Detailed Lesson Plan in Grade 9 Mathematics
Detailed Lesson Plan in Grade 9 Mathematics
Department of Education
Region III
Division of City of San Fernando
II.CONTENT (Nilalaman)
Quadratic Equation
III.LEARNING RESOURCES (KagamitangPanturo)
A. Reference
1. Teacher’s Guide pages
2. Learner’s Materials pages P. 13 - 51
3. Textbook pages
4. Additional materials from Learning Resource (LR) portal
B. Other Learning Resources
IV.PROCEDURE (Pamamaraan)
A. Reviewing previous lesson or presenting the new lesson ( Balik-aral sa nakaraang aralin at/o pagsisimula ng
bagong aralin)
How are you today?
Enjoy learning okay.
Before we proceed with your lesson. Let’s try to recall the different methods in factoring
Case 1: Factoring quadratic Equation where the a = 1,
Example 1: x 2+ 6 x=−9 Step 1: x 2+ 6 x+ 9=−9+ 9
Step 1: By adding 9 to the both side of the equation it will form a x 2+ 6 x+ 9=0
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standard form. ( a x + bx+ c=0 ¿ Step 2: ( x +3 ) ( x +3 )=0
Step 2: Factor the equation Step 3: x +3=0∧x +3=0
Step 3: Apply the zero product
Step 4: Since the resulting equation are the same we will solve for one Step 4: x +3+ (−3 ) =0+ (−3 )
x by adding -3 to the both side of the equation. The root is -3 x=−3
Step 5: Check by substituting the value in the original equation. Step 5: x=−3
x 2+ 6 x=−9
The value of “x” satisfies the equation. (−3)2 +6(−3)=−9
Answer: The equation x 2+ 6 x=−9 is true when x = - 3. 9+(−18)=−9
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Example 2: x 2−7 x=−12
Step 1: By adding 12 to the both side of the equation it will form a Step 1: x 2−7 x+ 12=−12+12
standard form. ( a x 2+ bx+ c=0 ¿ x 2−7 x+ 12=0
Step 2: Factor the equation Step 2: ( x−4 ) ( x−3 )=0
Step 3: Apply the zero product Step 3: x−4=0∧x−3=0
Step 4: Since we have to 2 different equations we add 4 to the first
equation and 3 to the second equations Step 4: x−4+ 4=0+4 x−3+3=0+3
Step 5: Check by substituting the value in the original equation. x=4 x=3
Step 5: x=4 x=3
2 2
As you see, both value of “x” satisfies the equation. x −7 x=−12 x −7 x=−12
4 2−7 ( 4 ) =−123 2−7 ( 3 )=−12
Answer: The equation x 2−7 x=−12 is true when x = 4 and x = 3. 16−28=−12 9−21=−12
As you notice the given quadratic equation is already in its standard form.
Since the leading coefficient of 2 x2 +7 x +3=0 is 2, we cannot use the previous methods in factoring.
Instead to factor2 x2 +7 x +3=0, we need to find the two integers with the product of 6(product of the leading
coefficient and the constant which is 2 and 3) and a sum of 7(the value of b in this equation)
Next, we use this two numbers to tell us how to break up the x-term in the original expression. So we can express
our polynomial as
2 x2 +7 x +3=2 x 2 +1 x +6 x +3
We can now use grouping to factor the polynomial:
2
2 ( 14 )− 72 +3=0 2(9)−21+ 3=0
2 7
− +3=0 18−21+ 3=0
4 2
2−14
+3=0 21−21=0
4
−12
+3=0 0=0
4
−3+3=0
0=0
As you see both roots satisfy the equation
−1
Answer: The equation 2 x2 +7 x +3=0 is true when x = and x = −3
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C. Presenting examples/instances of the new lesson (Pag-uugnay ng mga halimbawa sa bagong aralin)
A quadratic Inequality is an inequality that contains a polynomial of degree 2 and can be written of
the following form:
1. ax 2 +bx +c >0 (greater than) 3. ax 2 +bx +c ≥ 0 (greater than or equal to)
2.ax 2 +bx +c <0 ( less than) 4. ax 2 +bx +c ≤ 0 (less than or equal to)
Example
Note that this is equality ax 2 +bx +c=0 and all of the above are inequality. 1. Find
the
solution
of set of x 2+ 7 x +12>0
Step 1: The corresponding equality of x 2+ 7 x +12>0 is x 2+ 7 x +12=0
Step 2: Solve x 2+ 7 x +12=0, like what we do in your review part( Letter )
Solution: x 2+ 7 x +12=0 ( Writethe corresponding equality )
( x +3 ) ( x + 4 ) =¿ 0 (Factor the given equality)
x +3=0∧x +4=0 ( Equating both factors¿ Zero )
x=−3∧x=−4( By adding−3∧−4¿the both side of theequation)
Step 3. Plot the points corresponding to -3 and -4 on the number line.
There are 3 intervals in this number line First the red one which means all number less than – 4(e.g. -5.-6,-7 and so
on), Next the green part which means between -4 and -3(e.g. -4.9, -4.8, -4.7 and so on). Lastly the blue which means all number
greater than -3(e.g. -2, -1, 0, 1 and so on).
Step 4. We will test a number from each interval against the inequality
First interval, red part which can be Second Interval, green part can be Next, the blue part which can be written
written into −∞< x ←4 , you can written into−4< x ←3, you can into−3< x <∞ , now we can choose
choose any number from the interval in choose any number from the interval in any number from this interval, in this
this case we will choose -7. this case I choose -3.6. case we choose 0.
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x 2+ 7 x +12>0 x 2+ 7 x +12>0 x 2+ 7 x +12>0
(−7)2 +7(−7)+12> 0 (−3.6)2 +7(−3.6)+12>0 (0)2 +7 ( 0 ) +12>0
49−49+ 12> 0 12.96−25.2+ 12> 0 12>0
12>0 −0.24 >0
Since, 12 is greater than 0, this is Since, -0.24 is less than 0, this is Since, 12 is greater than 0, this is
True False True
This is number line will look like after step 4, between -4 and -3 is False, it will not be included in highlighting in the
number line
x = -4 x = -3
x 2+ 7 x +12>0 x 2+ 7 x +12>0
(−4)2+ 7(−4)+12>0 (−3)2 +7(−3)+12>0
16−28+12>0 9−21+12>0
−12+12>0 −12+12>0
0> 0 0> 0
False, therefore -4 is not part of the solution set False, therefore -3 is not part of the solution set
Since, both value is false we will use hollow circle in the number line. (we use hollow circle when it is FALSE,
and solid circle when it TRUE.)
If you get the correct answer you may proceed with Example 2, if not go back to Example 1.
There are 3 intervals in this number line First the red one which means all number less than – 4(e.g. -5.-6,-7 and so
on), Next the green part which means between -4 and 1.5(e.g. -3, -2,-1,0 and so on). Lastly the blue which means all number
greater than 1.5(e.g. 2,3,4,5 and so on).
Step 4. We will test a number from each interval against the inequality
First interval, red part which can be Second Interval, green part can be Next, the blue part which can be written
written into−∞< x ←4 , you can 3 3
choose any number from the interval in written into −4< x < , you can into < x < ∞, now we can choose any
2 2
this case we will choose -5.
choose any number from the interval in number from this interval, in this case
this case I choose 0 we choose 5.
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2 x2 +7 x−12 ≤ 0 2 x2 +7 x +12≤ 0 2 x2 +7 x−12 ≤ 0
2(−5)2 +7 (−5 )−12 ≤ 0 2(0)2 +7 ( 0 ) −12≤ 0 2(5)2 +7 ( 5 )−12 ≤ 0
2 ( 25 )−35−12≤ 0 −12 ≤0 25+35−12≤ 0
50−35−12 ≤0 60−12≤ 0
50−47 ≤ 0 48 ≤ 0
3≤0 Since -12 is less than or equal to 0,
Since, 3 is not less than or equal to Since, 48 is not less than 0, this is
this is True False
0, this is False
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This is number line will look like after step 4, between -4 and is False, it will not be included in highlighting in the
2
number line.
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Step 5. We also test the solution set which is -4 and .
2
x = -4 3
x= .
2
Since, both value is TRUE we will use solid circle in the number line (we use hollow circle , when it is FALSE,
and solid circle when it TRUE.)
D. Discussing new concepts and practicing new skills #2 (Pagtalakay ng bagong konsepto at paglalahad ng
bagong kasanayan #1
Now that we know how to illustrate quadratic inequalities using number line, now let’s proceed in our next discussio
Properties of Inequality
Case 1: A product is positive when factors are both positive or both negative. That is, if ab> 0, then a> 0∧b >0, or
a< 0∧b <0. This is also applicable with≥.
Case 1: A product is negative when factor is positive and the other is negative. That is if ab< 0 , thena>0∧b< 0 or
a< 0∧b >0. This is also applicable with ≤
Step 2: Solving each linear inequality given: Scenario1 : x< 3∧x >2
Remember the word “and” connotes intersection. The intersection of the graphs of x <3∧x >2 is shown in the
number line below.
−∞ +∞
-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
The graph shows that the solution for Scenario 1 is 2< x <3 this read as all number that is greater than 2 but less 3.
This means the solution set for scenario 1 are all number between 2 and 3
Step 3: Solving each linear inequality given: Scenario2 : x−3>0∧x−2<0
x >3∧x <2
The graph of x >3∧x <2 shows no intersection or ∅
−∞ +∞
-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
That is, the solution for case 2 is an empty set. If the word “and” connotes intersection, the word “or” connotes
union. Since the premise is Scenario 1 or Scenario 2, hence the union of Scenario 1 and scenario 2 should be
considered.
−∞ +∞
-4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3
3
The yellow part is the intersection of the graph in the number line and can be written x≥
2
Step 3: Solving each linear inequality given: Scenario2 :2 x−3 ≤0∧x+ 4 ≤ 0
3
x ≤ (1.5)∧x ≤−4
2
6
3
The intersection of the graphs of x ≤ (1.5)∧x ≤−4 is shown below
2
−∞ +∞
--6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2
The yellow part is the intersection of the graph in the number line and can be written x ≤−4
The union of the solution to scenario 1 and the solution to scenario 2 is
3 3
x ≥ ∪ x ≤−4=x ≥ ∨x ≤−4
2 2
3
Therefore, the solution to 2 x2 +5 x−12 ≥ 0 are those values of greater than or equal to or those values of x less
2
3
than or equal to -4 or in symbols x ≥ ∨x ≤−4
2
Note: Since the inequality symbols used in this example is ≤ the roots are not included in the solution set and we
use solid circle in the number line. But if the inequality symbol is ¿∨¿ we will use hollow circle in the number line.
E. Discussing new concepts and practicing new skills #2 (Pagtalakay ng bagong konsepto at paglalahad ng
bagong kasanayan #2
Now, to know where the shaded part of the parabola we use points inside and
outside the parabola. First we try one point inside the parabola. B(0,8)
substitute to y < x 2+ 3 x +2
8<(0)2+ 3(0)+2
8< 0+0+2
7
8< 0 ,This is FALSE
Next , we try a point outside the parabola D(3,3) substitute to
y < x 2+ 3 x +2
3< ( 3 )2 +3 ( 3 ) +2
3< 9+ 6+2
3<16 , This is TRUE
By this method, we now know that the shade part of the parabola is outside of it. We use a broken line in the parabola , because
all point on it is also False. Here is a proof of it. Point C(1,6) substitute to y < x 2+ 3 x +2
6<(1)2+3 (1)+2
6<1+3+ 2
6< 6, This is FALSE
Activity 4. Solve and graph this quadratic inequality. y ≥2 x 2−3 x+1
Now, check your work by turning to page 9 - 10 for the key to correction.
If you get the correct answer you may proceed next part of the lesson,
If not, you have to go back to section A and try all over again.
G. Finding practical applications of concepts and skills in daily living ( Paglalapat ng aralin sa pang-araw-araw
na buhay)
Now, if you going to ask, what are the application this quadratic inequalities, well I have few example I think that
you can relate too.
1. The city government is planning to construct a new children’s playground. It wants to fence in a rectangular ground
using one of the walls of a building. The length of the new playground is 15 m longer than it is wide and its area is greater
than the old playground.
In the given situation, the width of the room can be represented by w and the length by w + 15.
If we represent the area of the old playground as A(Area) , then the quadratic inequality that would represent the given
situation is w(w + 15) > A or w2 + 15w > A. (WE use the formula of LW = A)
Suppose the area of the old playground is 2200 m 2. The situation tells us that the area of the new playground is
greater than the area of the old playground. This means that the area of the new playground is greater than 2200. It
could be 2300, 3500, 4600, and so on.
The situation tells us that the area of the new playground is greater than the area of the old playground. This means
that the area of the new playground is greater than 2200. It could be 2300, 3500, 4600, and so on.
Can you think of other ways on how quadratic inequalities is applied in real-life?
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Quadratic Inequalities Involving Two Variables
These inequalities can be written in any of the following form:
1. y >ax 2 +bx +c (greater than)
2. y <ax 2 +bx +c ( less than)
3. y ≥ ax2 +bx +c ≥ (greater than or equal to)
4. y ≤ ax2 +bx +c (less than or equal to)
Now, check your work by turning to page 10 for the key to correction.
How many correct answers did you get? Rate your result using the table above.
If your score is at least 3 out of 5, you may now proceed to next part of the discussion.
If not, you have to go back to section A and try all over again.
Now, check your work by turning to page 10 for the key to correction.
How many correct answers did you get? Rate your result using the table above.
If your score is at least 3 out of 5 you may now proceed to next part of the discussion.
If not, you have to section A and try again.
Key to Correction:
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Developing mastery (Paglinang sa kabihasnan)
1. Answer: FALSE 3. Answer: TRUE 5. Answer: FALSE
2. Answer: FALSE 4. Answer: TRUE
J.Additional activities
Activity 1:
1. Answer: 9∧−2 −2 −9
4. Answer: ∧−7 5. Answer: ∧2
2. Answer:−2∧7 3 4
3. Answer:1∧8
Activity 2.
1. Answer: TRUE 4. Answer: TRUE
2. Answer: FALSE 5. Answer: FALSE
3. Answer: TRUE
If you need more help, you may reach me at cp # 09354982767 or send me a private message thru my facebook
account Paul John Tasic
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