The document outlines the course content for PHARM-245 and PHARM-236 which cover anatomy, physiology and pathophysiology of various body systems. Unit I of PHARM-245 discusses the respiratory system including the anatomy and function of respiratory structures and pathophysiology of conditions like asthma, pneumonia, bronchitis and tuberculosis. Unit II covers the cardiovascular system focusing on the heart anatomy, ECG, and pathophysiology of conditions like hypertension, angina, heart failure and heart diseases. PHARM-236 Unit I examines the digestive system, gastrointestinal secretions and pathophysiology of ulcers, colitis, hepatitis and liver diseases. Later units discuss the urinary system, reproductive system, endocrine system and related pathophys
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PHARM
The document outlines the course content for PHARM-245 and PHARM-236 which cover anatomy, physiology and pathophysiology of various body systems. Unit I of PHARM-245 discusses the respiratory system including the anatomy and function of respiratory structures and pathophysiology of conditions like asthma, pneumonia, bronchitis and tuberculosis. Unit II covers the cardiovascular system focusing on the heart anatomy, ECG, and pathophysiology of conditions like hypertension, angina, heart failure and heart diseases. PHARM-236 Unit I examines the digestive system, gastrointestinal secretions and pathophysiology of ulcers, colitis, hepatitis and liver diseases. Later units discuss the urinary system, reproductive system, endocrine system and related pathophys
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PHARM-245
ANATOMY PHYSIOLOGY AND PATHOPHYSIOLOGY –IV
Unit-I – Respiratory System – Anatomy & function of respiratory structures, Mechanism of respiration, regulation of respiration, pathophysiology of Asthma, Pneumonia, Bronchits, Emphysema, Tuberculosis. [08] Unit-II – Cardiovascular System – Functional Anatomy of heart, conducting system of heart, cardiac cycle, ECG (Electro cardiogram). Pathophysiology of hypertension, Angina, CHF, myocardial infarction, cardiac arrhythmias, Ischaemic heart disease, Arteriosclerosis. [10] Unit-IV-Cell injury & Adaption-Courses of cell injury, pathogenesis & morphology of cell injury. Cellular AS daptation- Atropy, hypertrophy, aplasia, metaplasia, & dysplasia, intracellular accumulation & pathophysiology of Neoplasm. Unit-V- Basic mechanisms involved in the process of inflammation and repair Alterations in vascular permeability and blood flow, migration of WBC’s mediaters of inflammation. Brief outline of the process of repair. Unit-V- Pathophysiology of Joints disorder – Arthritis, gout, myasthenia gravis, spasticity, tetany, fatigue. Pathophsiology of anaemia, AIDS, hypersensitivity, allergic conditions, physhosis, epilepsy, Parkinson & Alzeimer’s diseases pathophysiology of cataract, glaucoma etc. [06] BOOKS RECOMMENDED 1. Difore SH, “Atlas of Normal Histology” Lea & Febiger Philadelphia. 2. Chaurasia B.D, Human Anatomy, Regional & Applied Part I, II & III, CBS Publishers & Distributors, New Delhi. 3. Guyton AC, Hall JE., Text book of Medical Physiology, WB Saunders Company. 4. Chatterjee C.C. Human Physiology, Medical Allied Agency, Calcutta. 5. Ross & Wilson, Anatomy & Physiology in Health & Illness, Churchill Livingstone. 6. Tortora GJ, & Anagnodokos NP, Principles of Anatomy & Physiology, Harper & Rave Publishers, New Delhi. 7. Parmar N.S., Health Education & Community Pharmacy CBS Publishers, Delhi. 8. Shalya Subhash, Human Physiology, CBS Publishers & Distributors. 9. Keele, C.A., Niel, E and Joels N, Samson Wright’s Applied Physiology, Oxford University Press. 10. Dipiro JL, Pharmacotherapy – A Pathophysiological Approach, Elsevier. 11. Robbins SL, Kumar V, Basic Pathology, WB Saunders. PHARM -236 ANATOMY, PHYSIOLOGY AND PATHOPHYSIOLOGY – III Unit I – Digestive system –Parts of digestive system, their structure and functions. Various gastrointestinal secretions & their role. [08] Unit II –Pathology of disorders related to digestive system Peptic Ulcer, Ulcerative colitis, Crohns disease, Zollinger- Ellison syndrome, Amoebiasis, typhoid, Hepatitis, Cirrhosis of liver, pancreatitis. [06] Unit-III – Urinary System – Anatomy & physiology of urinary system, physiology of urine formation, acid- base balance, pathophysiology of renal feature, glomerulonephiritis, Urinary tract infection. [08] BOOKS RECOMMENDED 1. Difore SH, “Atlas of Normal Histology” Lea & Febiger Philadelphia. 2. Chaurasia B.D, Human Anatomy, Regional & Applied Part I, II & III, CBS Publishers & Distributors, New Delhi. 3. Guyton AC, Hall JE., Text book of Medical Physiology, WB Saunders Company. 4. Chatterjee C.C. Human Physiology, Medical Allied Agency, Calcutta. 5. Ross & Wilson, Anatomy & Physiology in Health & Illness, Churchill Livingstone. 6. Tortora GJ, & Anagnodokos NP, Principles of Anatomy & Physiology, Harper & Rave Publishers, New Delhi. 7. Parmar N.S., Health Education & Community Pharmacy CBS Publishers, Delhi. 8. Shalya Subhash, Human Physiology, CBS Publishers & Distributors. 9. Keele, C.A., Niel, E and Joels N, Samson Wright’s Applied Physiology, Oxford University Press. 10. Dipiro JL, Pharmacotherapy – A Pathophysiological Approach, Elsevier. 11. Robbins SL, Kumar V, Basic Pathology, WB Saunders.
Unit-III – Reproductive System- Male & Female reproductive system. Menstruation,
pathophysiology of sexually transmitted diseases, spermatogenesis, oogenesis, pregnancy. [08] Unit IV – Endocrine System – Anatomy & Physiology of pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal, pancreas, control of harmone secretion, pathophysiology of hypo & hyper secretion of endocrine glands & their disorders e.g.- Diabetes mellitus. [08]
Role of Ultra High Dilutions of Homoeopathic Medicines in Increasing Blood Oxygen Saturation Levels in Patients Under Palliative Treatment A Case Series Study Using Pulse Oximeter Levels