Civil Welfare Training Service 1 I Module 4: Substance Abuse Education I 1

SUBSTANCE ABUSE EDUCATION

MODULE 4

OVERVIEW
Drug education is an important strategy for reducing the extent of drug related incidents among young
people. Effective drug education program need to build knowledge and increase the competency of
students to act in safe ways when presented with challenging situations.

LEARNING OUTCOMES

After studying this module, one should be able to:

1. Understand about the drug and drug use
2. Explain the most common abused drugs and their affects

ACTIVITY
1. Drug Addiction and Abuse: Is it Disease or a Choice?
2. What can you do to help your friend who is addicted to drugs?
3. How can you tell if a person is on drugs?

ANALYSIS

1. Does marijuana use lead to the use of other drugs?

2. If you are addicted to drugs, what should you do?
3. Why do some people addicted, while other don’t?
4. Are all drugs addictive? What makes them addictive?

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ABSTRACTION
SUBSTANCE ABUSE EDUCATION

DRUGS
Drugs are chemicals that affect a person in such
a way as to bring about physiological,
emotional, or behavioural change. ‘Dangerous
drugs’ are those that have high tendency for
abuse and dependency, these substances may be
organic or synthetic, and pose harm to those who
use them.

WHAT IS DRUG ABUSE?

Drug abuse is the continuous misuse of any substance, licit, illicit which results to changes in an
individual’s physical, mental or behavioural condition.
Drug abuse exists when a person continually uses a drug other than its intended purpose. This continued
use can lead to drug dependence, a state of physical and psychological dependence or both on a
dangerous drug.

WHY DO PEOPLE TURN TO DRUGS?

 Peer pressure  Feel good
 Curiosity  Escape from reality
 Adventure  Easy access to drugs

WHAT IS DRUG DEPENDENCY? experience withdrawal reactions (also known as

This is the state of physical and psychological “cold turkey”, symptoms that occur after long-
dependence, or both, on a dangerous drug, or term use of a drug is reduced or stopped
drugs, experienced by a person following the use abruptly) after abstaining from drugs.
of that substance on a periodic or continuous
basis. A person dependent on drugs will

WHAT IS ADDICTION?
Drug addiction is a complex, and often chronic, brain disease. It is characterized by excessive drug
craving, seeking, and use. Addiction is caused by brain changes caused by constant drug use.

Drug Abuse: By the Numbers, Estimated Drug Users in the Philippines: 1.3 Million, Mean Age: 20-
29 years old, Ratio of Male is to Female Users: 10:1
Commonly Abused Substances:
(1) Methamphetamine Hydrochloride (Shabu) (3) Inhalants (Contact Cement
(2) Cannabis (Marijuana)

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MOST COMMONLY ABUSED DRUGS AND THEIR EFFECTS:

Methamphetamine Hydrochloride (Shabu)
Methamphetamine hydrochloride is found to Street names: shabs, ice, meth, crystal,
have harmful effects to the brain. It changes how kristal,
the brain functions. Studies have shown that basura,tawas
methamphetamine abusers have reduced motor
skills and impaired verbal learning as a result of
alterations in the activity of the dopamine, a
neurotransmitter involved in reward, motivation,
experience of pleasure and motor function.

Other adverse effects of methamphetamine:

• Extreme weight loss • Insomnia
• Severe dental problems (“meth mouth”) • Mood disturbances
• Anxiety • Violent behaviour
• Confusion

Cannabis Sativa (Marijuana)

Marijuana use impairs a person's ability to form
new memories and to shift focus. Its active
component, tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) also
disrupts coordination and balance, posture, and
reaction time (experience commonly referred to
as “spacing out”). Thus, chronic marijuana use
significantly reduces a person’s capacity to
learn, carry-out complicated tasks, participate in
sports, driving and operating other machineries.
Studies also show that marijuana use can lead to
lung cancer and other problems in the
respiratory and immune systems.
Street names: weed, jutes, pot, grass, damo, chongke

Health problems that come with the use of marijuana include:

• Problems with memory and learning • Trouble with thinking and problem solving
• Distorted perception (sights, sounds, time, • Loss of motor coordination
touch) • Increased heart rate and palpitations
Inhalants
The effects of inhalants are similar to that of alcohol, including slurred speech, lack of coordination,
euphoria and dizziness. Inhalant abusers may also experience light-headedness, hallucinations, and
delusions.

Harmful irreversible effects of inhalants include:

• Hearing loss
• Limb spasms
• Central nervous system or brain damage
.Bone marrow damage

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 Civil Welfare Training Service 1 I Module 4: Substance Abuse Education I 4

A .MENTAL HEALTH/PSYCHOLOGICAL B. PHYSICAL

EFFECTS HEALTH/PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS
a. Systemic
a. Disturbance in Perception – auditory and 1. Cardiac (HEART) Pathology – irregularity
visual hallucination of heart beat, elevated or lowered blood
b. Disturbance in Orientation – paranoia, pressure, chest pain, convulsions or death from
psychosis cardiac arrest
c. Disturbance in Memory 2. Pulmonary (LUNG) Illnesses
d. Disturbance in Judgment – depression that 3. Hepatic (LIVER) Problems
may lead to suicide 4. Renal (KIDNEY) Diseases

COMMON SIGNS OF DRUG ABUSE

The profile of a drug dependent or a substance  Blames everybody but himself (blame
abuser is as follows: tosser) No respect for the rights of
 Changes in attendance in school or work others
 Changes in the normal capabilities in  Prefers to stay with peers (barkada)
school/work  May frequently go to odd places (to take
 Abrupt changes in overall attitude drugs)
 Generally lazy, irritable, discourteous,  Poor physical appearance (unconcerned
aggressive with grooming and hygiene)
 Usually untrustworthy and lacks self-  Wearing of sunglasses at inappropriate
confidence times
 Manipulative  Unusual effort to cover arms to hide
 Have a distorted view of reality needle marks (long- sleeved garments)
 Low frustration tolerance  Stealing items which can be readily sold
 Con-game player  Unusual borrowing of money from
 Lacks interest in his studies/work relatives and friends
(withdrawal from responsibilities)  Association with known drug abusers

CLASSIFICATION OF DRUG ABUSERS

Substance abusers can be classified according to the frequency of their substance use.
1. Experimenters – people who abuse the drug(s) for experimental basis.
2. Occasional Users – abuse the drug occasionally/whenever there are special occasions. They abuse the
drug once every two (2) weeks to two (2) times a week.
3. Regular Users – abuse the drug on a regular basis approximately three (3) to four (4) times a week or
every other day.
4. Drug Dependents – people who tend to abuse the drug(s) everyday (almost every day) or about five
(5) to seven (7) times a week.
5. Mentally Ill Chemical Abuser/Substance Induced Psychosis – drug abusers who manifest signs and
symptom of psychotic disorders caused by the effects of drugs (hallucinations, disorientation, delusions,
etc.)

SUBSTANCE DEPENDENCY AND KEEPING DRUG-FREE

WHAT ARE THE CRITERIA FOR DRUG DEPENDENCY?

 Withdrawal symptoms  Compulsion

 Need to take drugs to overcome  Tolerance Relapse
withdrawal symptoms  Reduced social/occupational act

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 Civil Welfare Training Service 1 I Module 4: Substance Abuse Education I 5

HOW CAN YOU STAY AWAY FROM DRUGS?

 Devote yourself to your studies and other productive activities at home or in school
 Stay away from people, places and events that promote drug use
 Learn to manage feelings and cope with stress without using drugs
 Develop a strong moral and spiritual foundation
 Educate yourself about the effects of drug abuse
 Always say NO

WHAT ARE THE COUNTER-MEASURES FOR SUBSTANCE ABUSE?

CLASSIFICATION MANAGEMENT

Abstainer ------------------- Preventive Education

Experiment ----
Occasional User ---- Counselling
Regular User ----
Drug Dependent ------------------- Drug Rehabilitation
Mentally ill Chemeical Abuser
(substance Induced ------------------ Psychiatric Treatment
Psychosis
APPLICATION
1. Differentiate between Drug Dependency from
Addiction

2. What properties in drugs make them

addicting?

SELF-ASSESSMENT ACTIVITIES (SAA) SHEET

Activity
1. Drug Addiction and Abuse: Is it Disease or a Choice?
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
2. What can you do to help your friend who is addicted to drugs?
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
3. How can you tell if a person is on drugs?
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________

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 Civil Welfare Training Service 1 I Module 4: Substance Abuse Education I 6

_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
Analysis
1. Does marijuana use lead to the use of other drugs?
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
2. If you are addicted to drugs, what should you do?
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
3. Why do some people addicted, while other don’t?
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
4. Are all drugs addictive? What makes them addictive?
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
Application
1. Differentiate between Drug Dependency from Addiction
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
2. What properties in drugs make them addicting?
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________

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 Civil Welfare Training Service 1 I Module 4: Substance Abuse Education I 7

_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________

KEY POINTS

> Addiction is a chronic disease characterized by drug seeking and use that is compulsive, or
difficult to control, despite harmful consequence.
> Drug abuse exists when a person continually uses a drug other than its intended purpose. This
continued use can lead to drug dependence, a state of physical and psychological dependence or
both on a dangerous drug.

>Methamphetamine hydrochloride is found to have harmful effects to the brain. It changes

how the brain functions dual’s physical, mental or behavioral condition.
> Cannabis, also known as marijuana among other names, is a psychoactive drug from the
Cannabis plant used primarily for medical or recreational purposes.
> An alcoholic drink is a drink that contains the recreational drug ethanol, a type of alcohol
produced by fermentation of grains, fruits, or other sources of sugar. The consumption of alcohol
plays an important social role in many cultures.
> A dependant or dependent is a person who relies on another as a primary source of income.
For example, minors are dependants of their parents or legal guardians. A common-law spouse
who is financially supported by their partner may also be included in this definition.
> Shabu or syabu may refer to: Shabu, a slang term for the drug methamphetamine used in
Japan, Hong Kong, Philippines, Malaysia and Indonesia. Ya ba, also called shabú (Philippines),
pills with a mixture of methamphetamine and caffeine prevalent throughout Asia.

END OF MODULE ASSESSMENT

Now that you have finished the review of the various concepts outlined above, it is now time for an
assessment to see how far you improved. On every modules ‘End of Module Assessment’ (this part),
write your answer on separate sheet/S provided.(See separate sheets for the question.)

SELF-ASSESSMENT ACTIVITIES (SAA) ANSWER

> This is the state of physical and psychological dependence, or both, on a dangerous drug, or drugs,
experienced by a person following the use of that substance on a periodic or continuous basis. A person
dependent on drugs will experience withdrawal reactions (also known as “cold turkey”, symptoms that
occur after long-term use of a drug is reduced or stopped abruptly) after abstaining from drugs.

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 Civil Welfare Training Service 1 I Module 4: Substance Abuse Education I 8

> Drug addiction is a complex, and often chronic, brain disease. It is characterized by excessive drug
craving, seeking, and use. Addiction is caused by brain changes caused by constant drug use.

>.If you think your friend has a serious drug problem the most immediate things you can do is offer
him or her support. Talk to your friend and let them that you are concerned that you are there for them.
> .Each drug of abuse is unique and will act on the brain in a different way. However all drugs share a
something in common a chemical called dopamine. When a person uses a drugs their brain release
dopamine to produce the feeling of being high.
> Prescription drug abuse is the use of a prescription medication in a way not intended by the prescribing
doctor. Prescription drug abuse or problematic use includes everything from taking a friend's prescription
painkiller for your backache to snorting or injecting ground-up pills to get high.
> Addiction is defined as a chronic, relapsing disorder characterized by compulsive drug seeking,
continued use despite harmful consequences, and long-lasting changes in the brain.
> General signs of addiction are: lack of control, or inability to stay away from a substance or behavior.
decreased socialization, like abandoning commitments or ignoring relationships. ignoring risk factors,
like sharing needles despite potential consequences.

LOOKING AHEAD

Congratulations for making it till the end of this module! If you aced the assessment, I am happy for you.
If you have not reached your desired level of competence, just keep going! Remember that an
expert was once a beginner.
The next topic will deal on the Drug Education! Happy learning

SELF AND MODULE EVALUATION

This part requires the students to rate the quality of the module to help continuously improve the
development of this learning module. This also asks the students to rate their learning experience for each
of the modules.
ex.

Rate the module using the following:

1- Strongly disagree
2- Disagree
3- Agree
4- Strongly agree

The learning module: 1 2 3 4

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 Civil Welfare Training Service 1 I Module 4: Substance Abuse Education I 9

Please check appropriate column

was engaging
allowed for self-checking (SAAs)
developed in gradual, manageable steps
provided independent, self-paced learning
contained relevant information I needed

SELF-EVALUATION
Rate the extent of your learning in this module using the scale blow. Check the column
corresponding to your rating in the space provided. Do not hesitate to contact me if you need
further assistance.
4- I’m an expert. I understand and can teach a friend about it.
3-I’m a Practioner. I understand and can cite examples on the topics given.
2- I’m an apprentice. I understand if I get help or look at more examples.
1- I’m a novice. I do not understand the topic.

My learning: 1 2 3 4
I can now

(substitute your learning outcomes) Please check appropriate column

identify my level in the use of English language
1. Understand about the drug and drug use
2. Explain the most common abused drugs and their affects

REFERENCES
Andres, Tomas Quintin.: “And the PinoyManager said… „Bahalana!‟” Philippine Values Digest. Manila, Philippines:
Values and Technologies Management Centre, 1986.
Kartagi, Grietje.: “Introduction to Values.” Reflections on Values. Manila, Philippines: Rex Book Store, Inc., 2000.
Panopio, Isabel S.: Sociology: Focus on the Philippines. Quezon City, Philippines: KEN Incorporated, 1994.
Espiritu, Socorro C. et.al.: Sociology in the Philippine Setting Fifth Edition. Quezon City: SIBS Publishing House, Inc. 1998

WEBSITES: http://www.cls.binghamton.edu/BassSteid.html
http://www.shef.ac.uk/~iwp/publications
http://www.opsltd.com

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END OF MODULE ASSESSMENT (Answer Sheet)

(Please do not forget to provide information on this part)

Name_________________________________________________ Course @ Section________________

Module Number and

Title________________________________________________________________

Contact Number and email (If

Any)_________________________________________________________

Date Accomplished:_______________________

Now that you finished the review of the various concepts outlined above, it is now time for an assessment
to see how far you improved. Write your answer on the space provided for each question.
This quiz is to help you find out what you already know about drugs, the effects they can have on your
body, the laws about legal and illegal drugs, how you keep yourself and your mates safe in situations.

TEST I- Answer the following questions:

1. ___________________are chemicals that affect a person in such a way as to bring about physiological,
emotional, or behavioral change. ‘Dangerous drugs’ are those that have high tendency for abuse and
dependency, these substances may be organic or synthetic, and pose harm to those who use them.

2. ___________________This is the state of physical and psychological dependence, or both, on a

dangerous drug, or drugs, experienced by a person following the use of that substance on a periodic or
continuous basis.

3. _________________is found to have harmful effects to the brain. It changes how the brain functions.
Studies have shown that methamphetamine abusers have reduced motor skills and impaired verbal
learning as a result of alterations in the activity of the dopamine, a neurotransmitter involved in reward,
motivation, experience of pleasure and motor function.

4. ___________________ use impairs a person's ability to form new memories and to shift focus. Its
active component, tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) also disrupts coordination and balance, posture, and
reaction time (experience commonly referred to as “spacing out.

5. ___________________ abuse the drug on a regular basis approximately three (3) to four (4) times a
week or every other day.

TEST II - True or False

Write T if the statement is correct and F if the statement is false.

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 Civil Welfare Training Service 1 I Module 4: Substance Abuse Education I 11

1._______ The effects of inhalants are similar to that of alcohol, including slurred speech, lack of
coordination, euphoria and dizziness. Inhalant abusers may also experience light headedness,
hallucinations, and delusions.

2._______Drug education is a complex, and often chronic, brain disease. It is characterized by excessive
drug craving, seeking, and use. Addiction is caused by brain changes caused by constant drug use.

3.________Marijuana use has not been linked to several medical and social problem in adults and young
people.

4._______Peers are important factors in youth drug use and delinquency.

5._______Selling drugs isn’t as risky for young people as it is for adults.

TEST III – MULTIPLE CHOICE

Directions: Read each question and encircle your answer.

1. Dope, gunga and weed are all street or slang names for which drugs?
a) Cannabis b) Alcohol c) Cocaine d) Don’t know

2. Alcohol can cause some cancers in the body.

a) True b) Flase c) Don’t know

3. Smoking tobacco or cannabis using an implement (eg. bong, shisha or hookah) will not reduce the
damage to your lungs.
a)True b) False c) Don’t know

4. Alcohol only affects the brain and liver.

a) True b) false c) Dont know

5. If a young person under 18 years of age drinks alcohol they can affect the healthy development of their
brain.
a) True b) false c) Don’t know

6. If a woman drinks alcohol while she is pregnant or breastfeeding it can cause damage to the baby.
a) True b) False c) Don’t know

Drugs and the law

7. It is legal to drink alcohol under the age of 18.

a) True b) False c) Don’t know

8. Growing a couple of cannabis plants is legal in Western Australia.

a) True b) False n c) Don’t know

9. Which list includes all legal drugs?

a) Analgesics, cannabis and caffeine
b) Nicotine, cannabis and caffeine
c) Analgesics, nicotine, alcohol and caffeine
d) Don’t know

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 Civil Welfare Training Service 1 I Module 4: Substance Abuse Education I 12

10. A drug conviction may affect your future employment and travel goals.
a) True b) false c) Don’t know

11. L and P plate drivers and riders must have a Blood Alcohol Concentration of zero.
a) True b) False c) Don’t know

12. It is illegal to drink alcohol in public places park, beach, oval.

a) True b) Flase c) Don’t know

Helping yourself and your mates

13. If your mate has had too much to drink, should you:
a) Leave your mate alone to sleep it off
b) Stay with your mate and watch while he/she drinks some water and has something to eat
c) Encourage your mate to drive or walk home
d) Don’t know

14. Your mate has been using drugs and is on the ground unconscious. You want to call an ambulance. If
you do:
a) You will all be arrested by the police for using drugs
b) Your mate will be arrested by the police for using drugs
c) You will be able to get help for your mate from the ambulance officers and the police who are only
concerned about safety
d) Don’t know

15. The best thing to do if someone has a bad reaction to alcohol or a drug is to:
a) Watch them until it is out of their system
b) Call for help from an adult and/or an ambulance
c) Leave them alone
d) Hope they come right with time
e) Don’t know

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 Civil Welfare Training Service 1 I Module 4: Substance Abuse Education I 13

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