Commission on Higher Education

Region V

Bicol University Polangui Campus

CPE 307
Computer Engineering Drafting and Design

ACTIVITY 1: Block Diagram

Prepared by:
MARY GRACE B. BOTICARIO
BSCPE 3A

Prepared to:
ENGR. FILOMENO E. PLAZA III
CPE 307-PROFESSOR

September 6, 2021
 ACTIVITY 1: Block Diagram
1. In a design project, why is it important to create a block diagram?
2. What are the three parts of a computer system?
3. Describe the components of computer system flow from the input, process and output.
Identify the input, process and output.

IMPORTANCE OF BLOCK DIAGRAM

Block Diagrams are pictorial representations of control system. It is used to build a

A block diagram of a computer shows the internal structure of the computer, as well as
providing a rapid overview of the internal working work flow of the computer system, from data
input to output retrieval.

Computer systems are made up of three parts: input unit, the central processing unit, and
output unit. Input units send data to the processor, which processes it and creates meaningful
information for the user to see via output unit.

Input Unit

The scanner, joystick, keyboard, mouse, and other input devices are all found in the input unit.
These input devices enable the user to enter instructions or data into a computer system. The
input unit serves as a communication intermediary, transferring data from the user to the
computer system in a structured manner for processing.

The input unit aids in the conversion of machine-readable (0s and 1s) instructions for
subsequent processing. It also transfers the data to primary memory of computer system.

Central Processing Unit

It is also known as the computer's "brain" or "heart." A central processing unit (CPU) is a
physical electrical device that can execute a variety of activities such as arithmetic and logic. It
can do all computations, comparisons, and operations entirely within the CPU.

All instructions are fetched from memory, and the sequence of all instructions is handled by the
CPU. It allows all peripheral devices to communicate with one another. Central Processing Unit
ensures that all data and instructions flow from one component to the next. To be able to carry
out the computations required by the application program is also how the CPU works.

The arithmetic and logic unit and the control unit are two portions of the Central Processing Unit.
Arithmetic and Logic Unit

 Is in charge of performing all arithmetic and logic operations on data provided via input
devices, which is then stored in the main memory storage unit.
 Addition, subtraction, division, and multiplication are only a handful of the elementary
operations that an arithmetical unit may do.
 The logical unit can handle operations such as AND, OR, EQUAL, GREATER THAN,
and LESS THAN, among others. Logical Unit also performs actions such as comparing,
selecting, matching, and merging data.

Control Unit

 The control unit collects a set of instructions or information, then assists in the
conversion of the instruction set to control signals, which are then sent to the central
processor for further processing. CU is capable of precisely determining which types of
operations to perform. The control signals are assisting in the prioritization and
scheduling of the activities. It enables the coordination of all tasks within the computer,
as well as input and output devices.
 When the input unit collects data from the user via a few input devices, the control unit
offers instructions to the input unit on where to save the data. While implementing a
program, the control unit can read one instruction at a time and then assist the ALU in
executing all of the commands. After the computation, the output of the execution ALU is
handed over to the control unit, which directs it to memory and also to the output unit,
which displays the result on the screen.

OUTPUT UNIT

The computer system's output unit is responsible for delivering and displaying computing results
to the outside world. In general, the output unit reverses the process of the input unit, converting
binary language digitalized information into electronic impulses that may be read by output
devices. There are a few popular output devices, such as a monitor, projector, headphones, and
speakers.

The output device delivers the result in two formats: soft copy and hard copy. The monitor is
used to display soft copies on the screen, while the printer is used to display hard copies on
paper.

The data or information from the primary memory of the computer system is received by the
output unit, which converts it into machine language. It aids in the translation of machine
language into human language.