y pape 6 - bir Conditioning AIR CONDITIONING | conditioning IS the process of treating air so as'to contro! simultaneously its a emperature, humidity, cleanliness ai Ind distribution to meet the requirements of ee itioned space. the condi pactisns of Air Conditioning ? qye ninction of air conditioning is to Control the temperature, humidity, purity Atha a ;s emoval of dust and other imputities) and air movement or circulatio ventilation ~ is the process of supplying or temoving air by natural or mechanical means to or from any space. Such air may or May not have been conditioned. Psychrometry ~ is the study of the Properties of,mixtures of air and water vapor. Psychrometer — is an instrument used in the study of the properties of air. Saturated air — is air whose Condition is such that any decrease in temperature will result in condensation of the water vapor into liquid. Unsaturated air — is air containing supérheated vapor. Moist air—is a binary mixture of dry air and water vapor. Dry air ~ is the non-condensing components of the mixture, mainly the nitrogen and the oxygen, { Vapor ~ is the condensable component of the mixture the water Vapor which may | &ist in a saturated or superheated state, ’ \ PROPERTIES OF AIR: 1 TEMPERATURE @. Dry bujb temperature (Cy) — is the temperature'of alr-as registered by an ordinary thermometer, ny P-Wet bull temperature (tyy)~Is the temperature of alas Tealstered by a thermometer whose bulb’is ‘covered by a wetted wick and €xposed to a current of. rapidly'moving alr, : © Wet bulb depression (dy) = iS the dlffe Bia At 4 of the wet and drybulb ther ome@. Dewpoint ae muie (tat pressure of the steam in alr or the ores which, condensation of moisture begins when temperature af pressure. Chapter 06 - Air Co, ; So -|s the saturation temperature the air is cooled at constant 2. PRESSURE | The total pressure of air-watel pressures of dry air and water vapor. , vapor mixture is the sum of the a | otal mixture pressure artial pressure of dry air Py = partial pressure of water vapor 3. HUMIDITY RATIO Humidity Ratio - is the ratio of the mass of water vapor to the mass of dry ai, It is also known as moisture content, mixing ratio or specific humidity. where: w = humidity ratio my = mass of water vapor Py = mass of dry air 4. RELATIVE HUMIDITY Relative Humidity — is the ratio of the partial pressure of water vapor in the to the saturation pressure corresponding to the temperature of the air. where: RH = relative humidity Note: Psa: can be found at the steam table at drybulb temperaturespdostal Plant Engineering Reviewer by Capote & Mandawe vi-3 # SPECIFIC VOLUME 5. specific Volume — is the number of cubic meters of mixture per kilogram of dry air. V; Note: " = 0.287 —_ R, = 0.2 roeR (Gas constant of dry air ) 6. DENSITY Density — is the reciprocal of specific volume 7. ENTHALPY The enthalpy of the mixture of dry air and water vapor is the sum of the enthalpy of the dry air and the enthalpy of the water vapor. where: Ce = specific heat of dry air t= dry bulb temperature W = humidity ratio hg = enthalpy of saturated water vapor at temperature t | 8. DEGREE OF SATURATION i Degree of Saturation — is the ratio of the. air humidity ratio to the humidity ratio of saturated air at the same temperature. wy where: D = degree of saturation W = humidity ratio ‘ ot Oh Waar = humidity ratio authvia ir Conditioning * TCC Peychrometric Chart is a graphical representation of the thermodynamic Properties of moist air, Psychrometric properties are properties of moist air. ‘SPECIFIC HUMIDTY Volume DRY-BULE TEMPERATUR YEU MBAS 1) PHASE vf CHE, W Isre ‘SPECIFIC HUMIDTY DRY-BULB TEMPERATURE Oto @ : Sensible heating Oto @: Sensible cooling 1 O to @ : Humidifying aN - Oto ©: Dehumidifying ° rwarnanee, ) ‘Oto © : Heating and Humidifying ote 4 oos O to @ : Cooling and Dehumidifying 6102 4 © 404 O to @ : Cooling and Humidifying b Oto @ : Heating and Dehumidifying =f BSE eee Sig 4 yIndustrial Plant Engineering Reviewer by Capote & Mandawe VI-5 ee Tanase O ETE AIR MIXING Air mixing plenum is a chamber in which the tecirculating alr Is mixed with alr from outdoors. SK ‘DRY-BULE TEMPERATURE w) Se ‘SPECIFIC HUMIDTY 1, Mass Balance 2. Energy Balance 3, Moisture Balance 4. Temperature balance ( dry bulb ) es Air conditioner is a mechanism primarily for comfort cooling that lowers the temperature and reduces the humidity of air in buildings.chapter 06 -Alr Conditioning y where: m = mass flow rate of air v1 = specific volume Wr and We = humidity ratios fn and he = enthalples COOLING TOWER ly used to cool condenser water in power ang Tower is a device common refrigerating plants. m: Air out hot water in mi = alee RATA ? NY cool water out 1. Ral perature of the water through the cooling inge Range is the reduction in tem| tower. where: ts = temperature of hot water entering ta = temperature of cool water entering entering alt 2, Approach Approach is the difference between the wet-bulb temperature of the entering air and temperature leaving cool water. where: twer = wet bulb temperature of the entering air. of thexx Industrial Plant Engineering Reviewer by Capote & Mandawe 3, Cooling tower efficiency Cooling tower efficiency — is the cooling effectiveness of a cooling tower 4, Make-up water requirement . using mass balance: ‘ wher ms = make-up water requirement mi = mass flow rate of air entering m3 = mass flow rate of water entering mass flow rate of water leaving Wi = humidity ratio of air entering We = humidity ratio of air leaving 5, Heat Balance Heat absorbed by air = Heat rejected by water hy). = ms Cy (ty - ty) 6. Energy Balance Energy Entering = Energy Leaving Me Mabact mshs = mihp + maha «Dryer is the removal of relativel solid material. Chapter 06 - Air Conditioning y, ly small amounts of water oF other liquid from, the TYPES OF DRYERS : 1. Continuous dryer 2. Ratch dryer CLASSIFICATION OF DRYERS: J. Rotary Dryer P Rotary Dryer is the most commonly used dryer which consists of a rotating cylinder inside which the materials flow while getting in contact with the hot gases; the cylinder is tilted at a slight angle and fitted with lifting flights. Rotary Dryer is used for copra, sand, wood chips. 2. Tower Dryer _ ; . Tower Dryer consists of a vertical shaft in which the wet feed is introduced at the top and falls downward over baffles while coming in contact with the hot air which rises and exhausts at the top. Tower dryer is used for palay, wheat, grains... 3. Hearth Dryer Hearth Dryer is a type of dryer in which the material to be dried is supported on a floor through which the hot gases pass. Hearth Dryer is used for copra, coal, enamel wares... 4. Centrifugal Dryer Centrifugal Dryer consists of a centrifuge revolving at high speeds causing the separation, by centrifugal force, of the water from the material. Centrifugal dryer is used for drying fertilizer, salt, sugar... 5. Tray Dryer Tray Dryer consists of trays, carrying the materials to be dried, placed in a compartment or moving conveyor. Tray dryer is used for ipitipll leaves, grains. 6. Infrared Ray Dryer < , Infrared Ray Dryer consists of infrared lamps in which the rays are directed to the articles to be dried. Infrared Ray Dryer is used for painted articles like cars, dryingHYGROSCOPIC Materials moisture content which they ¢, td substances whict N Posses at diffe ool articularly variable in the erent times, BONE DRY WEIGHT (B, A j by a hygroscopic substance ls being anche ee Snstant welght reached REGAIN is the hygrosco ; Pic percentage of the bone-dry weight. ofthe ment Of a substance expressed as a MOISTURE CONTENT is ext : Pressed as a percenta je of i body, and may refer to both hygroscopic and purely est eee ae fresh Air ' or = heater ORYING. CHAMBER dried product 5 2 tSHsothermal dryer bs =~ Adiabatic dryer fj Non-adiabatic dryer ® @ DRY-BULB TEMPERATURE 5 BasVES Chapter 06 - Alr Conditioning 1. Moisture removed from materials = molsture absorbed by air = Ma (Ws — Wa ) = mms | 2. Bone dry weight of wet feed = Bone dry weight of dried product Bdwe = Boas 3. Heat Supplied in Heater = m(he-h,) Heatabsorbed by materials 4. Efficiency of dryer HeatSupplied AIR CONDITIO! 1G CALCULATIONS The quantity of air circulated must be adequate to handle the cooling load as the air warms up to room temperatures from its supply temperature. Outside air ( ventilation) Mo replaced air recirculated air m,= Ms -Mo CONDITIONED ‘SPACE e ‘SPECIFIC HUMIDTY @ @ DRY-BULB TEMPERATURE. 1. Sensible Heat Load, Q, wher ms = mass flow rate of supply air Cp = 1.0062 kJ/kg-K = specific heat of supply air tz = inside space temperature to be maintained, °C drybulb ti = supply air temperature entering the space, °C drybulb\ 4 & indastrial Plant Engineering Reviewer by Capote & Mandawe wi-14 2, Latent Heat Load, Qa where: hy = 2442 Ki/kg (average) We = humidity ratio of inside air Wi = humidity ratio of supply air 3, Total Heat Load, Q where: he = enthalpy of inside air I hi = enthalpy of supply air \ 4, Sensible Heat Ratio or Sensible Heat Factor, SHR. : 5. Mass flow rate of recirculated air, m, 6. When recirculated air and outside air are mixed before entering the conditioner : a af When recirculated air and outside air separately enter the conditioner : Ventilation Load, Q,@ PROBLEMS In INDUSTRIAL PLANT ENGINEERING @part 6: Air Conditioning 1. Supplementary Problem Calculate the specific volume of an air-vapor mixture in cubic meters pre kilogram of dry air when the following conditions prevail : t= 30°C, w= 0.015 kg/kg, and P, = 90 kPa. A. 0.99 m‘/kg C. 0.79 m/kg B. 0.89m/kg D. 0.69 m/kg Solving for Py: w = 0.622 PB 0.015 = 0.622 90-P, Py thus; 2.12 kPa 0.287(30+ 273) 90-2.12 = (A) v = 0.99 m*/kg 4} % 2. Supplementary Problem Compute the Humidity Ratio of air at 62 percent relative humidity and 34°C when the barometric pressure is 101.325 kPa. A. 0.021 kQvapor!kgary air C. 0.041 kgvapor/kGary air B. 0.031 kQvapor/kGary air D. 0.051 kQvapor/k gary air vs Shozen p. i PP Py Solving for Py : | Pest @ 34°C = 5,32 kPa Py = (RH)Psatpaestiel Plant Engineering Reviewer by Capote & Mandawe " enone ee eee emeereeara 3.30 622 w = 0.622 755-350 thus; a (A) W = 0.021 kG rapor/ Kir at a % * Supplementary Problem Asample of air has dry-bulb temperature of 30°C and a wet-bulb temperature of 25°C . The barometric pressure is 101.325 kPa. Calculate the enthalpy of the air if itis adiabatically saturated. . : A. 75.94 kJ/kg C. 79.54 kikg B, 70.94 kJ/kg D. 74.09 kJikg Slaton Saturation line Enthalpy of air if adiabatically saturated: waTfine h=Gt+ why Solving for humidity ratio, w: BR w= 06225" : °C : From steam table, at 25°C : 30°C P, = 3.17 kPa, hy = 2547.2 kJ/kg 3.17 101.325-3.17 = 0.02 kGvapor/kGary air We = 0.622 thus; he = 1.0 ee oO + (0.02)(2547.2 ki/kg). "(A)hy = 75,94 kiykg06 ~ Air Condi ’ me le | | @ of 30°C and a humidity ratio of 4. Supplementary Problem emperatur tric pressure. An air-vapor mixture has 4 dry bulb t kPa barome! 0.016, Caeulte he enthalpy at 85 ras KIS B. 54.35 akg D. 67.45 KKG Sat Line Slim. h= Gt+ why G from steam table, at 30°C hy = 2556.3 Ki/kg oat kK kJ 4-2_ |0°c)+ (0.015) 2556.3 7— (12, ore oons(25855) then, a thus; @ (A) h = 68.34 Wi/kg % 5. Supplementary Problem i In anair conditioning unit, 3.5 m’/s of air at 27°C dry-bulb temperature 50 percent relative humidity and standard atmospheric pressure enters the unit. The leaving condition of the air is 13°C dry-bulb temperature and 90% relative humidity. Using the properties from the psychrometric chart, calculate the refrigerating capacity in kW. A. 87,57 kW C. 57.87 kW B. 77.57 kW D. 58.77 kW je sat Line Slaton Refrigerating Capacity Qa : } Qy = m(he-hi) Solving for m : me VolumeF lowRate { AveSpecific V olume _ 38 = ee ADD) _ From Psychrometric Chart: 1/2(0.866 + 0.822) h= = 4.45. ka/s 1 =55.3Kkg wi = 0.0112 kg/kg he= 34.2 Ki/kg —_v, = 0.866 m"/kg We = 0.0085 kg/kg vz = 0.822 m*/kg 13°C 27°C ) thus ; Q= 4.15 (55.3 - 34.2) & (A) Qa = 87.57 ki/s or KWie 5 ; vi-t ’ jal Plant Engineering Reviewer by Capote & Mandawe 1 # | ae with a stream of return alr in an air conditioned jg o out ir a am ir (ee eicales at 101 KPa pressure, The fo rate. of Outdoor See erineralael the ts condition is 35°C dry-bulb temperature and 25°C wet-bul 50% relative | art ow rate of return air is 3 kg/s and its condition is 24°C and | Midity. Determine the enthalpy of the mixture. . ) 91.56 kJ/kg C. 69.15 ku/kg 7 Bp. 51.69 kd/kg D. 59.16 kJ/kg tioning system From Psychometric Chart hy = 75.9 iikg Ws = 0.0159 kglkg © V1 = 0.892 mig he = 48 Kilkg We = 0.0082 kag a= 0.0853 m/kg By Energy Balance: ‘ Pr arc 35°C “mihy + mghy = mah : : myhy + mahp = (m, + ma) hy hy = mh, +myh, m, +m, ; hy = 275.9) +3(48) 243 . — thus; : “ 2 “ = (D) hy = 59.16 ki/kg é She. 7 What j | ; Ae eee ae he © specific volume of’ O°C and a relative A. 0.578 Sanowei aa ae 7 vite Chapter 06 - Air Conditioning x 0.45 (4.24) = 1.91 kPa thus; y = 9:287(30+273) 101.325-1.91 = (C) v= 0.875 m/kg % 8. Supplementary Problem A mixture of dry air and water vapor is at a temperature of 21°C under a pressure of 101 kPa. The dew point temperature is 15°C. Calculate the relative humidy. A. 68.56 % C. 56.68 % B. 65.68 % D, 58.66 % Sin. P. RH = —¥— Pane sat@2i°c “where: PV = Ps @ 15°C = 1.7044 kPa Po @ 21°C = 2.4861 kPa thus; = 1704 _ o6gsi 2.4861 = (A) RH = 68.56 % * 9. Supplementary Problem The density of air at 35°C and 101 kPa is 1.05 kg/m’. The humidity ratio is : A. 0.036 kQvapor / kgair C. 0.36 kQvapor/kGair B. 0.063 kQvapor! kgair D. 0.63 kgvapor/kGairvwi-17 solving for Py: py = mRT _ mRT a7 Poy = 1.08(0.287)(35 + 273) Pyy = 95.48 kPa , j Pr = Pair + Prapor | 101 = 95.48 + P, i p, = 5.53 kPa then; | w = 0.622 | . = 0.622 2:53 _ } 101-553 .. thus; # (A) W = 0.036 kQvapor/KSdin a — > % 1. PastME Board Problem == Irthe sensible ii 2 cool is eae i ratio is ee the cooling load is 100 KW, what is the amount of ‘ Sok ; 7s CMIBKWusrsgret ia om . kW 1-8 Dd 100'kW rd Bikey ATi141. Past ME Board Problem A 4mx4mx 4m room has a relative humidity ratio of 80%. The re the room Is 120 kPa and temperature Is 35°C ( Psat = 5.628). What is the’ of vapor in the room. Use Rvapor = 0.4615 kN-m/kg-K. A. 2.03 kg C. 4.03 kg B. 2.30kg D. 5.03 kg Stn. PV = mRT Solving for Py: Py 0.80 = —— = 5.628 P, = 4.5024 kPa thus; 4.5024 [(4)(4)(4)] = my(0.4615)(35 + 273) = (A) m, = 2.027 kg” % 12. Past ME Board Problem p A coil has an inlet temperature of 60°F and outlet of 90°F. If the mean temperature of the coil is 110°F, find the bypass factor of the coil. A. 0.20 C. 0.40 B. 0.30 D. 0.50 Slhetane timean ~toe outlet Bypass factor = —™ea. ch of ake ak trnean tw of nit ar 110-90 BF = ———— fe 110-60 thus; y @ (C) BF = 0.40 ces Mine aejustrial Plant Enginee, eee cane wer M1 Sapote © Mandawe ey MEAD yy. Past ME Board Problem AAS anima v2 the latent and Sensible hy , ha sensible heat ration" loads are 29 kW and 80 kW respectively, what is A. 0.80 tee B. 0.60 Doz ; & , Let: SHR = sensible heat ratio = Q 80 SHR = - : QQ * Baap thus; @ (A) SHR = 0.80 4, Past ME Board Problem Aroom being air Conditioned is being held at 25°¢ dry bulb and 50% relative humidity. A flow rate of 5 ms of Supply air at 15°C dry bulb and 80% RH is being delivered to the room to maintain that Steady condition at 100 kPa, What is the sensible heat absorbed from the room air inkw? A. 50.8 C. 40.5 8. 60.8 Sh. D. 70.9 Q= mC (tt) Solving for m: | PV = mRT _ 105) = m (0,287)(15 + 273) ™ = 6.049 kg/s— fiV2p AnD 2, ap = 0:02(15X8)?(1.1644) 2(0.30) thus; = (A) AP = 37.26 Pa % 16, Supplementary Problem A pressure difference of 350 Pa is available to force 20°C air through a circular sheet-metal duct 450 mm in diameter and 25 m long. At 20°C, p = 1.204 kgim? and take friction factor, f = 0.016. Determine the velocity. A. 25.57 mis C. 28.54 mis B. 27.55 m/s D. 24.85 m/s Slzzione = flV’p ae DD 350 = (0.016X25)V7(1.204) 2(0.450) thus; @ (A)V = 25.57 m/s * 17. Supplementary Problem A duct 0.40 m high and 0.80 m wide suspended from the ceiling in a corridor, makes a right angle turn in the horizontal plane. The inner radius is 0.2 m and the outer radius is 1.0 m measured from the same canter. The velocity of air in the duct is 10 m/s. Compute the pressure drop in this elbow. Assuming ; f=0.3, p = 1.204 kg/m’ and L = 10m. : A. 341Pa C. 143 Pa B. 441Pa D. 144 Palab © ab (fOr rectangular duct) = 2(0.4X0.80) 0440.8 0.53 m thus; ap = 9.3(0X10)%(1.2041) 20.53) = (A)AP = 341 pa ae rr 18. Supplementary Problem A rectangular duct has a dimensions of 0.25 m by 1 m. Determine the equivalent diameter of the duct. : A. 0.40 m C. 0.70%m B. 0.80m D.0.30m Leen = 2ab Pall b} = 2(0.25)(1) 0.25+1 thus; (A) Deq = 0.40 m - : ' ase a Problem ; ~ 40.30 x 0.40 m branch duct leaves ‘2 0.30 x 0.60 main duct at an angle of 60°. he air temperature is 20°C, The dimensions of the main duct lowing branch. The flow rate Upstream is. 2: a qownstream in the main duct, Note: at 20°C, p = 1,204 kg/m’ | 346 Pa C, 634 Pa, 8. 436 pa D, 64Pressure Loss in the main duct: ve vals Press = “SP om) ( 4) Solving for Va and Vu: M= met my W=w’+Q@ 27=Q +13 Qe= 14 mys fe Oven v4 “Re” C308) = 7.78 m/s = Q& ._27__ A, (0.30.6) = 15 m/s =% __ 13 Ay (0.3X0.4) = 10.43 m/s then; = (7.78)7(1.204\0.4) (,_7.78)° aie 2 (1 15 ) Ve = 3.38 from: Bernoulli Equation: Pa Mer Pa Mar, Ploes b geese Bastien Annie’ Janette 2 Y Y 29 Py = —250=3,38__, (15)*-(7.78)? 9.81(1.2041) 9,81(1.02041) _-2(9.81) thus; a = (A) Py = 345.64 Paindusteal Plant Engineer s wa tsvlewer by Capaie © Mondewe vias 30. Supplementary Probien, —__ ; A sudden enlargement and 0.40 m downstres™,® Stuer duct measures 0.20 m diameter upstream ressure iS 200 Pa. What jg then Ust"eam pressure is 150 Pa, downstream #3041 Kolm’. hat ls the 3 if yo ‘OW rate Of 20°C air through th a A 04omis ugh the fitting? Use p ; B. 0.83 m/s C. 0.38 m%s D. 0.94 ms ‘ Slatin Q=AW a Solving for Vy: as 0.40 m We, a, Pros = —Y£}1-Su Eee. | ra 2 =0.25 . 2 (200- 150) = 46204) 4 0.257 Vy = 12.15 m/s thus; { — (0.20)? Q = Be a2.15) 7(C)Q = 0.38 mys 8 21. Past ME Board Problem a anc i °C i d in a cooling tower which has an iency of » epee cia outa 182-0 dey Weare OW evalu The heat dissipated from the condenser is 2,300,000 kulhe, ne capacity in liters per second of the pump used in the cooling tower, A. 8.50 Lis . ~ C,'7,60 Lis, B. 680s : :Chapter 06 - Air Conditioning 1 pecrtint tet meta, views nen enna tts Sin. nee canceenesnanernermmarnah « Pump Capacity = ™ vrews ? Solving for m: , a ts —two = | from : psychometric chart: Cooling Tower At 32°C and 70% RH: | tee = 27.40°C Condenser & = 37.06°C Q=2,300,000W/hr Wg Using energy balance is the condenser: ‘ 2,300,000 mG (b—&) = —Sen9 ; = 2 32°C and 100% RH Wp = 0.0308 kg/kg hy = 110.9 Ki/kg hg = hy at 46°C At tap2 At ten: = 16°C and 55 % RH Beene v, = 0.828 m°/kg v3 = 0.0010103 m°/kg @, = 0.0056 kg/kg | hy = 32 Ki/kg ay e228 mM =o, ~ 0.828 = 3.44 kg/s ae (50 gal/min)(3.785 Ugal\1 min/60s) 50 gpm 3 * “(0.0010103m/kg) (10001/m*) = 3.12 kg/s an By mass Balance: ae m3—m, = m,( W.-W; ) 3.12 — mg = 3.44 ( 0.0308 - 0.0056 ) = (a) m,= 3.09 kg/s } By Energy Balance; msh3—m4h, = m,(hz—hi ) 3,12 (192.62) - 3.09h, = 3.44 ( 110.9 - 32 ) hg = 106.65 kJ/kg From Steam table 1: t = 25.42°C bs = 1,0031 L/kg thus; volume of water leaving; V., : ; Vw = 3.09 ( 1.0031 ) : @ (B) Vw = 3.10 L/s‘A 250,000 kg/hr of water to 175°C. The energy Is to b at 15°C and leaving the uni 85% RH. A. 2.22% B. 3.33% Slitions If all process determine the Percentage o; 8t 36°C enters a It at 30°C, 1 f total water flow that is make up water. C. 4.44 % D. 1.41% percentage make-up water = Mass of make-up water Solving for mass of make-up water: At 15°C and 30% RH: hy = 23.02 ki/kg w= 0.0033 kg/kg At 30°C and 85% RH: hy = 89.01 ki/kg We = 0.0233 kg/kg Heat lost by water myCowAt 250,000(4.187)(35 — 17.5) 250,000 Hot water 35¢¢ @ M, ee Cooling Tower Cool - ‘mmeas: = Heat gained by air = ma(h,—-h,) = mz, ( 89.01 — 23.02 ) Sods Cooling tower where It Is to be cooled xchanged with atmospheric air entering the units a he air enters at 30% RH and leaves at assumed to occur at atmospheric pressure, Ma = 277,589.41 kg/hr then; the mass of make-up water, m, : Ms = ma ( W2- Wi) ms = 277,589.41, ( 0.0233 ~ 0.0033 ) = 5,551.79 kg/hr thus, the Percentage make-up water, 5,551.79 % up = So ® make-up = 55,000 = (A) % make-up = 0:0222 0f.2:22 %Chapter 06 - Air Conditioning % ee 25. Past ME Board Problem ol 56.67 m? of alr per minute acity Is required to co H uch refrigeration ca| on 29°C to INC. nee that the cooled alr Is saturated. A. 4.76 TOR C, 3.76 TOR B. 1,76 TOR D. 2.76 TOR ling'coll : Cooling'¢ Refrigeration Capacity, Q ey a Q=m, (hi —h2) Vy = 56.67 m3/ min Solving for m,: From psychometric chart : At 21°C db and 100% RH : Ww h, = .70 Ki/kg vy = 0.875 m3/kg At constant SH intersecting 29°C db : 100% RI Ome 0 hz = 70 KI/kg ® @ Volumeof Air pet Specific V olume _ 56.67m?/min ~ °0.875me/kg m, = 64.766 kg/min = 1.079 kg/s then; Q = 1.079( 70-61) = 9.715 kW thus; = (D)Q 2.76 tons of refrigeration ee 26. Supplementary Problem Find the refrigeration capacity required to cool 29 cubic meter per minute from 29°C to 18°C if air from the outside has an RH of 90%. A. 2.9TOR ’ Cc. 4.9 TOR -B. 3.9TOR D. 5.9 TORao eee Eran Reviewer by Capote & Mandawe vias Slim Qh=mMaChi-h,) | Solving fot ma: From psychrometric chart: fr ee / at 29°C db and 90%RH i ii — ma = 16 hy = 88.45 ki/kg Vie 29 / mi At 18°C db and 100% RH hy = 50.45 ki/kg v1 = 0.886 m?/kg = 32.73 kg/min eee ° 0.886 Ma, = 0.546 kg/s then; Q = 0.546 ( 88.45 - 50.45 ) = 20.75 kW thus; = (D) Q, = 5.9 tons of refrigeration ‘ 27. Past ME Board Problem The temperature of the air in a dryer is maintained constant by the use of steam coils within the dryer. The product enters the dryer at the rate of one metric ton per hour. The initial moisture content is 3 kg moisture per kg of dry solid and will be dried to moisture content of 0.10 kg moisture per kg of dry solid. Air enters the dryer with a humidity ratio of 0.016 kg moisture per kg of dry air and leaves with a relative humidity of 100% while the temperature remains constant at 60°C. If the total pressure of the air is 101.3 kPa, determine the capacity of the forced draft fan to handle this air in m*/min. 3; A. 85.75 m/min G 55.87 m/min B. 87.55 m*/min D. 58,75 m/min © wh OM ie PBRGSs wid + San,Chapter 06 - Air Conditioning * vive qwnennenenrn anes em ORE AANA ay romrnt nner Sbazion, Capacity of fan = mv Solving for m and vi: eA | At point © : - 1 0.622P, 100% RH SA eee on ou: Pe-Py, @ 3.ka moisture 0.622P, 0.1 kg moisture Wusteose io Solid 016 = —— kg soli | 101.3-P,, | Py, = 2.54 kPa Pav; = Rati (101.3 - 2.54)v, = 0.287 ( 60 + 273) v1 = 0.968 m?/kg At point ® : Pur @ cor = 19.94 kPa | Py2 = RH ( Peat at 60%c) (1) (19.194) = 19.94 kPa 0.622P\9 Pe=Py) 0.622(19.94) 9.94 0.1524 ka/kg W, = At point © : Baw = 250 kg At point @: 0.10 1+0,10 = 0.0909 or 9.09 % Ws = 0.0909W, + By, W, = 0.0909W, + 250 W, = 275 kg/kg moisture content