Physical Education Reviewer

➔ LINE DANCE
- Implies to people who are dancing in line to the music.
- Common dances of line are set to country music.
- It is believed that line dancing originated from folk dancing which has
many similarities.
- The creation of line dances for popular country songs began during the
1980s and 1990s.
- In the 1990s, even pop music started to see an upswing in line dances,
with “Macarena” serving as a kind of hybrid folk-pop dance number that
swept the world by storm.

➢ LINE DANCE FORMAT

a. Four wall
b. Two wall

❖ COUNTS
- It is line dance movements where one count is equal to musical
notes.
- Have several counts, indicating the amount of beats about a whole
dance sequence.
★ Line dance pattern starts with the wall

➢ LINE DANCE TODAY

- Are simple and don’t involve dancing with a partner
- Ideal for singles and people who usually don’t dance
- Taught and practiced across the world in country west dance bars, social
clubs and dance halls.
- One of today’s most popular line dances is the “Cha cha Slide”, whose
easy-to-follow steps.
- Also, in the early 2000s, the “Cupid Shuffle” became largely popular at
high school dances and still played in clubs.

➢ DANCE TERMINOLOGIES
● STEP
- The word used to indicate a movement of a foot with change of weight.
● HOLD
- Hold your position for the specified counts of music before taking another step.
● HOP
- A jump on the spot of one foot and landing on the same foot.
● POINT
- Position the toe in the designated direction.
● SLAP
- To use the hand to slap heels or knees.
● SLIDE
- With the weight on one foot, drag or slide the other foot up to the weighted foot.
Usually done to either 1,2 or 3 beats.
● TOUCH
- To tap toe or heel in a nominated direction without any weight placed upon it.
● ACROSS
- Used to describe the movement of one foot in front of another.
● BACK CROSS
- Where the nominated foot crosses and touches behind the other foot.
● ANKLE ROCK
- With feet crossed and ankles locked, rock weight onto the forward foot. Return
weight to the back foot.
● BALANCE STEP
- A step in any direction followed by a close step and a hold (mostly used in
waltzes)
● BRUSH
- Uses the ball of the foot to brush the floor as the foot swings forward or back.
● CHASSE
- A syncopated pattern of side steps where the feet never pass.
● BALL CHANGE
- Step onto the ball of one foot (on and count), step and/or change weight onto the
other foot.
● CHA-CHA
- Three steps in place, done to two beats of the music.
● COASTER STEP
- Step the designated foot back, step the other foot beside the first, step the
designated foot forward.
● CORNER TURN
- Step left foot forward, step right foot to right turning 90 degrees to the left, step
left foot back turning 90 degrees to the left, step right foot forward.
● ELECTRIC KICKS
- Step right foot forward while kicking left backwards slightly off the floor. Step back
on your left foot while kicking right forward slightly off the floor.
● CUBAN MOTION
- Hip motion initiated by using the inside edge and ball of the foot during weight
transfer.
● FAN-TOE-FAN
- With feet together, turn toes of nominated foot out 90 degrees (pivoting on the
heel) and return.

➔ RETRO DANCE
➢ HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF RETRO (POP) DANCE
- Covers a broad range of blues based styles developed during the 1930s
to 1950s. These dance styles share similar patterns of movement,
composition and core dance content but vary with respect to their
characterizations, emphasis and structure to provide clearly related but
distinct dances.
- It was popularized in the late 1960s as an alternative music style preferred
by the youth. The funk, hip hop and soul are the famous types of dance
flourished in North America.
- During the mid-1970s to early 1980s, retro pop dance reached its peak as
a form of entertainment for young men and women of various
backgrounds.
- The origin of the retro pop dance can be traced and identified through the
formation of the night clubs - discotheques where Nazi occupied Paris.
- In the philippine setting, retro pop music or disco songs are as follows:
Bongga Ka ‘Day, Annie Batungbakal, Manila, Pers Lab, Langit Na Naman,
Dying To Tell You, Bitin Sa Iyo and Beh, Buti nga was popularized by The
Hotdog band.
- After the decline of disco music, practitioners used this dance for fitness
exercises.

➢ RETRO DANCE STEPS

● THE SPRINKLER
- Form of dance move involving a person placing one hand on the back of
the neck, and waving the other arm back and forth while spinning in a
circle. This stimulates the motion of the garden irrigation sprinkler.
● THE ROGER RABBIT
- This dance imitates the floppy movements of the lead cartoon character
as seen in the 1988 film Who Framed Roger Rabbit.
● THE RUNNING MAN
- MC Hammer, was the proponent of this famous dance. It is widely
performed in different video and disco houses.
● THE THRILLER
- This dance step was popularized by Michael Jackson during the
80’s. It is considered as classic dance move because it is still incorporating
to other dance craze up to this generation.

➔ NATURE OF DANCE
● DANCE
- It is an art performed by individuals or groups of people, existing in time, space
force and flow in which the human body is the instrument and the movement is
medium.
- It is a succession or arrangement of steps and rhythm movements to musical or rhythmic
accompaniment.
- It is performed for several purposes such as entertainment part of rituals or expression of
inner feelings.

➢ CHARACTERISTICS OF DANCE
● Use of human body
● Extends through time
● Exists in space
● Exists in force
● Accompanied by rhythm
● Serves to communicate
● Has movement, style and form

➢ FUNCTIONS OF DANCE
● It is an art form
● May also be a form of popular entertainment
● Form of social affirmation
● Means of religion worship
● Serves as a means of expressing physical exuberance, strength and agility
● Offers an important social and recreational outlet
● Provides a medium through which courtship can be carried out
● Serves as a means of education
● Serves as an occupation

➢ FUNDAMENTAL POSITION OF ARMS AND FEET

❖ ARMS
★ 1ST POSITION
- Raise arms to a circle in front of the chest
 ★ 2ND POSITION
- Open up arms sideward, raised below shoulder level with a graceful
curve.
★ 3RD POSITION
- Raise one arm overhead while the other arm remains in 2nd position.
★ 4TH POSITION
- Raise one arm in front of chest in half circle, while one arm remains
overhead.
★ 5TH POSITION
- Raise both arm overhead in a grace curve

❖ FEET
★ 1ST POSITION
- Bring heels close to touch; toes apart
★ 2ND POSITION
- Bring feet apart sideward
★ 3RD POSITION
- Bring the heel of one foot to touch the other foot.
★ 4TH POSITION
- Bring one foot in front of the other foot to walk strike
★ 5TH POSITION
- Bring the heel of one foot to touch the toe of the other.

➔ FOLK DANCE
- Generally, is a dance composed of rhythmic movement, sustained by a Tempo, beat and
oftentimes accompanied by music, or kinetic movement to ease tension.
- It has spirit character and artistry and it also reflects a particular space from a
historical perspective.
- Portrays the country’s sentimentality and creativeness. These are the country’s traditional
dances, which portray the people’s ideas, mores, traditions, thoughts and feelings by means
of exploring the movements.

➢ OBJECTIVE OF FOLK DANCE

● To promote nationalism and patriotism through the study of our dances
● To enhance appreciation of Philippine music and folk dances.
● To provide a healthful form of relaxation, fun and recreation
● To improve gracefulness and rhythmic coordination using body parts through
movements that will develop good posture.
● To maintain the genuine folk dance and music to the different regions of our country.
➢ CHARACTERISTICS OF FOLK DANCE
● It is mandatory that Philippine folk dances begin and end with a bow or saludo
● Most of the dances are performed maintaining a distance of about 6-8 feet from
each other.
● Holding hands is common and body contact is not visible
● Most of the dancers are in pairs
● Hand and arm movements play very important roles

➢ CLASSIFICATIONS OF FOLK DANCES

1. OCCUPATIONAL DANCES
- Show movement of certain occupation, industry or manual labor.
- Example: Pasiguin (originated in Pasig) - interpreting toll in the life of the
fishermen in the river.
2. RELIGIOUS OR CEREMONIAL DANCES
- Done in connection with religious festivity and ceremonies.
- Example: Putong or Tubong - is a ceremony occasionally performed in the
Province of Marinduque. Philippines, in which visitors are honored and welcomed.
3. COMIC DANCES
- Gives a picture of funny movements for fun and entertainment
- Example: Kinoton and a Makongo
4. GAME DANCES
- A dance that has element of play
- Example: Lubi-lubi and Pabo
5. COURTSHIP DANCES
- Represent flirting, caress and loving movements.
- Example: Carinossa
6. FESTIVAL DANCES
- Are appropriate for fiesta celebrations or any social gathering.
- Example: Pandanggo sa Ilaw and Sayaw sa Obando
7. WAR DANCES
- A dance that depicts imaginary combat or duel
- Example: Sagayan and Palo-palo

➢ DANCE TERMINOLOGIES
● Arms in lateral position - both arms at are in one side, either right or left, at shoulder, chest
or waist level.
● Bleking - to place the heel of the foot on the floor in front or across in front
● Free Foot - the foot not bearing the weight of the body
● Free Hand - the hand not placed anywhere or not doing anything
● Hayon-hayon - to place one forearm in front and the other at the back of the waist
● Inside Foot - the foot nearest one partner, when partners stand side by side
● Inside Hand - the hand nearest one’s partner, when partners stand side by side
● Saludo / Bow - patterns with the feet together bow to each other, to the audience, opposite
dancers or the neighbors.
● Set - a dance formation like a square or a unit formation composed of two or more pairs
● Stamp - to bring down the foot forcibly and noisily on the floor.
● Salok - swing the arm downward upward passing in front of the body as if scooping.
● Pivot - to turn with the ball, heel or whole foot on a fixed place or point
● Outside foot - the foot away from one’s partner, when partners stand side by side
● Outside hand - the hand away from one’s partner, when partners stand side by side
● Kumintang - moving the hand from the wrist either in a clockwise or counterclockwise
direction.