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Chapter 1 IT Infrastructure and Emerging Technologies

The document discusses IT infrastructure, its evolution, components, and current trends in computer hardware and software platforms. It describes the stages of IT infrastructure evolution from the mainframe era to today's cloud and mobile computing. The key components of IT infrastructure include computer hardware, operating systems, enterprise software, data management, networking, internet platforms, and consulting services. Current trends in hardware include the rise of mobile devices, consumerization of IT, virtualization, cloud computing, edge computing, and green computing. Software trends include blockchain, cloud-based development, multi-cloud architectures, modern programming languages, and cloud-native app development.

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Carmen Schofield
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
367 views

Chapter 1 IT Infrastructure and Emerging Technologies

The document discusses IT infrastructure, its evolution, components, and current trends in computer hardware and software platforms. It describes the stages of IT infrastructure evolution from the mainframe era to today's cloud and mobile computing. The key components of IT infrastructure include computer hardware, operating systems, enterprise software, data management, networking, internet platforms, and consulting services. Current trends in hardware include the rise of mobile devices, consumerization of IT, virtualization, cloud computing, edge computing, and green computing. Software trends include blockchain, cloud-based development, multi-cloud architectures, modern programming languages, and cloud-native app development.

Uploaded by

Carmen Schofield
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Chapter 1 :IT Infrastructure and Emerging Technologies

1.1 What is IT infrastructure, and what are the stages and drivers of IT
infrastructure evolution?
o What is IT infrastructure?
•Set of physical devices and software required to operate an enterprise
•Set of firm-wide services including:
–Computing platforms providing computing services
–Physical facilities management services
–I T management, education, and other services

o Stages of evolution
General-purpose mainframe and minicomputer era: 1959 to present

Personal computer era: 1981 to present

Client/server era: 1983 to present

Enterprise computing era: 1992 to present

Cloud and mobile computing: 2000 to present

o Drivers of IT infrastructure evolution


•Technology Drivers of Infrastructure Evolution
•Moore’s law and micro processing power
–Computing power doubles every 2 years
–Nanotechnology

•Law of Mass Digital Storage


–The amount of data being stored each year doubles
•Metcalfe’s Law and network economics
–Value or power of a network grows exponentially as a function of
the number of network members.

•Declining communication costs and the Internet


–Exponential growth in size of the Internet

•Standards and network effects


–Technology standards

▪Specifications that establish the compatibility of products and the


ability to communicate in a network

▪Unleash powerful economies of scale and result in price declines

1.2 What are the components of I T infrastructure?


1.Computer hardware platforms
2.Operating system platforms
3.Enterprise software applications
4.Data management and storage
5.Networking/telecommunications platforms
6.Internet platforms
7.Consulting system integration services

1.3 What are the current trends in computer hardware platforms?


o What is computer hardware platforms?

•Client machines
–Desktop P C s, laptops
–Mobile computing: smartphones, tablets
–Desktop chips vs. mobile chips
•Servers
•Mainframes
–I B M mainframe
–Digital workhorse for banking and telecommunications networks

o What are the current trends?


•The mobile digital platform
–Smartphones
–Netbooks
–Tablet computers
–Digital e-book readers and apps (Kindle)
–Wearable devices

•Consumerization of I T and B Y O D (bring your own device)


–Forces businesses and I T departments to rethink how I T equipment
and services are acquired and managed

•Quantum computing
–Uses quantum physics to represent and operate on data
–Dramatic increases in computing speed

•Virtualization
–Allows single physical resource to act as multiple resources (i.e., run
multiple instances of O S)
–Reduces hardware and power expenditures
–Facilitates hardware centralization
–Software-defined storage (S D S)

•Cloud computing
–On-demand computing services obtained over network

▪Infrastructure as a service

▪Software as a service
▪Platform as a service
–Cloud can be public or private
–Allows companies to minimize I T investments
–Drawbacks: Concerns of security, reliability
–Hybrid cloud computing model

•Edge computing
–Servers at the edge of the Internet
–Reducing latency, and network traffic

•Green computing (Green I T )


–Practices and technologies for manufacturing, using, disposing of
computing and networking hardware
–Reducing power consumption a high priority
–Data centers

•High performance, power-saving processors


–Multicore processors

•Grid computing is a distributed architecture of large numbers


of computers connected to solve a complex problem. In the grid
computing model, servers or personal computers run independent tasks
and are loosely linked by the Internet or low-speed networks.
Computers may connect directly or via scheduling systems

•Autonomic computing (also known as AC) refers to the self-managing


characteristics of distributed computing resources, adapting to
unpredictable changes while hiding intrinsic complexity to operators and
users.
1.4 What are the current computer software platforms and trends?
o What is the software platform?
•Corporate servers
–Windows Server
–Unix
–Linux

•Client level

–Microsoft Windows

–Android, i O S, Windows 10 (mobile/multitouch)

–Google’s Chrome O S (cloud computing)

o What is the current trend?


•Blockchain technology. ...
•Cloud-based CI/CD. ...
•Multi-cloud architectures. ...
•Rise of modern programming languages. ...
•Cloud-native application development. ...
•Trends in software development & AppDev. ...
•Related reading.

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