CCNA Discovery

Networking for Home and Small Businesses

Lab 8.4.3 Performing a Vulnerability Analysis

CAUTION: This lab may violate legal and organizational security policies. The security analyzer
downloaded in this lab should only be used for instructional purposes in a lab environment. Before
using a security analyzer on a live network, check with your instructor and network administration
staff regarding internal policies concerning the use of these tools.

Objectives
• Download and install security analyzer software.
• Test a host to determine potential security vulnerabilities.

Background / Preparation
Security analyzers are valuable tools used by network administrators and auditors to identify network and
host vulnerabilities. There are many vulnerability analysis tools, also known as security scanners, available to
test host and network security. In this lab, you will download and install the Microsoft Baseline Security
Analyzer (MBSA). MBSA is designed to identify potential security issues related specifically to Microsoft
operating systems, updates, and applications. It also identifies unnecessary services that may be running, as
well as any open ports.
MBSA runs on Windows Server and Windows XP systems and scans for common security misconfigurations
and missing security updates for the operating system as well as most versions of Internet Information Server
(IIS), SQL Server, Internet Explorer (IE), and Office products. MBSA offers specific recommendations to
correct potential problems.
This lab can be done individually or in teams of two.
The following resources are required:
• Computer running Windows XP Professional to act as the test station.
• High-speed Internet connection for downloading MBSA (unless pre-installed).
• Computer must be attached to the integrated router switch or a standalone hub or switch.
• Optionally, you can have a server running a combination of DHCP, HTTP, FTP, and Telnet
(preconfigured).

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CCNA Discovery
Networking for Home and Small Businesses

Step 1: Download and install MBSA

a. Open a browser and go to the MBSA web page at:
http://www.microsoft.com/technet/security/tools/mbsa2/default.mspx
b. What is the latest version of MBSA available? _______________________________________
c. What are some of the features MBSA provides? _____________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
d. Scroll down the page and select the desired language to begin the download process.
e. Click Continue to validate the copy of Microsoft Windows you are running.
f. Click Download Files below and select the file you want to download. (The English setup file is
MBSASetup-EN.msi). Click the Download button on the right of this file. How many megabytes is the
file to download? ______________________________________________________________
g. When the File Download – Security Warning dialog box displays, click Save and download the file
to a specified folder or the desktop. You can also run it from the download website.
h. Once the download is complete, make sure all other applications are closed. Double-click the
downloaded file. Click Run to start the Setup program, and then click Run if you are prompted with a
Security Warning. Click Next on the MBSA Setup screen.
i. Select the radio button to accept the license agreement and click Next. Accept the defaults as the
install progresses, and then click Finish. Click OK on the final MBSA Setup screen, and close the
folder to return to the Windows desktop.

Step 2: Build the network and configure the hosts

a. Connect the host computer(s) to the integrated router, a hub, or a switch as shown in the topology
diagram. Host-A is the test station where MBSA will be installed. The server is optional.
b. Set the IP configuration for the host(s) using Windows XP Network Connections and TCP/IP
properties. If the host is connected to the integrated router, configure it as a DHCP client; otherwise
go to Step 1d.
c. If the host is connected to a hub or switch and a DHCP server is not available, configure it manually
by assigning a static IP address.
Which IP address and subnet mask does Host-A and the server (optional) have?
____________________________________________________________________________

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CCNA Discovery
Networking for Home and Small Businesses

Step 3: Run MBSA on a host

a. Double-click the desktop icon for MBSA or run it from Start > All Programs.
When the main screen displays, which options are available? ___________________________
____________________________________________________________________________

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CCNA Discovery
Networking for Home and Small Businesses

Step 4: Select a computer to scan

a. On the left side of the screen, click Pick a computer to scan. The computer shown as the default is
the one on which MBSA is installed.
b. What are the two ways to specify a computer to be scanned? ___________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
c. Accept the default computer to be scanned. De-select Check for IIS and SQL administrative
vulnerabilities, since these services are not likely to be installed on the computer being scanned. Click
Start Scan.

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CCNA Discovery
Networking for Home and Small Businesses

Step 5: View security update scan results

a. View the security report. What are the results of the security update scan? ________________
____________________________________________________________________________
b. If there are any red or yellow Xs, click How to correct this. Which solution is recommended?
____________________________________________________________________________

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CCNA Discovery
Networking for Home and Small Businesses

Step 6: View Windows scan results in the security report

a. Scroll down to view the second section of the report that shows Windows Scan Results. Were there
any administrative vulnerabilities identified?
____________________________________________________________________________

b. On the Additional System Information section of the screen (below), in the Issue column for
Services, click What was scanned, and click Result details under the Result column to get a
description of the check that was run. What did you find? When finished, close both popup windows
to return to the security report.
____________________________________________________________________________

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CCNA Discovery
Networking for Home and Small Businesses

Step 7: View Desktop Application Scan Results in the Security report

a. Scroll down to view the last section of the report that shows Desktop Applications Scan Results.
Were there any administrative vulnerabilities identified?
____________________________________________________________________________

b. How many Microsoft Office products are installed? ___________________________________

c. Were there any security issues with Macro Security for any of them?
____________________________________________________________________________

Step 8: Scan a server, if available

a. If a server with various services is available, click Pick a computer to scan from the main MBSA
screen and enter the IP address of the server, and then click Start Scan. Which security
vulnerabilities were identified?
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
b. Were there any potentially unnecessary services installed? Which port numbers were they on?
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________

Step 9: Uninstall MBSA using Control Panel Add/Remove Programs

a. This step is optional, depending on whether the host will be automatically restored later by a network
process.
b. To uninstall MBSA, click Start > Control Panel > Add/Remove Programs. Locate the MBSA
application and uninstall it. It should be listed as Microsoft Baseline Security Analyzer 2.0.1. Click
Remove, and then click Yes to confirm removal of the MBSA application. When finished, close all
windows to return to the desktop.

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CCNA Discovery
Networking for Home and Small Businesses

Step 10: Reflection

a. The MBSA tool is designed to identify vulnerabilities for Windows-based computers. Search the
Internet for other tools that might exist. List some of the tools discovered.
____________________________________________________________________________
b. Which tools might there be for non-Windows computers? Search the Internet for other tools that
might exist and list some of them here.
____________________________________________________________________________
c. Which other steps could you take to help secure a computer against Internet attacks?
____________________________________________________________________________

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