Mathematics 10

Quarter 2
Self-Learning Module 5
Circle and Its Arcs
 EXPECTATIONS

1. Recall the definition of a circle and its part.

2. Recall terminologies related to circle.
3. Derive inductively the relations among chords, arcs, central angles and
inscribed angles.

PRETEST

Direction: Read each question carefully and choose the letter that corresponds to
the correct answer.

1. It refers to an arc whose measure is less than 180°.

A. Minor Arc C. Major Arc
B. Semicircle D. Intercepted Arc

2. It is a term referring to an angle whose vertex is at the center of the circle and
whose sides are radii of the circle.
A. Circumscribed Angle C. Inscribed Angle B
B. Central Angle D. Intercepted Angle

3. From the given figure, what do you call ABC? A C

D
A. Minor Arc C. Semicircle
B. Major Arc D. Intercepted Arc

4. Given circle A with diameter DY, if the mSAD=70, what is S

the mSAY?
A. 150 C. 70
B. 110 D. 20 D Y
A
5. Given ⦿ D at the right, what is the measure of ZP if the sum
measure of PF and FZ is equal to 290°?

A. 35 C. 110 Z
B. 70 D. 360
F D

P
 RECAP

Directions: Can you still recall your Grade 7 topic about circle? Use ⦿ G below to
identify the term described in each of the following definitions.

Arc B Central Angle

Center
Radius

Inscribed Angle A C
G
Diameter
Chord F D
E

1. It is a part of a circle or a portion of the circumference of a circle.

2. An angle formed where the vertex is at the center of a circle.
3. A segment that connects any 2 points on the circumference of a circle.
4. It is a fixed point equidistant from all points on the circle.
5. A special chord that always passes through the center of a circle.
6. A segment formed from the center to any point on the circle.
7. An angle whose vertex is on a circle and whose sides are the chords of a circle.

LESSON

Did you know that “circle” comes from the Greek word “Kirkos” which means
ring? The invention of a wheel in circular shape is considered as one of the most
important discoveries in human history. In addition, circle is also used as a symbol
of infinity which means it is never ending. From Grade 7, you have learned some
terms which are related to circles such as center, radius, diameter, chord, etc. In
this self-learning module, let us take a deeper understanding of these terminologies.
CIRCLE

A CIRCLE is a set of infinite number of points equidistant from a fixed point called
center.

The CENTER as a point can be used to name the circle.

The RADIUS is a segment from the center going to any point on a circle.

The CHORD is any segment which connects any two points on a circle.

The DIAMETER is a chord that will always pass through the center of the circle.
Illustrative Examples:
N Name of the circle: Circle S or ⦿ S
Radii (plural of radius): ̅̅̅̅
SO, ̅̅̅̅
SM and ̅̅̅
SP
S
M O Chords : MN, ̅̅̅̅
̅̅̅̅̅ RQ, and ̅̅̅̅̅
MO
Diameter: ̅̅̅̅̅
MO
R

P
Q

Central and Inscribed Angle

Recall that a central angle of a circle is an angle

formed by two rays whose vertex is on the center of the circle.
Each ray intersects the circle at a point, dividing it into arcs.
In the given figure at the right, FGH is a central angle. Its
sides divide ⦿ G into arcs. One arc is the curve containing
points H and F. The other arc is the curve containing points
F, E, and H.
Inscribed angle, on the other hand, is an angle whose G
vertex lies along the circumference of the circle and whose M
sides contain 2 chords of the circle. In the figure, GMA is an B
inscribed angle where vertex M lies along the circumference
and with sides MG and MA as chords of the circle.
A
Arc
An ARC is a part of a circle that can be classified in three different types,
namely: minor arc, major arc and semicircle.
Minor Arc is an arc whose measure is less than half of a circle. It is named
by using the two endpoints of the arc.
Major Arc is an arc whose measure is more than half of a circle. It is named
by using the two endpoints and another point on the arc.
Semicircle is an arc whose measure is exactly one-half of the circumference
of the circle or it is an arc with a degree measure of exactly 180 degrees. It is named
by using the two endpoints of a diameter and another point on the arc.
It is noteworthy to mention that in naming an arc, you can choose the points
either in clockwise or counterclockwise manner.

Illustrative Examples:
U
V Minor Arc: VW, UW and TX
Major Arc: WVX, WUX and WTX
T Semicircle: TUW, TVW and TXW
W
X Y
DEGREE MEASURE OF AN ARC U

1. The degree measure of a minor arc is the measure

of the central angle which intercepts the arc.
Example: P
L
LPU is a central angle. LU is an intercepted arc.
If mLPU = 120, then mLU = 120.
X
2. The degree measure of a semicircle is 180° S
Example:
If US is a diameter, then mSLU=180 and mUXS=180

3. The degree measure of a major arc is equal to

360° minus the measure of the minor arc with the
same endpoints.
Example:
If mLU =120, then mUXL = 360 – mLU.
mUXL = 360 – 118
mUXL = 242

THE ARC ADDITION POSTULATE

The measure of the arc formed by two adjacent
arcs is the sum of the measures of the two arcs.

mFG = mFT + mTG

Example:
Given: mWR=47 and mRB=150, find mWRB and W
mBMW.
R

Using Arc Addition Postulate: O

mWRB = mWR + mRB W
w
= 47 + 150
= 197 B
The degree measure of a circle is 360.
mWRB + mBMW = 360 By Arc Addition Postulate.
197 + mBMW = 360 By Law of Substitution.
mBMW = 360 – 197 Subtract 197 from each side of the equation.
mBMW = 163
CONGRUENT CIRCLES AND CONGRUENT ARCS
Congruent circles are circles with congruent radii.
Example: P
PR is a radius of ⦿ R . ZQ is a radius of ⦿ Q.
R Q
If PR = ZQ, then ⦿ R ≅ ⦿ Q.
Z
Congruent Arcs are arcs of the same circle or of
congruent circles with equal measures. B
E
Example:
D
In ⦿R, DB ≅ HL. P
If ⦿ R ≅ ⦿X, then DB ≅ EP and HL ≅ EP. R
55° X

H L
ACTIVITIES

ACTIVITY 1: LET’S PRACTICE!

Direction: Using ⦿ O, what terminology related to circle is
being identified in each of the following given.

1. ̅̅̅̅
OP 6. ̅̅̅̅
OA 11. SPA
2. ̅̅̅
SP ̅̅̅̅
7. AK 12. AOM
3. ̅̅̅̅
AP 8. Pt. O 13. ̅̅̅̅̅
𝑀𝐾
4. AOK 9. KAP 14. ̅̅̅̅̅
MO
5. MKA ̅̅̅̅
10. OK
Direction: Classify the given arc below as minor Y
arc, major arc or semicircle. Given that ND and
YQ are diameters of circle C.
15. YD 18. DNQ
C
16. QD 19. NWD N D
17. NYD 20. YW

W
Q
 VALUING

REFLECTION: (Journal Writing)

Do you agree that life is like a circle? How will you apply in your life the saying
“Life is like a circle, what goes around, comes around.” Share your thoughts and
insights in 3-5 sentences and write these in your notebook.

POSTTEST

Direction: Read each question carefully and choose the letter that corresponds to
the correct answer.

1. What is an angle formed by two radii and whose vertex is always on the center of
the circle?
A. Right Angle C. Inscribed Angle
B. Central Angle D. Obtuse Angle

2. A minor arc is an arc whose measure is _________ than 180°.

A. equal C. more
B. less D. greater

R
3. Given circle O at the right, what do you call RSM?
A. Minor Arc C. Major Arc
M S
B. Semi-Circle D. Central Arc O

4. Given that PQK is a semicircle and mPAQ=56,

what is the degree measure of KQ? Q
A. 34° C. 124°
B. 56° D. 142°
P K
A
5. In the given ⦿ X, find the measure LS if the sum
degree measure of LB and SB is 335°?
A. 25° C. 52°
B. 35° D. 53° L

S X

B
Mathematics 10
Quarter 2
Self-Learning Module 6
Central Angle
 EXPECTATIONS

1. Derive inductively the relations among chords, arcs, central angles and
inscribed angles.
2. Identify a central angle and its corresponding intercepted arc.
3. Find the measure of a central angle in relation to its intercepted arc and vice
versa.

PRETEST

Direction: Read each question carefully and choose the letter that corresponds to
the correct answer.

1. It is the sum measures of the central angles of a circle with no common interior
points.
A. 720° C. 180°
B. 360° D. 90°

2. What do you call an angle formed when two radii meet at the center of a circle?
A. Central Angle C. Inscribed Angle
B. Intercepted Angle D. Obtuse Angle

3. Given circle A on the right, what is the mPAL if m PL=65?

A. 32.5 C. 65
B. 50 D. 130

4. What is the measure of CAK given the circle A on the right?

A. 15° C. 75°
B. 25° D. 90°

5. How will you describe the relationship existing between the measure of the central
angle and its intercepted arc in a circle?
A. Equal C. Twice
B. Half D. Less than
 RECAP
Using the given circle below, supply the missing information to complete each
statement.

1. AX, AY, AZ, AV and AW are the __________ of circle A.

2. VX and _______ are the diameters of the circle.
3. ZWX is a ________ arc.
4. If m YX = 45 then m ZYX=_____.
5. If m YX = 45 then m WX=_____.
6. If m YX = 45 then m WVX=_____.

LESSON

In the previous self-learning module, you have learned about arcs, its
classifications and measurements. To have a deeper understanding on the
relationship existing between the arcs and the angles in a circle, in this self-learning
module, you will learn about central angle.
A central angle is an angle whose vertex lies on
the center of the circle and whose sides are the radii
(plural of radius) of the circle. The figure on the right
shows that FGH is a central angle with vertex at point
G which is the center of the circle and with legs ̅̅̅̅
𝐺𝐹 and
̅̅̅̅ which are radii of the circle.
𝐺𝐻
It is noteworthy to mention that ∠𝐴𝐵𝐶 , ∠𝐷𝐸𝐹 and
𝑟𝑒𝑓𝑙𝑒𝑥 ∠𝐺𝐻𝐼 in the following figures also illustrate central
angles. G
A D

H
B E

I
C
F
Minor Arc Semicircle Major Arc
 THE CENTRAL ANGLE - INTERCEPTED ARC POSTULATE

The measure of a central angle

of a circle is equal to the measure of its
intercepted arc.

̂
mGMA = m𝐺𝐴

Illustrative Examples:
A

80°
80°
Given ⦿B, if mABC = 80 then m AC = 80.
B
C

L Given ⦿C, if mLCM=110 then m LM=110.

70° 110°
mPL + mLM =180 since they formed a semicircle.
P 70°
110° mPL + 110 =180
C mPL = 180 – 110
M
mPL = 70

If mPL = 70, then mLCP = 70.

DEFINITION: SUM OF CENTRAL ANGLES

The sum measures of the central angles of a circle with no

common interior points is 360°.

Remember that the degree measure of all arcs of a circle if added is 360°, it
follows that its central angles when added will also be equal to 360°.

m1 + m2 + m3 + m4 + m 5 = 360

Illustrative Example:

Find the measure of all the unknown given the circle on the
right.

Solution:

From the given, 4 = 105° since its intercepted arc

measures 105°.

105°+ v =180° since they formed a semicircle

v =180° – 105°

v = 75°

If v = 75°, then 1 = 75° by central angle – intercepted arc postulate

If the given central angle is 54°, then x = 54°.

By Vertical Angle Theorem, 1 ≅ 3, thus, 3 = 75°.

If 3 = 75°, then z = 75°.

3 + 2 + 54° = 180° since their intercepted arcs formed a semicircle which is 180°

75° + 2 + 54° = 180°

2 + 129° = 180°

2 = 180° - 129°

2 = 51°

If 2 = 51°, then y = 51°.

To check whether we have obtained the correct answer, add all the central
angles. It should give us a total of 3600.

54° + 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 = 360°

54° + 75° + 51° + 75° + 105° = 360°

360° = 360°

Alternatively, we can use the sum of the measures of all the intercepted arcs:

105° + v + x + y + z = 360°

105° + 75° + 54° + 51° + 75° = 360°

360° = 360°
 ACTIVITIES

ACTIVITY 1: LET’S PRACTICE!

Directions: Complete the missing information using Circle O below:

Central Angle Intercepted Arc

1. POU ______________ P U
2. POQ ______________
3. ROT ______________
4. 1 ______________ T
Q
1 2
5. 2 ______________
O
6. _____________ UT
7. _____________ RS R S
8. _____________ PR
9. _____________ QPT
10. _____________ RPT

ACTIVITY 2: KEEP PRACTICING!

Directions: Who am I? Decode the name of this prominent Pasigueño by solving each
of the following given circles:
emaze.com

75° 140° 34° 152° 105° 90° 80° 270° 60° 140° 90°
 x
34°

x 105°
x

220°

P K O
105°

x
x

28°
x
y

E L S
70° x
x

x
30° 65° 55°

A N T

ACTIVITY 3: TEST YOURSELF!

Directions: The circle graph shows the types of trash in a typical barangay in Pasig
City. Find the measure of each central angle to the nearest whole number.

AMOUNT OF TRASH
1. Food Waste
Food Waste Glass Metals Paper Plastic Yard Waste Others
2. Glass
5%
3. Metals 14%
11%
2%
4. Paper
12%
5. Plastic 16%

6. Yard Waste

7. Others
40%
 POSTTEST

Direction: Read each question carefully and choose the letter that corresponds to
the correct answer.

1. The measure of a central angle of a circle is equal to the measure of its

________________.
A. Central Arc C. Minor Arc
B. Intercepted Arc D. Major Arc

2. Given circle T on the right, what is the mBTS if m BS = 70?

A. 140 C. 35
B. 70 D. 17.5

3. What is the sum measures of the central angles of a circle with no common
interior points?
A. 90° C. 270°
B. 180° D. 360°

4. What is the measure of PBS given the circle B on the right?

A. 25° C. 90°
B. 65° D. 155°

5. It is an angle formed in a circle where the vertex lies on the center and its sides
are radii of the circle.
A. Inscribed Angle C. Central Angle
B. Intercepted Angle D. Obtuse Angle
Mathematics 10
Quarter 2
Self-Learning Module 7
Inscribed Angle
 EXPECTATIONS

1. Derive inductively the relations among chords, arcs, central angles and
inscribed angles.
2. Identify an inscribed angle and its corresponding intercepted arc.
3. Find the measure of an inscribed angle in relation to its intercepted arc and vice
versa.

PRETEST

Direction: Read each question carefully and choose the letter that corresponds to
the correct answer.

1. It is an arc lying in the interior of an inscribed angle and whose endpoints lie on
the angle.
A. Minor Arc C. Major Arc
B. Semicircle D. Intercepted Arc

2. What is the measure of an inscribed angle whose intercepted arc is a semicircle?

A. 45° C. 180°
B. 90° D. 360°

3. What is an angle formed by two chords that have common endpoint on the circle?
A. Central Angle C. Inscribed Angle
B. Intercepted Angle D. Obtuse Angle

4. Given circle D on the right, what is the mBRO if mBDO=50? B

A. 25 C. 75
B. 50 D. 100 R D

5. Quadrilateral SMIL is inscribed in circle E. If mSMI=78

O
and mMSL=95, find mMIL. M
A. 78 C. 95
B. 85 D. 102

E I

L
 RECAP

Using the given figure below, tell whether the following statement is TRUE or FALSE.

1. The name of the circle is circle G. B

2. ̅̅̅̅
GA, ̅̅̅̅
GC, ̅̅̅̅
GB and ̅̅̅̅
DA are radii of the circle.
3. Angle BGC is a central angle.
4. Arc ABC and arc ACD are semicircle.
5. CD is a minor arc.
G
6. If AGB measures 95°, then AB also measures 95°...A C
7. Segment AD is a diameter.
8. If mCD=40 then mDA=145.
9. If mAB = 100 then mBGC=80. D
10. ABC measures 180°.

Point G is the center.

LESSON

In the previous self-learning module, you have learned about central angle
and its properties. Remember that central angle is an angle formed by two radii
whose vertex is on the circle. The measure of the central angle is equal to the measure
of its intercepted arc. In this self-learning module, you are going to learn another
angle formed on the circle called inscribed angle and how this angle is similar or
different from the central angle.

INSCRIBED ANGLE:
An inscribed angle is an angle formed by two chords that have a common
endpoint on the circle. This common endpoint is the vertex of the angle. The other
two endpoints of the chords defines the intercepted arc of the inscribed angle. The
intercepted arc is a section of the circumference that lies inside the angle or it is a
part of the circumference bounded by the endpoints of the legs of the angle.
G

In the figure given at the left, MGA is an inscribed

angle where vertex G lies along the circumference and its
M O two sides are chords ̅̅̅̅̅
𝐺𝑀 and ̅̅̅̅
𝐺𝐴 while its intercepted arc
is MA or AM.

A
Illustrative Examples:

G G G

Inscribed Angle Not an inscribed Angle Not an inscribed Angle

Remember, an angle intercepts an arc if it satisfies the following conditions:

i) the endpoints of the arc lie on the angle,

ii) all other points of the arc are in the interior of the angle, and
iii) each side of the angle contains an endpoint of the arc

B
THE INSCRIBED ANGLE THEOREM
The measure of an inscribed angle 𝟏
𝒎𝐀 = 𝒎𝑩𝑪
is one-half the measure of its 𝟐
C
intercepted arc.
A

There are three cases to consider when writing a proof of this theorem, but we will
just use one case which is “The center of the circle lies on one side of the angle”.

L
Given:  KLM inscribed in S and LK is a diameter.
1 X
Prove: m  KLM = 𝑚𝑀𝐾
2 S
̅̅̅̅ and let mKLM = x
Draw 𝑀𝑆

M
K
Proof:

Statements Reasons

1.  KLM is inscribed in S and ̅̅̅̅

𝐿𝐾 is
Given
a diameter

2. ̅̅̅
𝐿𝑆 ≅ ̅̅̅̅
𝑀𝑆 All radii are congruent.

3. LMS is an isosceles triangle Definition of Isosceles Triangle.

4.  KLM ≅  LMS Isosceles Triangle Theorem

The measure of congruent angles
5. m  KLM = m  LMS
are equal.

6. m  KLM = x Substitution Property

The measure of the exterior angle

of a triangle is equal to the sum of
7. m  KSM = 2x
the measures of its remote interior
angles.
The measure of a central angle is
8. m  KSM =m MK equal to its intercepted arc.
Transitive Property
9. m MK=2x
Substitution Property
10. m MK = 2(m  KLM)

1 Divide both sides of the equation

11. m  KLM= m MK by 2.
2

Illustrative Example:

In the given figure on the right, ACT is an 60° 120°

C
inscribed angle and AT is its intercepted arc. If mAT=120,
then mACT=60.
T
 More Examples:
B B
150° C
A
60°
P A B P
P
A
G G 50°

G 100°

mBGA=_____ mBGA=_____ mBGA=_____

mBPA=mBA=60 GBA is a semi-circle. 360°- (50°+100°)= mBCA

BA is the intercepted arc 180° - 150° = BA = 30° mBCA = 360°-150° =210°
of inscribed BGA.
BA is the intercepted arc BCA is the intercepted arc of
So, mBGA=30. of inscribed BGA. inscribed BGA.
So, mBGA=15. So, mBGA=105.

This leads to the following corollaries:

Corollary 1:
If an inscribed angle of a circle intercepts a semi-circle
then, the angle is a right angle.

Illustrative Example:

In the figure on the right, NTE intercepts NSE. O

S
If NSE is a semi-circle, then NTE is a right angle.

T
E
More Examples:

P Since BAG is a right angle, mBGA = 90 – 50 = 40

B G
50°
BA is the intercepted arc of inscribed BGA.

So, mBA=2(40)=80.
A

Find mBA.
 112°
G
B GB is the intercepted arc of inscribed GAB.
1
mGAB = (112) = 56
P 2

A Since BGA is a right angle, mGBA=90-56

So, mGBA = 34.

Find mGBA.

Note: Please take note that we can also have other solutions to find what is asked.

Corollary 2:

If a quadrilateral is inscribed in a circle, then its opposite

angles are supplementary.

Illustrative Example:

Quadrilateral DREA is inscribed in circle M. M E

mRDA + mREA =180 D

mDRE + mDAE =180

A
A
Since ABC & ADC are opposite
angles then they are supplementary s.
Find
82° D mABC Thus, BAD & BCD are also opposite
M
angles & supplementary.
B 97° & mBAD
So, mABC = 180 – 82 = 98 and

C mBAD = 180 – 97 = 83
 ACTIVITIES

ACTIVITY 1: LET’S PRACTICE!

Directions: In the figure below, ̅̅̅̅
𝐶𝐸 and ̅̅̅̅
𝐿𝐴 are diameters of circle N. Use the figure
to answer the following:
L
1. Name all inscribed angles in the figure.
2. Which inscribed angles intercept the
following arcs? C N
a. CL c. LE e. CLE
b. AE d. AC
E

A
ACTIVITY 2: KEEP PRACTICING!
Direction: Use the figure below to find the value of x and y:

1. 4. 7.
y
y
x x
76° 82°

x 72°
y

x
2. 5. 8.
y
88°

38° y
x x
60° y

100° 100°
3. y 6.

x x
70°

115° y
 POSTTEST

Direction: Read each question carefully and choose the letter that corresponds to
the correct answer.

1. An arc that lies in the interior of an inscribed angle and has endpoints on the
angle?
A. Minor Arc C. Intercepted Arc
B. Major Arc D. Semi-circle

2. What is an angle whose degree measure is half the degree measure of its
intercepted arc?
A. Inscribed Angle C. Central Angle
B. Intercepted Angle D. Obtuse Angle

3. If an inscribed angle of a circle intercepts a semi-circle, then the angle measures

_____.
A. 180° C. 45°
B. 90° D. 30°
B
4. Quadrilateral ABCD is inscribed in circle E. If the mABC=88 B
and mBAD=105, find mBAD.
A. 75 C. 100
B. 92 D. 150 E C

5. Given circle D on the right, what is the mUFO if mUFO=300?

A. 30 C. 90 D
B. 60 D. 120

F D

O
Mathematics 10
Quarter 2
Self-Learning Module 8
SECANTS, TANGENTS, SEGMENTS
AND SECTORS OF A CIRCLE
 EXPECTATIONS

1. Differentiate secants, tangents, segments and sector of a circle.

2. Illustrate secants, tangents, segments and sectors of a circle.
3. Solve for the area of sector and segment of a circle.

PRETEST

Directions: Read each statement carefully. Choose the letter that correspond to the
correct answer.

1. If line a is tangent to Circle O, how many point/s does the line and the circle have
in common?
A. One C. Three
B. Two D. Infinite

2. What do we call line AB if it intersects circle P at points A and B?

A. Radius C. Tangent
B. Diameter D. Secant

3. It is a region in a circle bounded by a central angle and N

its intercepted Arc.
A. Tangent Line C. Sector
B. Secant Line D. Segment D

4. Which figure shows a line tangent to a circle? M

A. C.

B. D.

N
5. Which of the following terms best described the shaded
portion of the given figure on the right?
M D
A. Segment of a circle C. Sector of a circle
B. Diameter of a circle D. Area of a circle
 RECAP

Directions: Below are the different theorems and properties discussed in the previous
module. Match the given figures at the left with the correct statements at the right
by connecting them with a line.

I II

1.
“The measure of an inscribed

90°
• A.
angle is one-half the measure of
its intercepted arc.”

2.

40° “The measure of an inscribed

• B. angle in a semi-circle is a right
angle.”

3.
90°
120° “If two inscribed angles intercept

60°
• C. the same arc, then the
two angles are congruent.”

4. “Opposite angles of an inscribed

70°
• D.
quadrilateral are
supplementary.
 LESSON

In the previous self-learning modules, you have learned about arcs and angles
formed inside the circle. In this self-learning module, you are going to learn about
lines and its relationship to circle. Particularly, this self-learning module will discuss
on tangent line and secant lines and how to solve for the sector of a circle.

Tangent Line
A tangent to a circle is a line coplanar with the circle and intersects the circle
at exactly one point. The point of intersection of the line and the circle is called the
point of tangency.
Example: In the figure on the right, ⃡𝐻𝐸 intersects
⃡
Cirlce O at P. 𝑯𝑬 is a tangent line and
P is the point of tangency.

Common Tangent
A common tangent is a line that is tangent to two circles in the same plane.

Common Internal Tangents Common External Tangents

intersect the segment joining do not intersect the segment joining
the centers of two circles. the centers of two circles.

Lines x and y are common internal Lines p and r are common external
tangents. tangents.

Internally Tangent Circles Externally Tangent Circles

Circles that are coplanar, share a Circles that are coplanar, share a
common point of tangency, and with common point of tangency, and with
centers that lie on the same side of their centers that lie on opposite sides of
common tangent. their common tangent.
Secant Line
A line that intersects a circle at exactly two points. A secant contains a chord
of a circle. Q

P
Examples: In circle A, ⃡𝑷𝑸 is a secant line intersecting A
the circle at points P and Q.

In circle U, ⃡𝑹𝑺 intersects the circle at R and S and

⃡ is a secant line
also point U which lead that 𝑹𝑺 R
U
which contains a diameter. S

Sector and Segment of a Circle

A sector of a circle is the region bounded by an arc of the circle and two radii
to the endpoints of the arc. To find the area of a sector of a circle, get the product of
𝑚𝑒𝑎𝑠𝑢𝑟𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑎𝑟𝑐
the ratio and the area of the circle.
360
J

Example: The radius of circle K is 8 cm. If m JL = 40, 40°

what is the area of the sector JKL? K

8cm L
Solution: To find the area of a sector JKL:
𝑚𝑒𝑎𝑠𝑢𝑟𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑎𝑟𝑐
a. Determine first the ratio .
360
𝑚𝑒𝑎𝑠𝑢𝑟𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑎𝑟𝑐 40
=
360 360
= =
1
9

b. Find the area (A) of the circle using the equation 𝐴 = 𝜋𝑟 2 , where r
is the length of the radius.
𝐴 = 𝜋𝑟 2 = 𝜋 (8𝑐𝑚)2 = 64 𝜋 𝑐𝑚2

c. Get the product of the ratio and the area of the circle.

1 64𝜋
Area of sector JKL = ( ) (64𝜋 𝑐𝑚2 ) = 𝑐𝑚2
9 9

or approximately equal to 7.11𝑐𝑚2

 A segment of a circle is the region bounded by an arc and segment joining
its endpoints.

Example: The shaded region in the figure below is a segment of circle O. It is the
region bounded by MN and MN . To find the area of the shaded segment in the figure,
Subtract the area of the triangle MON from the area of sector MON.
M
N
If mMN = 90 and the radius of the circle is 5 cm, then
The area of sector MON is one-fourth of the area of the
whole circle. That is, O
1
Area of sector MON = ( ) ( 5𝑐𝑚)2 𝜋
4
1
= ( ) (25𝑐𝑚2 ) 𝜋
4
25
= 𝜋 𝑐𝑚2
4
1 25
In the same figure, the area of ∆MON = (5𝑐𝑚)(5𝑐𝑚) or ∆MON = 𝑐𝑚2 .
2 2
25 25
The area of the shaded segment then is equal to 𝜋 𝑐𝑚2 − 𝑐𝑚2 which is
4 2

approximately 7.14 𝑐𝑚2 .

ACTIVITIES

ACTIVITY 1: LET’S PRACTICE!

Directions: Using circle H, identify whether the following is a Tangent Line, Secant
Line, Segment of a circle or Sector of a circle. Write your answer on the space
provided.

⃡
1. 𝐷𝐽 ____________________
2. ⃡𝐴𝐸 ____________________
3. ⃡𝐶𝐹 ____________________
4. ⃡
𝐼𝐾 ____________________
5. BD ____________________
6. DHE ____________________
7. GA ____________________
8. GHF ____________________
9. ⃡𝐵𝐸 ____________________
10. ⃡𝐿𝐸 ____________________
ACTIVITY 2: KEEP PRACTICING!
Direction: Provide the necessary illustration in each given condition.

1. 2.

Line BC intersect circle P at X. Line DG meets circle K at D and G.

3. 4.

Line m meets circle O at L. Line p intersects circle A at R and S

which form a diameter.
5. 6.

Segment AB of circle E. Segment FG of circle Q.

7. 8.

Sector QMT Sector RTG as a quadrant of circle T.

9. 10.

Segment YO of circle D and A line intersects circle J at C and D and

intersected by line NB at O. forming sector CJD.
 POSTTEST

Directions: Read each statement carefully. Choose the letter that correspond to the
correct answer.

1. What do we call line UT if it intersects circle K at points U and T?

A. Tangent C. Radius
B. Secant D. Diameter
A
2. A sector of a circle is a part of a circle determine by two ________
50°
and it is a region bounded by a central angle and its intercepted
arc. C
A. Chords C. Diameters 5cm B
B. Radii D. Arcs

3. How many point/s does a line and a circle have in common if the line is tangent
to the circle?
A. Infinite C. Two
B. One D. Three

E
4. Which of the following terms best describes the given figure
on the right?
A. Segment of a circle C. Sector of a circle D C
B. Diameter of a circle D. Area of a circle

5. Which figure shows a line tangent to a circle?

A. C.

B. D.