INICIO: 19/10/2021 ( 38/40 CLASES)

Simple Present Simple Past Simple Future

I read nearly every day. Last night, I read an I will read as much as I
entire novel. can this year.

Present Continuous Past Continuous Future Continuous

I am reading I was reading Edgar I will be reading

Shakespeare at the Allan Poe last night. Nathaniel Hawthorne
moment. soon.

Present Perfect Past Perfect Future Perfect

I have read so many I had read at least I will have read at least
books I can’t keep 100 books by the 500 books by the end of
count. time I was twelve. the year.

Present Perfect Past Perfect Future Perfect

Continuous Continuous Continuous

I have been reading I had been reading I will have been reading
since I was four years for at least a year for at least two hours
old. before my sister before dinner tonight.
learned to read.

WEEK 1:

- Vowels/abecedary
- Numbers
- Introduce yourself
- Talk about family/work/studies
- Vocabulary: in/at
- Verb To be
- Vocabulary: Pronouns / Possessive pronouns
 ABECEDARY

A - B - C - D - E - F - G - H - I - J - K - L -M - N
O - P - Q - R - S - T - U - V - W - X - Y -Z

ei - bi -ci- di- i- ef- gi- eich-ai- jey- key- el - em - en -

ou-pi- qiu-ar- es- ti - iu - bi - dabliu - ex - way - zi

VOWELS

sounds: (alphabet) - (similar to spanish) long

A a: /eɪ/
E e: /iː- / beach-bitch / sheet - shit
I i: /aɪ/
O o: /oʊ/
U u: /ju /
Y : vowel sound ex. grey ( gris) why (ai)(por qué)
yellow
How do you spell …. ? / Could you spell your name?
Bernal - camacho // 0

https://ingles-practico.com/basico/lecturas-basicas/le
ctura-sencilla3.html

NUMBERS
● Cardinals:
● Ordinals:
● 1st - first
● 2nd - second
● 3rd - third
● 4th - fourth
● 5th - fifth
● 6th - sixth
● 7th - seventh
● 8th - eighth
● 9th - ninth
● 10th - tenth
● 11th - eleventh
● 12th - twelfth
● 13th - thirteenth
● 14th - fourteenth
● 15th - fifteenth
● 16th - sixteenth
● 17th - seventeenth
● 18th - eighteenth
● 19th - nineteenth
● 20th - twentieth
● 21st - twenty-first
● 22nd - twenty-second
● 23rd - twenty-third
● 30th - thirtieth
● 40th - fortieth
● 50th - fiftieth
● 60th - sixtieth
● 70th - seventieth
● 80th - eightieth
● 90th - ninetieth
● 100th - hundredth
● 101st - hundred and first
● 200th - two-hundredth
● 300th - three hundredth
● 1,000th - thousandth
● 1,000,000th - ten-millionth
 YEARS
● decades:
1920 - 1929 The twenties
1940 - 1949 The forties
1980 - 1989 The eighties
1990 - 1999 The nineties
2000: The two thousands

1900:

19 98: Nineteen ninety-eight

18 63: Eighteen sixty-three
10 66: Ten sixty-six

1900: Nineteen hundred

1500: Fifteen hundred
1800:

1908: Nineteen - “o” - eight / Nineteen hundred and eight

1804: Eighteen - “o” - four / Eighteen hundred and four

2000:

2009: Two thousand and nine / Two thousand nine

2018: Two thousand eighteen / Twenty eighteen
2021:
2020: Twenty / twenty

352 bc.
Exercise:
a. 2019 : Two thousand nineteen

b. 2001: Two thousand and one

c. 1984: Nineteen eihgty four

d. 1905: Nineteen hundred and five

e. 1700: Seventeen hundred

f. 1162: Eleven / Sixty two

 INTRODUCE YOURSELF

Hello! My name is Ana. I am twenty-five years old. I live in Miami, Florida with my
husband and two children. I have one son in kindergarten and one daughter in
first grade. They both attend public school. My husband is a mechanic. On
weekends, he works at a restaurant as a dishwasher. The restaurant usually gets
more customers on weekends, so they need extra people to wash dishes.

● Who is introducing herself?

● How old is she?
● Where does Ana live?
● What is her husband’s profession?
● Where does he work on weekends?
● How many children does Ana have?

Introduce Yourself by Christian

Hello! My name is Christian Bernal. I am twenty-nine years old. I’m a

Software developer. I live in Madrid, Cundinamarca, with my wife and my
son. He’s nine years old and He is in fourth grade; He attends private school,
although He is currently studying virtual mode. My wife is twenty-six years
old and She is an accountant. She works from Monday to Saturday.

LIVE / LIFE
Introduce Alejandra Camacho
Hi, My name is Alejandra Camacho. I am twenty six years old, I am an accountant, I
live in Madrid, cundinamarca, with my son and husband. I work in Siberia,
cundinamarca and I like ride my bike.
In Diciembre this year, I graduated, and I’m very happy.

LINKS DE APOYO:

https://www.britishcouncil.es/blog/ingles-anos-en-ingles
https://ingles-practico.com/basico/lecturas-basicas.html

VERB: To be / SER - ESTAR

subject + verb + complement

I - AM - (A) TEACHER
● I am a doctor.
Yo soy un doctor.

● You are an engineer.

Tú eres un ingeniero.

● He is ill.
Él está enfermo.

● She is a funny person.

Ella es una persona divertida.

● It is a bicycle.
Eso es una bicicleta.

● We are friends.
Nosotros somos amigos.

● You are actors.

Ustedes son actores.

● They are investors.

Ellos son inversionistas.

WHERE IS YOUR MOM?

She is in her house

He is in fourth grade
 ● Negative Form:

1. I am a doctor
- I am not a doctor
2. They are parents
- They are not/ aren’t parents
 1. I am a Soccer player
- I am not a Soccer player
2. They are brothers / sibblings
- They aren’t sibblings /

● Interrogative Form:

VERBO + SUJETO + COMPLEMENTO

ARE YOU A TEACHER ?

● Is he at the school?
● Are they in the house?
 IN:
● Ciudades y países: In London, in Germany, etc.
● Largos períodos de tiempo (siglos, décadas, años, estaciones y meses): In
2012, in December, in Spring.
● Partes del día: In the morning/afternoon/evening

I WAS BORN IN FEBRUARY / I WAS BORN 1998

AT :
● Lugares comunes: at home, at school, etc.
● Lugares específicos: at Natural History museum, at the Cambridge University,
etc.
● Horas y momentos determinados del día: at 4:00 am, at midnight, etc. Noon.

I HAVE DINNER AT HOME EVERYDAY

ON:
● Días especiales: On my birthday, on Christmas Day, etc.
● Días de la semana: On

Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday, Saturday, Sunday

Week days/ Business days - Weekends

 PRONOUNS

I - ME - Told/ tell me - Send me the email

YOU - YOU - I tell you
HE - HIM - I tell him
SHE - HER - Send her the email
IT - IT - Give it to him - Say it to me / Do it !
WE - US - Tell us
YOU - YOU - I tell you
THEY - THEM - Send them the email

- IMPERATIVE
Tell him!

● Family Vocabulary:
http://www.saberingles.com.ar/lists/family.html

● Pronouns:

https://whatsup.es/blog/pronouns-en-ingles-tipos

Object pronouns exercises:

https://www.aprenderinglesrapidoyfacil.com/2014/01/13/ejercicios-pronombres-ob
jeto-en-ingles-object-pronouns-exercises/

https://www.aulafacil.com/cursos/ingles/a1/pronombres-personales-objetos-ejerci
cios-l15435
 Solutions
By Christian
By Alejandra
6 of 10 questions answered correctly

Your time: 00:03:10

You have reached 6 of 10 points, (60%)

1. They need the cell phone.

○ They need .

2. Correct

3. You hate Carla.

○ You hate .

4. Correct
5. I am Miguel Smith. I love Carla and Carla loves Miguel Smith (I).

○ I am Miguel Smith. I love Carla and Carla loves (me).

6. Incorrect

7. He met Andrew and I.

○ He met (us).

8. Incorrect

9. We bought the houses.

○ We bought (them).

10. Incorrect

11. I missed you.

○ I missed .

12. Correct

13. She hit Charles.

○ She hit .

14. Correct

15. They drove those cars.

○ They drove (them).

16. Incorrect
17. They sold the car.

○ They sold .

18. Correct

19. He told Andrea.

○ He told .

20. Correct
WEEK 2
1. Simple present
2. WH Questions / Yes -No Questions
3. Adverbs of frequency
4. Prepositions of place
5. Useful verbs

1. Affirmative Sentences (Frases afirmativas)

Sujeto + verbo.

Ejemplos:

I talk.(Yo hablo.)

He/ She/ it eat -s

Study - Stud - ies
Names

They learn.(Ellos aprenden.)

2. Negative Sentences (Frases negativas)

Sujeto + verbo auxiliar (to do) + auxiliar negativo (“not”) + verbo.

Ejemplos:

I do not [don’t] talk.(Yo no hablo.)

He does not [doesn’t] DASENT eat.(Él no come.)

They do not [don’t] learn.(Ellos no aprenden.)

3. Interrogative Sentences (Frases interrogativas)

Verbo auxiliar (to do) + sujeto + verbo principal?

Ejemplos:

Do you talk?(¿Hablas tú?)

Does ieat?(¿Come él?) - Does it work ? Does it look okay?
Do they learn?(¿Aprenden ellos?)
USES:

1. To talk about daily routines.

I always talk to my mother on Sunday.(Siempre hablo con mi madre el domingo.)

 He never eats vegetables.(Nunca come las verduras.)

They usually learn something new in class.(Normalmente aprenden algo nuevo en

la clase.)

Adverbs of frequency

● Always (siempre), - 100%

● Every day (cada día) - 100%
● Usually (normalmente) -80%
● Often (a menudo), - 60%
● Sometimes (a veces), - 50%
● Rarely (raramente) - 40%
● Hardly ever (casi nunca) 30-20 %
● Never (nunca) 0%

- I usually play video games

- He usually plays video games
- I hardly ever play video games
- I ‘m hardly ever sad / He is not sad

Excepción:

Los adverbios de tiempo van antes del verbo, excepto el verbo “to be” (ser/estar). Cuando

se usa “to be” el adverbio va delante del verbo.

Ejemplos:

I am always happy.(Siempre estoy contento.)

 He is often sick.(A menudo él está enfermo.)

They are rarely late.(En raras ocasiones llegan tarde.)

● Listening:

https://es.liveworksheets.com/worksheets/en/English_as_a_Second_Language_(
ESL)/Listening_comprehension/Listening_comprehension-Present_simple_zu594
992ec

SIMPLE PRESENT GRAMMAR:

In the present simple 3rd person singular (he, she, it), add s, es, or ies to the
base form of the verb.

1. For verbs that end in -O, -CH, -SH, -SS, -X, or -Z we add -ES in the
third person.
● go – goes
● catch – catches
● wash – washes
● kiss – kisses
● fix – fixes
● buzz – buzzes

2. For verbs that end in a consonant + Y, we remove the Y and add

-IES.
 ● marry – marries
● study – studies
● carry – carries
● worry – worries

NOTE: For verbs that end in a vowel + Y, we just add -S.

● play – plays
● enjoy – enjoys
● say – says

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Solution By Christian

· I usually get up at seven thirty (7:30) AM

· I Everyday have breakfast at nine o’clock

· I Sometimes play wild rift at eleven o’clock

Solution By Alejandra

1. I always get up at 5:20 pm

2. I work on business days from 7:am to / until 5:00pm

FROM: Desde
UNTIL: Hasta
 Wh-Questions in the Present Simple
Wh Questions son un grupo de preguntas que se caracterizan porque en su nombre tienen las
letras "wh-" al inicio, excepto por uno de sus casos. Las Wh Questions son:

● What : qué o cuál - What is your name ? / What time is it ?

● Why : por qué - Why do you do that? - Why does he study engineering ?
● When : cuándo - When does he get up? - When do you work?
● Where : dónde - Where are you? - Where is the key? / Where are the keys?
● Who : quién - Who is she? - Who is the teacher?
● Which : cuál - Which is your favorite food ? / Which is your family?
● How : cómo - How is your work/ job ?

1. Why - does Beth / always / complain / so much?

2. How much / cuanto does the ticket cost?

3. How are you ?

4. Why don’t you ever go on vacation? /

https://agendaweb.org/exercises/grammar/questions/easy-1
https://agendaweb.org/exercises/grammar/questions/short-answers

FINAL:

https://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/complex_tests/simple_present1/index.php

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5XgWwyqpVlA

WEEK 3
● Simple Present questions and final review
● Routines vocabulary
● Pronouns ( possessive and reflexive )
● Articles ( a - an - the )
● Describing people
● Writing (
● Modal verbs
● Present Continuous

Daily Activities at Home

I wake up at 7am every morning.

I press the snooze button five times every morning before I turn off the alarm and get up.

I have a cup of coffee and make breakfast. I usually read the newspaper while I have
breakfast. (brekfast) My children like to have a shower after they have breakfast but I like
to have a shower before I get dressed.

My wife brushes her long hair, and I have short hair so I comb my hair. How do you do
your hair in the morning?

It is important to brush your teeth, and some women like to put make-up on.

After I have finished work, I go home to cook dinner. In my house I usually make dinner.
The family eat dinner together at 7:30pm.
After dinner I make sure that my children do their homework, and then I chill out on the
sofa and watch television.

On television I usually watch the News. My wife usually comes to tell me to take the
rubbish/ trash out, or wash the dishes.

Our children feed the dog and the cat before they go to bed and I tell them to go to the
bathroom too.

If I am sick I have to take my medication, but then I get into my pyjamas and set the alarm
so I wake up in the morning.

The last thing I do is lock the door, turn off the lights, and go to bed.

It doesn't take me long to fall asleep.

Daily Activities at Work

I go to work at 8.45am every morning.

I usually drive to work.

I always check my emails when I get to work, but I don't always reply to them immediately.

I take a taxi or a train if I have a lunch meeting. I never take the bus because it is too slow.

When I am at my desk I usually work on the computer, even during morning tea.

At 1pm most days I have lunch.

At 3pm we have afternoon tea, and that is when we usually talk and eat cake.

When you are in the office you probably have a lot of papers. It is important for you to file
your papers, and so that you can find them again you need to organise your files.

When I work I have to make telephone calls. If an important issue happens I ask my
secretary to organise a meeting.

Once a month I report to my boss, but maybe you have to report to your boss more often.
I usually write a document that my boss can read.
Examples
USES OF PRESENT SIMPLE:
● For habits / Hábitos
He drinks tea at breakfast.
She only eats fish.
They watch television regularly.
● For repeated actions or events / Acciones o eventos que se repiten
We catch the bus every morning / Nosotros tomamos el bus todos los días
It rains every afternoon in the hot season / Todas las tardes en temporada de calor llueve
They drive to Monaco every summer / Ellos conducen/ manejan a Mónaco todos los veranos

it / he - Drives me nuts

● For general truths / verdades o hechos

Water freezes at zero degrees.
The Earth revolves around the Sun /
Her mother is Peruvian / Su madre es peruana
● For instructions or directions / Instrucciones o direcciones
Open the packet and pour the contents into hot water /

You take the No.6 bus to Watney and then the No.10 to Bedford

● For fixed arrangements / preparativos / arreglos / acuerdos

His mother arrives tomorrow / Su mamá llega mañana
Our holiday starts on the 26th March / Nuestras vacaciones empiezan el 26 de marzo
● With future constructions / acciones futuras
She'll see you before she leaves /
We'll give it to her when she arrives /
Dialog

Hi Alejandra, how are you?

I'm fine, how are you?
I am good too, thanks God, tell me what you do in the mornings?
I get up at 5:20 am and get ready to go to work
Do you usually exercise or do activities in the morning?
I don't usually do anything in the morning
What are your activities in the job?
always, i look / check at the mail and start my day to day
Fine, and how are your coworkers?
They are usually good people
Excellent, and at the end of the workday, what do you like to do? Excellent, and at end of the
workday, what do you like to do?
I don't want to do anything but i have to make food
 A, An y The

● Los artículos son las palabras que acompañan a los sustantivos. En

inglés se usan los artículos definidos, the, y los artículos indefinidos, a
y an

The:
Cumple en inglés la función de el, la, los y las, lo que implica que acompaña
sustantivos femeninos, masculinos y neutros, sin hacer diferencia si están en
singular o plural. Por ejemplo:

● The boy is in the park.

El niño está en el parque.
● The boys are in the park.
Los niños están en el parque.
A and An:
Estos artículos en español los conocemos como un y una. Son artículos indefinidos
porque aunque están hablando de una sola cosa, no nos específica cuál. Es diferente
decir a ball/una pelota, que the ball/la pelota.

● A boy walks in the park.

Un niño camina en el parque.

No se puede usar con cosas incontables:

● Water / agua
● Air / aire
● Sand / arena

----------------

● A glass of water.
Un vaso de agua.
● A sand dune.
Una duna de arena.
● An airbag.
Una bolsa de aire

NOTE: La única diferencia entre estos dos artículos es la "-n". Usamos a cuando el
sustantivo que acompaña inicia con sonido de consonante. En caso que la palabra
inicie con sonido de vocal, usamos el artículo an.
 ● a dog / un perro ● an eagle / una águila
● a knife / un cuchillo ● an orange / una naranja
● a hand / una mano ● an hour / una hora
● a euro / un euro ● an F / una f

Possessive Pronouns :

En este caso, el pronombre hace el papel de adjetivo posesivo y siempre se escribe

antes del sustantivo que está calificando en la oración

● I want to have dinner with my family.

Quiero cenar con mi familia / Bernal Family is mine
● He wants to has dinner with his family / The big Family there is his
● She works with her sibblings / The little siblings are hers
● The dogs are their dogs /
● I am in my house
● He is in his park
● Love is hers /
 Reflexive Pronouns

Son pronombres que se utilizan para indicar que el sujeto y el objeto directo
de la acción que se realiza en la oración son el mismo:

I - Myself: Yo mismo, a mí.

● I'll do my study plan myself / I study English myself / brush - comb

I don’t comb my hair myself /

You - Yourself: Te, tú mismo(a), ti mismo(a), usted mismo(a).

● Please, tell us more about yourself.

Por favor, háblanos más acerca de ti.

He - Himself: Se, él mismo, a sí mismo.

● He calls himself a hero /

Él se llama a sí mismo un héroe.

She - Herself: Se, ella misma, sí misma.

● She considers herself a great athlete /

Ella se considera una gran atleta

It - Itself: Sí mismo, se, mismo.

● The same pattern repeats itself in the cells.

El mismo patrón se repite en las células.

We - Ourselves: Nos, nosotros(as) mismos(as).

● Do you like it? We did it ourselves.

¿Te gusta? Lo hicimos nosotros mismos.

You - Yourselves: Ustedes mismos(as), vosotros(as) mismos(as).

● Is easy, try it out yourselves!

Es fácil. ¡Intentenlo ustedes mismos!

They - Themselves: Sí mismos(as), ellos mismos(as).

● English teachers test themselves every day.

Los maestros de inglés prueban a sí mismos a diario.

1. Expresan algo que se hizo sin ayuda. Para enfatizar el sentido de estas oraciones,
se puede emplear la preposición "by":

● We made dinner by ourselves.

La cena está hecha por nosotros mismos.

● We made the dinner ourselves.

Nosotros hicimos la cena.

2. Enfatizan al sujeto que realiza la acción.

● The owners themselves served the customers.

Los mismos dueños sirven a los clientes.

EXERCISES:

https://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/exercises/pronouns/reflexive_pronouns.htm

By Alejandra
Your results
You answered 6 tasks out of 10 correctly. That is 60%.

​ Robert made this T-shirt myself. CLUE

○ Robert → himself

​ Correct is: Robert made this T-shirt himself.

​ Lisa did her homework herself

​ We helped ourselves to some Coke at the party.

​ Emma, did you take the photo by yourself?

​ I wrote this poem itself. CLUE

○ I → myself

​ Correct is: I wrote this poem myself.

​ He cut himself with the knife while he was doing the dishes.

​ The lion can defend myself. CLUE

○ lion → itself

​ Correct is: The lion can defend itself.

​ My mother often talks to ourselves. CLUE

○ my mother → herself

​ Correct is: My mother often talks to herself.

​ Tim and Gerry, if you want more milk, help yourselves.

​ Alice and Doris collected the stickers themselves.

​ By Christian
 ​

Present continuous:

También llamado present progressive o -ing form, es la forma contínua del presente
en inglés.

USES:

● sucesos que tienen lugar en el momento del habla;

Example: Look! James is taking a picture of another tourist.

● planes o citas programados para un futuro cercano;

Example: He is meeting his friend Brad tonight.

● acciones temporales;

Example: James is travelling around Australia.

● sucesos actuales;

Example: He is staying at a youth hostel.

● situaciones que indican evolución o cambio:

Example: The town is becoming more and more popular because of its beautiful
beaches.

SIGNAL WORDS:

● at the moment / en este momento

● now, just now, right now / ahora - ahora mismo
● Listen! - escucha!
● Look! - mira!
RULES:

1. Si el infinitivo termina en -e, es necesario eliminar esta vocal antes de

añadir -ing. En el caso de -ee, -oe o -ye, la e se mantiene.

EX: come – coming / agree - agreeing / I’m coming

2. En palabras con una vocal de pronunciación corta antes de una consonante

final, se duplica la consonante final. Esto no es así con las consonantes
finales -w, -y, o -x.

EX: sit – sitting (pero: mix – mixing)

She is mixing / She mixes

3. Los verbos que terminan en -ie reemplazan estas vocales por una y antes de
añadir la terminación -ing.

EX: lie – lying

https://english.lingolia.com/es/gramatica/tiempos-verbales/present-progressive/ejer
cicios

By alejandra

Ejercicios

Completa con la forma correcta del present continuous.

1. We are listening to a song.

2. Paul is eatingam eating an apple.

3. You are wearingis wearing a nice jacket.

4. I am practising English grammar.

5. Linda and Ron are talking to the teacher.

Conjuga los verbos entre paréntesis en present continuous.

1. Jane is doingdoing the washing-up at the moment.

2. She thinks that her kids are runningruning around in the garden.

3. But they are not playingdon’t playing in the garden.

4. Ben is sittingsitting in front of the TV.

5. He is watchingwarching a film.

6. Emma is lying on the sofa.

 7. She is not watchingdon’t watching TV.

Formula oraciones interrogativas en present continuous.

1. Am I doing it right?I it do right

2. Are you sleeping?Sleep you

3. Is he reading the paper?the paper he read

pear: pera

marmalade/ jam: mermelada

customers: clientes

till / until : hasta

been: estado

quite : bastante

take care : cuidar

wearing: vestir

wonderful: maravilloso

tonight: esta noche

harbour: puerto
liners: barcos

luxury: lujoso

nap/ siesta:

● I’m a teacher, but nowadays / at the moment I’m working in a shop

By Alejandra

● I usually work everyday, but today I am relaxing

● My Son Always is juidicious, but today I am scolding him
● I usually think fast , but today I am blockeding

By Christian

● I usually break / rest the holidays but today i am studying english

● My family has quite free time but this weekend we are working in family
● My cat always is with me but this week she is going to be alone