Problems of the 10th Open Mathematical Olympiad of the Belarusian-Russian University 1

1. In the pool, three swimmers should swim in a 50 -meter long lane, immediately turn around at its end
and swim back to the starting point. First, the first swimmer started; then, in ten seconds, the second
swimmer took the start; and at last, the third one started after another ten seconds. At some point in time,
before reaching the end of the lane, the swimmers were at the same distance from the starting point. The
third swimmer, after reaching the end of the lane and turning around, met the second swimmer, who was
still five meters away from the end of the lane, and the first swimmer, who was eight meters away from
the end of the lane. Find the speed (in m/s) of the first swimmer.
6
Answer: .
7
1 1 1 1 1 
2. Solve the equation ( 1 + 3 + 5 + ... + ( 2n + 1 ) ) :  + + + + ... +  = 342 .
 2 6 12 20 342 
Answer: 17 .
2
3. Find the least value of x , that satisfies the equation x −  x  = 2019 . Here  x  is the largest integer
 
not greater than x .
Answer: 1022119 .
x

∫ (t 2 − 8t + 13 )dt = x sin x
a
4. Solve the equation for those values of a ≠ 0 , for which the equation
0
has a solution.
Answer: 6 .
5. Find the sum of the largest and smallest values of the expression f ( x , y ) = y − x 2 , if x + y ≤ 13 .
Answer: −156 .
6. Find the number of all natural divisors of the number 10999 that are not divisors of the number 10998 .
Answer: 1999 .
7. Find the number of all convex pentagons whose vertices are 5 out of 25 vertices of a convex 25 -gon,
and the two adjacent vertices must be separated by at least three vertices of the 25 -gon.
Answer: 630 .
8. There are two piles of matches. Initially, one pile contains m matches, and there are n matches in the
other, with m > n . The two players alternate turns taking matches from the pile. Making a move, the
player takes any (non-zero) number of matches from one pile, which is a multiple of the number of
matches in the other pile. The winner is the player who takes the last match from one of the piles. What is
the smallest real positive value of α , for which the following statement is true: if m > αn , then the
player making the first move can secure a victory for himself?
1+ 5
Answer: .
2
9. A reconnaissance aircraft is flying in a circle with the center at the point A . The radius of the circle is
10 km, while the speed of the aircraft is 1000 km/h. At some point in time, a missile which has the same
speed as the aircraft, starts from the point A . The missile is controlled so that it is always on the straight
line connecting the aircraft to the point A . How many seconds will it take the missile to reach the air-
craft?
Answer: 18 π .
10. An isosceles trapezium, whose area is 5 sq cm, is circumscribed around a circle having the radius of
1 cm. Find the area of the quadrilateral whose vertices are the points of tangency of the circle and the tra-
pezium.
8
Answer: .
5
11. An equilateral triangle and a square with a common vertex are inscribed in a circle of radius 2 . Eval-
uate the area of the common part of the triangle and the square.
Answer: 8 3 − 9 .
 Problems of the 10th Open Mathematical Olympiad of the Belarusian-Russian University 2

12. An edge of a cube has the length of 9 . Find the distance between the straight lines on which the skew
diagonals of the two adjacent faces of the cube lie.
Answer: 3 3 .
13. In a rectangular parallelepiped ABCDA1B1C1D1 the perpendiculars A1P and BQ are dropped from
the vertices A1 and B on the diagonal AC 1 . Find the length of the line segment PQ , if AB = 4 ,
AD = 3 , AA1 = 5 .
9
Answer: .
5 2
14. A seventh-order square matrix A = ( aij ) is defined as follows: aij = ij , if i ≠ j and aii = i 2 + 2 .
Evaluate det A .
Answer: 9088 .
P( )
5

15. Let the norm P of a polynomial P be the sum of the modules of its coefficients. Find max ,
E P
where E = { P deg P = 5, P ( 1 ) = 0 } , deg P is the degree of the polynomial P , and P ( ) is the fifth
5

order derivative of the polynomial P .

Answer: 60 .
16. Let A1 , A2 , …, An be the vertices of a regular 12 -gon inscribed in a circle with a radius of one, B is
12

∑ BAn
2
some point of this circle. Find .
n =1
Answer: 24 .
17. Find the distance between the nearest points of the curve y = x 4 + 3x 2 + 2x and the line
y = 2x − 1 .
1
Answer: .
5
 π 
n
1

18. Find lim  sin  ⋅ ∑ .
n →∞ 
 n kπ
k =1 2 + cos
n
π
Answer: .
3
1
19. Let ai,0 = , ai, j +1 = ai2, j + 2ai, j . Find lim an ,n .
i −1 n →∞
2
Answer: e − 1 .
2

20. Let the function y = f ( x ) be infinitely differentiable on the interval ( −a, a ) , a > 1 , and let the se-

( )
quence f ( ) ( x ) converge uniformly on this interval. Let lim f ( ) ( 0 ) = 1 . Find lim f ( ) ( 1 ) .
n n
n →∞
n
n →∞
Answer: e .
2018
hk h 2019
21. Let f ( x + h ) = ∑ k ! f ( k ) ( x ) + 2019! f ( 2019 ) ( x + θh ) , where 0 < θ < 1 , f ( 2020 ) ( x ) ≠ 0 . Find
k =0
lim θ .
h →0
1
Answer: .
2020
 Problems of the 10th Open Mathematical Olympiad of the Belarusian-Russian University 3

1
ln ( 1 − 0, 01x 2 )
22. Find the integral ∫ x2 1 − x2
dx .
0

Answer: π ( 0, 99 − 1 . )
7

∫ z 2 ( x )dx , where z ( x ) is a real-valued function, defined by the equation z + xz = 8 .

3
23. Find
0
31
Answer: .
2
1 +∞
24. Find the integral ∫ ln Γ ( x ) sin πxdx , where Γ ( x ) = ∫ t x −1e −tdt is the gamma function.
0 0
1 π
Answer:  1 + ln  .
π  2
1n
1
25. Find the least positive number α , for which lim n
n →∞
α
∫ x x +1dx = 2 .
0
Answer: 2 .
26. An opening got formed in the bottom of a cylindrical tank filled with liquid. Taking the flow rate of
the liquid to be proportional to the height of its level in the tank and knowing that during the first 24 hours
10% of the contents flowed out, determine the amount of time (in days) during which one-half of the liq-
uid flows out.
ln 0, 5
Answer: .
ln 0, 9
27. Let x * ( t ) be the solution to the differential equation x
sin 2t = 2 ( x + cos t ) , which remains bound-
π π
ed, when t → . Find x *   .
2  4 
Answer: 1 − 2 .
28. Find the surface area of a torus, given by the equations x = ( 1 + cos ψ ) cos ϕ ,
y = ( 1 + cos ψ ) sin ϕ , z = sin ψ , 0 ≤ ϕ ≤ 2π , 0 ≤ ψ ≤ 2π .
Answer: 4π 2 .
∞
10n
29. Find the sum of the series ∑ .
n =1 (10n − 1 )(10n +1 − 1)
1
Answer: .
81
199  πki
 100 
30. Evaluate the product ∏  e − 1  .
k =1 
 
Answer: −200 .