Strategies:
 Cooperative Learning
 Discussion

III.PROCEDURE

Teacher’s Activity Student’s Activity

A. Motivation
You have already discussed about
graphing systems of linear equations.
Before we proceed to our next topic. Let
us have an activity first. You will be grouped
according to the column you belong. 1
answering board will be given to each group.
You will be given 10 seconds to answer
whether the graph is a consistent, inconsistent
or dependent system. Identify also whether the
system has exactly one solution, no solution, or
has an infinite number of solutions. 2 points
for every correct answer.
1. y

l1 l2

2.
y
l1

l2

3. l1 y l2

x
4.
y

l2

l1
x

5. y

l2 l1

y l1
6.

l2

x
 Answer:
1. Consistent system
One solution
2. Dependent system
Infinitely many solutions
3. Inconsistent system
No solution
4. Consistent system
One solution
5. Dependent system
Infinitely many solutions
6. Consistent system
One solution

B. Lesson Proper

What can you say about the activity?

Interesting, enjoyable and challenging.
Okay. Our topic for today is about solving
systems of linear equations by substitution
method.
What are the steps in using substitution
method in solving systems of linear
equations? First, solve one of the equations for one
variable.

Second?
Substitute the expression that is equal to one
variable in the other equation, and then solve
the resulting equation.
How about the third?
Substitute the value of the variable in step 2 in
either equation, and then solve the resulting
equation.
And lastly?
Check the solution by substituting both values
in each equation.
That is right. Consider these examples so
that you can understand it clearly.
1. x + y=1 ( eq . 1 )
x−2 y=−2(eq .2)

Follow the steps:

a. Solve for x in eq. 1
x + y=1
x¿− y +1 (eq. 3)
 b. Substitute (− y +1) for x in eq. 2 and
solve for y.
x−2 y=−2
(− y +1 )−2 y=−2
−3 y +1=−2
−3
y=
−3
y=1
c. Solve for x by substituting 1 in eq. 3
x=− y +1
x=−1+1
x=0

d. Check the solution by substituting

both values in each equation.
Eq. 1 x + y=1
0+1=1
1=1
Eq. 2 x−2 y=−2
0−2 (1 ) =−2
−2=−2
The solution is (0,1).
The system is consistent.

There are cases where the variables cancel

each other out resulting in a false statement.
Just like this example:

2. −3 x+ y=4 Eq .1
6 x−2 y=−1 Eq .2

a. −3 x+ y=4
y=3 x +4
b. 6 x−2 y=−1
6 x−2(3 x +4 )=−1
6 x−6 x−8=−1
−8=−1
False Statement

This implies that there is no solution.

And what kind of system it is when there is no
solution?
Inconsistent system Ma’am.
Very good. Another also is when the
variables cancel each other out resulting in a
true statement.
 3. −5 x+ 2 y =3 Eq . 1
10 x−4 y=−6 Eq . 2

a. −5 x+ 2 y =3
2 y=5 x+ 3
( 5 x +3)
y=
2
b. 10 x−4 y=−6
4 (5 x +3)
10 x− =−6
2
20 x−20 x−12=−12
0=0
True Statement
This means that the system of linear
equations is a dependent system. Any ordered
pair that satisfies either equation is a solution.

4. x− y =6
x + y=5
5. 3 x− y=−2
x + y=4
Solution:
Who would like to try number 4? 4. x− y =6 Eq. 2
x + y=5 Eq .1

a. x + y=5
y=−x+5 Eq . 3

b. x− y =6
x−(−x +5 )=6
x + x−5=6
2 x=11
11
x=
2
c. y=−x+5
−11
y= +5
2
−1
y=
2
d. Eq. 1 x + y=5
11 1
− =5
2 2
5=5

Eq. 2 x− y =6
 11 1
+ =6
That’s correct. How about number 5? 2 2
6=6

5. 3 x− y=−2 Eq . 2
x + y=4 Eq .1

a. x + y=4
y=−x+ 4 Eq. 3
b. 3 x− y=−2
3 x−(−x+ 4)=−2
3 x+ x−4=−2
4 x=2
1
x=
2
c. y=−x+ 4
−1
y= +4
2
7
y=
2
d. Eq. 1 x + y=4
1 7
+ =4
2 2
4=4

Eq. 2 3 x− y=−2
1 7
3()
2 2
− =−2
3 7
− =−2
2 2
−2=−2

C. Generalization

Again, what are the steps in solving

equations? The steps are:
1. Solve one of the equations for one
variable.
2. Substitute the expression that is equal to
one variable in the other equation, and
then solve the resulting equation.
3. Substitute the value of the variable in
step 2 in either equation, and then solve
the resulting equation.
 4. Check the solution by substituting both
How do we determine if the system of values in each equation.
linear equations is consistent system?
If the values of the variables can be
computed then the solution consists of the
values of the two variables.
How about inconsistent system?

If the variables cancel each other out

resulting in a false statement then there is no
And dependent system? solution.

If the variables cancel each other out

resulting in a true statement then any ordered
pair that satisfies either equation is a solution.

IV. EVALUATION

Teacher’s Activity Student’s Activity

Answer numbers 1 and 2 page Solution:

85(Workbook) in a 1 whole sheet of paper. 1. y=2 x Eq . 1
Direction: Find the solution of the x +2 y =8 Eq .2
following system of linear equations using the a. x +2 y =8
substitution method. x +2(2 x)=8
x +4 x=8
1. y=2 x 5 x=8
x +2 y =8 8
x=
2. y=3 x 5
x +2 y =−21 b. y=2 x
8
y=2 ()
5
16
y=
5
c. Substitute the ordered pair ( 85 , 165 )
to the equations.
Eq. 1 y=2 x
16 8
5
=2 ()5
16 16
=
5 5
 Eq. 2 x +2 y =8
8 16
5
+2 ( )
5
=8
8 32
+ =8
5 5
40
=8
5
8=8
8 16
The solution is ( ,
5 5 ).

2. y=3 x Eq.1
x +2 y =−21 Eq. 2

a. x +2 y =−21
x +2(3 x)=−21
x +6 x=−21
7 x=−21
x=−3
b. y=3 x
y=3 (−3)
y=−9
c. Substitute the ordered pair (−3 ,−9 )
to the equations.
Eq. 1 y=3 x
−9=3(−3)
−9=−9
Eq. 2 x +2 y =−21
−3+2(−9)=−21
−3−18=−21
−21=−21

The solution is (−3 ,−9 ).

V. ASSIGNMENT

Answer numbers 3-5 on page 85 in your notebook.

3. x=2 y
4 x+2 y=15
4. x−2 y=5
3 x−5 y=8
5. 3 x+ 5 y =2 x
x +3 y= y

Checked by:

JOHN MICHAEL LUMABAO

Teacher Training Instructor

Date of Demonstration Teaching:

January 25, 2016