Scribd
Upload
104 views

Assignment IV Version 1

The document contains 9 questions regarding solar collectors: 1. It asks to estimate the heat loss coefficient and glazing temperature for a flat-plate collector using empirical formulas. 2. It asks to derive the heat loss coefficient using fundamental equations instead of empirical formulas. 3. It asks to estimate collector efficiency factors for different materials, given specifications of the collector. 4. It asks to calculate useful heat gain, efficiency, and outlet temperature for the collector under certain conditions. 5. It asks to plot efficiency and outlet temperature versus inlet temperature for the collector with a copper absorber. The remaining questions concern concentrated solar collectors and an evacuated tube collector.

Uploaded by

Rony Bou chebl
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
104 views

Assignment IV Version 1

The document contains 9 questions regarding solar collectors: 1. It asks to estimate the heat loss coefficient and glazing temperature for a flat-plate collector using empirical formulas. 2. It asks to derive the heat loss coefficient using fundamental equations instead of empirical formulas. 3. It asks to estimate collector efficiency factors for different materials, given specifications of the collector. 4. It asks to calculate useful heat gain, efficiency, and outlet temperature for the collector under certain conditions. 5. It asks to plot efficiency and outlet temperature versus inlet temperature for the collector with a copper absorber. The remaining questions concern concentrated solar collectors and an evacuated tube collector.

Uploaded by

Rony Bou chebl
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 2

Assignment IV

Module 5
Q1. Given a one-cover flat-plate collector of dimensions 3m(height)x 6m (length) ,
tilted at a 400 angle to horizontal, wind blows at 4 m/s, long wave emissivities of the
absorber plate and glazing are 0.92 and 0.88 respectively, the glass cover distance
from the plate is 35 mm, the ambient temperature is 100C and the mean absorber
temperature is 900C.
Employing the approximate empirical formula in your notes, estimate the overall
heat loss coefficient from top surface of plate to ambient, as well as the glazing
temperature.
Q2. Instead of the empirical formula you used in Q1, derive the heat loss coefficient
from top surface of plate to ambient employing the fundamental equations for
radiation and convection heat transfer.
Hint: employ the value of the glazing temperature you derived in Q1 as an initial
guess, and no need to iterate for higher accuracy; however, conduct the relevant
checks to reveal whether or not iteration is necessary. Also, make use of the results
you obtained from Q1
Q3.The overall heat loss coefficient of a FPC is 6.5 W/m2K. The absorber plate is 0.4
mm thick and the riser tubes have 10 mm inside diameters and 12 mm outside
diameter. If the distance between the centers of the riser tubes is 12 cm and the tube
inside convection heat transfer coefficient is 250 W/m2K, estimate the collector
efficiency factor when the material used is aluminum and when it is copper. You may
take kCu =385, and kAl =211.
Q4. For the collector presented in question 3, given that the fluid inlet temperature is
500C, ambient temperature is 200C, fluid mass flow rate through the collector is 0.03
kg/s , the collector dimensions are 2 m × 1m , (τα)=0.8, and solar insolence at the
hour considered is 890 W/m2 ; calculate the useful heat gained , the collector
efficiency and the fluid outlet temperature when the material used is copper and
when it is Aluminum.
Q5. For the collector described in questions 3 and 4, for the copper absorber plate
and pipes, plot the collector efficiency versus (Tf,i –Ta ), and Tf,o versus Tf,i .
Q6.A CPC is located in Cairo(φ=300) and is to be operated for 6 hours on June 21rst
without adjustments throughout the day. Calculate the minimum acceptance angle
required for the collector, its concentration ratio and its orientation (axes inclination
to horizontal).
Will this acceptance angle guarantee 6 hours of solar radiation collection through-out
the year for a stationary collector? Will it guarantee it for a collector with daily
adjustment of the collector axis inclination? Just reply with yes or no, however a
correct reply will fetch a full grade whereas an incorrect one will result in a penalty of
-1/2 the full grade; no reply will earn no grade but no penalties either.

Q7.A truncated CPC of acceptance angle 180 displays half the height of a full CPC with
the same acceptance angle and Aperture area. In comparison with the full CPC, what
is the % reduction in concentration ratio, area of reflector surface and number of
reflections?
2
Q8. A Full CPC has an aperture area of 2m and a C=5 ; estimate collector efficiency
and fluid outlet temperature, given the following:
2
Total radiation = 800 W/m ; Diffuse to total radiation ratio=0.25; Receiver
absorptivity=0.87 Receiver emissivity=0.12; Mirror reflectivity=0.90; Glass cover
2
transmissivity =0.9; Collector heat loss coefficient =2.5 W/m K;
0
Circulating fluid = water; Entering fluid temperature =50 C ; circulating fluid flow
0
rate=0.015 kg/s; Ambient temperature = 20 C; Collector efficiency factor F’=0.90

Q9. An evacuated tube collector of the direct flow type, comprises two concentric
glass tubes with vacuum in between, as sketched in the example of Module 5, lecture
5. The external surface of the inner tube is covered with a selective coating, and a
thermal fluid flows inside it. Given that the convective heat transfer coefficient to the
environment under standard conditions is 30 W/m2K , calculate the thermal
resistance to heat loss from plate(inner tube) to environment , and estimate its
stagnation temperature. Take D=5 cm, d=4cm, length of tube 1.0m; long-wave
emittances: εp=0.10, εg=1.0; short wave (solar) absorptance of plate αp=0.85, short-
2 o o o
wave transmittance of glass τg=0.90, Gt= 950 W/m , Ta =20 C, Tcov=Tg=40 C; Tp=100 C

You might also like