Republic of the Philippines

COMMISSION ON HIGHER EDUCATION

REGION V
Libon Community College
Libon, Albay

Name of Instructor: Dr. MARYJANE R. MENDOZA

Course and Year: BTVTED III

Module 15
I. Title of the Unit: Photo Editing
II. Introduction: Presentation of the Topic/Content

Welcome to the Module “Photo Editing”. This module contains training materials and
activities for you to complete.
The unit of competency “Photo Editing” contains knowledge, skills and attitudes required
for a Computer Hardware Servicing.

If you have questions, don’t hesitate to ask your teacher for assistance.

In this course, you will be introduced to different learning activities preparing you
to be skillful before you take the plunge into the world of work as a photo editor and to
feel more confident while providing support where needed.

This module is specifically crafted to focus on Process and Delivery enriched with
hands-on activities. Learning procedures are divided into different sections such as: What
to Know, What to Process, What to Reflect and Understand and What to Transfer.
Examine and perform the suggested tasks to practice developing a sustainable program,
prioritizing needs and building vision.

So, explore and experience this module and be a step closer to being a photo
editor.

III. Objectives
At the end of this module, you are expected to:

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 At the end of this module, you are expected to:
❖ apply the concepts and skills learned in photo editing
❖ produce a marketable product or service in photo editing
❖ appreciate the relevance of learning the basic concepts and skills of photo editing

Know

The Image Menu

Image Menu option is very important for photo editing in the Adobe Photoshop. It
is used for adjusting and modifying color mode, brightness, deepness etc. The details of
the image menu are discussed below.

1. Mode

The first item on the

Image menu is Mode. This is
what you use to change the
color mode and appearance on
the entire image. You have
some other choices here,
including grayscale and
duotone. Some modes’
availability depends on the pre-
existing color mode.

Fig. 11. The Image and Mode menus

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 2. Adjustment

You can see that the adjust

option on the Image menu gives you a
lot of different tools for adjusting your
image. The most basic types of
adjustments you can make with
Photoshop involve colors and
brightness.

The most simple is the

contrast/brightness adjustment. When
you select contrast/brightness, you are
Fig. 12. The Brightness/Contrast dialog
confronted with a dialog box with a slider
for both brightness and contrast. Moving the sliders to the left makes the picture murkier
or darker, and moving the sliders to the right brightens and increases the contrast
between the dark and light colors in the image. You can play around with both sliders until
you get a suitable mix; the change is previewed in the image. This tool is helpful for
brightening pictures that were taken in low light.

The other adjustments you can make with the options on the adjustments menu
are a little more complex, and the best way to learn about them is just to experiment.
Because Photoshop allows you to preview your adjustments, you can get a good feel for
the adjustments without hurting your image.

3. Image size

Another common basic feature of

Photoshop that lives on the Image menu is
image size. You use this function to resize
an image. When you select image size
from the Image menu, a dialog box appears
with some numbers corresponding to the
current size.

You will notice that there are two

sets of sizes, Pixel Dimensions and
Document Size. Pixel Dimensions refers to
the image's size on screen, and Document
Fig. 13. The Image Size dialog Size refers to the size at which the document will print.
You will observe that all the numbers change when you
change one of them. This default setting preserves the original height and width ratio of
your image when you make changes to its size. If you want to change only one dimension
of the image, uncheck the "constrain proportions" checkbox at the bottom of the dialog.

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 Notice that in the Documents size settings, you have the option to change the
resolution (remember, images will always be approximately 72 pixels/inch on screen).
You can use this to change the resolution of your image but, if you do not want the quality
to decrease, you should only go from hi-res to low-res.

4. Canvas Size

Canvas Size is similar to

Image Size, but changes to an
image's canvas size can provide
more working area for your image.
In case you want to annotate it,
copy more images into it, or
perform any number of other
graphic variations.

5. Crop Fig. 14. Canvas Size dialog

The Crop function in the image menu is fairly straightforward. Make a selection,
go to Image and select crop. Then, everything outside your selection disappears. The
image size reflects the change.

Process
Now that you are familiar with the image menu feature of Adobe Photoshop, your
photo editing skills is gradually increasing. However, doing it once or twice is not enough.
To master its features, open your computer, explore the image menu and learn more
about its functions.

For your next activity, open your output in Lesson 3 with the filename You Can Do
Magic.psd. Then, apply the following features of the image menu:

a. Mode
b. Adjustment
c. Image size
d. Canvass size
e. Crop

Save it with the filename Image Menu Output.psd.

Good luck!

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 Reflect and Understand

In as much that you are done learning the Image Menu feature of the Adobe
Photoshop, learn more about it by watching the video uploaded in the YouTube entitled
Photoshop Tutorial – Image Menu.

Directions: Open the URL given below. Download the video and save it in a CD or in your
flash disk. Watch the video and make a list of the learning you can gain from
it. Share it before the class for discussion.

www.youtube.com/watch?v=E8DmvSO-QL0

Transfer

You have learned much about image menu through classroom discussions,
demonstration and tutorial video presentations. The next activity will test your familiarity
with the tools and terms discussed. Take note that these are terms worth learning,
remembering and applying. You are now a few steps away for becoming a good photo
editor.

Directions: Choose the image menu being described in the following statements. Write
only the letter of the correct answer.

1. This is where you change the current document’s color mode and bit depth.
2. From here, you can change the colors and overall tonal quality of your image.
3. This option lets you change your image’s resolution and dimensions.
4. Choose this option to change your document’s dimensions without changing its file
size or resolution. Use this command if you need more space in your document but
do not want to resize the elements that are already there. This command saves the
area you have selected and deletes everything else, leaving you with an image that is
only as big as the selected area.

a. Crop
b. Mode
c. Image size
d. Adjust
e. Canvas size
f. Layer
g. Tools
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 Lesson 5

Know

Layer Management

The most difficult aspect of working in Photoshop is how to work in a document on

multiple layers. Creating multiple layers lets you easily control how your artwork is
displayed, edited and printed.

Layers Pane

The layers pane is one of the panes that is best to keep visible at all times. If you
do not see it when you open Photoshop, go to window> show layers and it will be restored.

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Layer Blending Mode Opacity

Layer Locking Option Fill

Layer Visibility

Layer Lock

Layer Style Delete Layer

Layer Mask Create a new set New Fill or Adjustment New Layer
Layer
Fig. 15. The Layers Pane

Adding New Layers Shop Reminder

A note on working with jpeg file copied

You can think of the layers as clear from other applications:
pages overlaying each other.
If you have pasted in a jpg image, you
The layers pane provides a good will notice that there is only one layer.
visualization of this concept because the If you open a jpeg image, this layer
will be called "background" and will
layers appear in the layers pane as they are have a lock icon demonstrating that it
organized in the document. To demonstrate is locked. In order to unlock it, double
this, add a new layer and type a little on it. click on the layer name in the layer
pane and change the name.
• Go to Layer> and Select New Layer. The layer is now unlocked.
Depending on how you plan to alter
Type a name for the layer in the dialog this image, it may be a good idea to
box that appears and click enter. leave this layer alone, and do your
• It should now appear in the layers pane work on other layers.
(but since it is currently empty, there will
be no sign of it in the image).
• Select the text tool from the tool bar, click and drag somewhere on the image (making
sure the new layer is still highlighted in blue).

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Selecting Layers

1. Select the Type tool and type a title

or Filename. On the top text layer,
click the eye icon.
2. Click on the paintbrush next to it.
3. Click on the name of the layer
below.
4. You see that the paintbrush now
shows on the new active layer.
5. Click on the empty paintbrush box
to lock and unlock layers to avoid
unwanted changes.
6. The squiggle means it is locked.
Fig. 16. The Layer Pane
Arranging Layers

Arranging layers can be done manually. To do it, follow these steps.

1. Click and drag your text layer underneath the original image layer. You will see
that the text no longer appears. That is because it is now located behind the
opaque image layer.
However, there is a quicker
and easier way.

2. Just click on the do

geared page icon at the
bottom of the layers
pane.
3. You can double click on
this layer's name to
change it.
4. If you want to delete a
layer, you can either drag
it to the trash icon at the
bottom of the layers pane
or select the layer and
click the trash icon.

Sometimes you want to Fig. 17. Merging Layers

combine the contents of two layers onto one layer. To do it, follow the following steps:

1. Select the layer you want to be on top of the new merged layer, make sure the
other layer you would like to merge is directly beneath it, and select Merge Down
from the Layer menu.

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 2. The two layers are now one. If you want to merge down an entire file of layers,
select "Flatten image" from the layers menu and then all layers will be squashed
into one.
3. When you merge or flatten layers that contain text layers, you will be asked
whether you would like to rasterize that text (that is, convert it to an image and lose
the ability to edit it). It is a good idea to copy any layer and hide them before you
rasterize and merge.
4. It saves you the work of completely recreating layers if you decide to change text.

Process
You are getting better as you go on studying this module. You have learned about
layering, but, there are still other actions that can be applied on layers. You can also make
use of the following:

A. Duplicate Layer

Open the image in Photoshop, and select the layer that you want to duplicate. Click
and hold the Photoshop layer and drag it to the bottom section of the layers palette on to
the new layer button.
Now you will have two versions of the same layer, you can rename the layers so
you know which is which, or just turn off the visibility of the safe layer as shown by clicking
on the eye symbol box and delete the layer that you do not want.

B. Rasterize and Flatten Layers

If you apply layer style effects to text or shapes and then rasterize the layer, only
the text or shape content is rasterized. The layer effects stay separate and editable.
Usually, this is a good thing, but if you then apply a filter, it only gets applied to the text or
shape and not the effects. To rasterize and flatten the entire layer contents, create a new,
empty layer below the layer with your effects and merge down (Ctrl+E on Windows).

C. Copy and Paste Layer Style

Copying and pasting styles is an easy way to apply the same effects on multiple
layers. From the Layers panel, click on the layer with the style you want to copy, Then,
go to Layer > Layer Style > Copy Layer Style. Select the destination layer from the panel,
choose Layer > Layer Style > Paste Layer Style. This will replace any existing styles on
the target layer. You can even copy a style from one document and paste it into another.

D. Clear/Remove Layer Style

There are two ways to remove a style from a layer using the Styles panel.

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 1. The first style in the Styles panel is named “Default Style (None).” Clicking on it will
remove all style effects from the current layer, whether they were presets or not.
2. The second way is by clicking on the Clear Style button at the bottom of the Styles
panel. Both of these methods have the same effect as dragging the layer's Effects
bar to the trashcan icon in the Layers panel.

Now, as you add layers to an image, it is helpful to give them names that reflect
their content. Descriptive names make layers easy to identify in the panel.

Activity. Renaming a Layer or Group

Directions: Below is a hands-on activity that you will perform in renaming a layer or a
group. Follow the given instruction in each task carefully.

• Double-click the layer name or group name in the Layers panel, and enter a new
name.
• Press Alt (Windows) and double-click the layer (not its name or thumbnail) in the
Layers panel. Enter a new name in the Name text box and click OK.
• Select a layer or group, and choose Layer Properties or Group Properties from
the Layers menu or the Layers panel menu. Enter a new name in the Name text
box and click OK.

Reflect and Understand

Directions: Read the following selection on layer management. Write your reflection on
it.

Understanding Layers

To visualize the layers concept, imagine the following: You have a color photo that
you wish to change. You place the photo on a tabletop to use as a work surface. One of
the changes you want is to darken the main subject's jacket with a black marker. However,
you do not want to darken the photo directly in case you do not like the results or change
your mind later. Therefore, you take a sheet of clear transparency and lay it on top of the
photo. With the marker you draw on the transparency to darken the jacket. Lifting the
transparency away leaves the unchanged photo.

In the above scenario, you created two layers. The photo was the first layer, and
the second layer was the transparency to which the changes were applied. In the same
manner you could have layered additional sheets of transparency to isolate various
changes onto unique layers; on the next layer you could have drawn a mustache, on the
one after that glued a bow tie, and so on.

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 Digital photo editing software uses the same concept of layers as described above,
except that it is done electronically. If you are still not clear on the concept of layers,
please keep reading. You may also conduct an interview with a photo editor on how they
do this.

Transfer

Have you mastered working on layers in Adobe Photoshop? Whether yes or no,
the fact remains that it is somewhat tedious and confusing. The best thing for you to do
is to work on it repetitively. Explore the layer panes until you master layer management
skills.

Activity. Exploring Layers

Direction: Explore the layer panes and perform the tasks given below.
PS Reminder
Select one or more layers. Then, explore and
work on them. For some activities, such as painting or If you don’t see the
making color and tonal adjustments, you can work on desired results when using
one layer at a time. A single selected layer is called a tool or applying a
the active layer. The name of the active layer appears command, you may not
in the title bar of the document window. have the correct layer
selected. Check the
For other activities, such as moving, aligning, Layers panel to make sure
transforming, or applying styles from the Styles panel, that you’re working on the
you can select and work on multiple layers at a time. correct layer.
You can select layers in the Layers panel or with the
Move tool.

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 Know

Working with Text

The tools that Photoshop provides for manipulating text are probably its most
straightforward features.

In the previous lesson, you had encountered this tool under the Photoshop toolbar.
This is the tool you need in working with text in your Photoshop document.

Just select the text/type tool, click and drag, and you are now ready to type
your desired text. Use the options bar to change the style of highlighted text.

Fig. 18. Text styles in the options

bar

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 When you engage the type tool, what you type automatically becomes its own layer
and is given what is typed as a layer name. This is a very helpful feature when dealing
with multiple text layers. Double click the T to easily edit the text.

If you want to merge a text layer with an image layer, the text layer must be
rasterized, or converted to an image first. Once this is done, you can no longer edit the
text. Unless you are using text in an illustration or altering letters, this may not even be
necessary.

The Type Tool

Whenever you want to add any sort of text to a document, use Photoshop’s Type
Tool which is found in the Tools panel along the left side of the screen. It is the icon that
looks like a capital letter T. You can also select the Type Tool by pressing the letter T on
your keyboard:

Fig. 19. Selecting the Type Tool from the

Tools Panel
With the Type Tool selected, your mouse cursor will change into what’s commonly
referred to as an "I-beam". It is enlarged a bit here to make it easier to see.

Fig. 20. The Type Tool’s I-beam Mouse

Cursor
Choosing a Font

As soon as you select the Type Tool, the Options Bar along the top of the screen
updates to show us options related to the Type Tool, including options for choosing a font,
a font style and the font size:

Fig. 21. From left to right – the font, font style and font size options

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 To view the complete list of fonts that are available to you, click on the small down-
pointing triangle to the right of the font selection box:

Fig. 22. Clicking the triangle to the right of the font selection box
This opens a list of all the fonts you can choose from. The exact fonts you will see
in your list will depend on which fonts are currently installed on your system.

Changing the Size of the Font Preview

If you are using Photoshop CS2 or higher, Photoshop lists not only the name of
each font but also a handy preview of what the font looks like (using the word “Sample”
to the right of the font’s name):

Fig. 23. List of all fonts installed on your computer

You can change the size of the font preview by going to Photoshop’s Preferences
settings. On a PC, go up to the Edit menu in the Menu Bar along the top of the screen,
choose Preferences, and then choose Type. On a Mac, go to the Photoshop menu,
choose Preferences, then, choose Type. This opens Photoshop’s Preferences dialog box
set to the Type options.

Fig. 24. Preview of the font beside the name

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 The last option in the list is Font Preview Size. By default, it is set to Medium. You
can click on the word “Medium” and choose a different size from the list. Extra Large size
is shown below:

Fig. 25. Font Preview Size Option

Click OK to close out of the Preferences dialog box, and if you go back up to the
Options Bar and bring up the list of fonts again, you see that the font previews now
appears much larger. The larger size makes the previews easier to see but they are also
taking up more space. Stick with the default Medium although it is completely up to you.
You can go back to the Preferences and change the preview size at any time.

Fig. 26. Larger font previews

Choosing a Font Style

Once you have chosen a font, choose the font style by clicking on the triangle to
the right of the Style selection box:

Fig. 27. Choosing a font style

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 Select the style you need (Regular, Bold, Italic, etc.) from the list that appears. The
style choices you’re given will depend on the font you have chosen since some fonts have
more styles available than others.

Fig. 28. Choosing a style for the font from the list

Setting the Font Size

Choose a size for your font by clicking on the triangle to the right of the Size
selection box:

Fig. 29. Setting the font size from preset choices

This will open a list of commonly-used preset sizes that you can choose from,
ranging from 6 pt up to 72 pt.

If none of these sizes suit your needs,

you can manually enter any value you want
into the Size box. Simply click and drag over
the existing size to highlight it, type in the new
size, then press Enter (Win) / Return (Mac) on
your keyboard to accept it. For example,
change the size to 120 pt (do not worry about
adding the "pt" at the end of the number
because Photoshop will automatically add it
when you press Enter / Return):
Fig. 30. Several preset font sizes

Fig. 31. Typing directly into the size box if none of the preset sizes
will do.
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Choosing the Text Color

The Options Bar is also where you choose a color for your text. A color swatch
appears near the far right of the options. By default, the color is set to black. To change
the color, click on the swatch:

Fig. 32. Click on the color swatch to change the color of the
text
Photoshop will pop open the
Color Picker where you can choose
a different color for the text. For
now, leave your set to black, so
simply click the Cancel button to
cancel out of the Color Picker. If you
do select a new text color, click OK
when you are done to close out of
the Color Picker:

Adding Type to the Document

There are two different types of type that

you can add to a document in Photoshop. You
can add point type (also known as character
type), and you can add area type (also known as
paragraph type). The difference between them is
that point type is mainly used for adding small
amounts of text to a document (a single letter or
word, a heading, etc.) while area type is used for
adding larger amounts of text inside a pre-
selected area. The one you are looking at here
is point type because it is the more
straightforward of the two and the one you will
use most often.
Fig. 34. Adding type to the
To add point type, simply click with the Photoshop document
Type Tool in the spot where you want your text
to begin. A blinking insertion marker will appear
letting you know that Photoshop is ready for you to start typing. However, as soon as you

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click, before you even begin typing, Photoshop will add a special kind of layer known as
a Type layer to your document, which you can see in the Layers panel. It is easy to spot
Type layers because they have a capital letter T in their thumbnail. Any time you add text
to a document, it is placed on a Type layer. Photoshop will initially give the new Type
layer a generic name like "Layer 1," but the name will actually change once you have
added your text.

Process

You can add text and shapes of different colors, styles and effects to an image.
Use the Horizontal Type and Vertical Type tools to create and edit text. You can create
single-line text or paragraph text, too. Adding text to your image makes it more attractive
and appealing.

Activity. Blazing Text

Directions: Below are the steps in adding text to an image. Perform the indicated steps
and explore. Save your output with the filename Adding Text.psd.

From the toolbar, select the Horizontal Type tool or the Vertical Type tool. Do one of
the following:

1. To create a single line of blazing text, click in the image to set an insertion point
for the type.
2. To create paragraph text, drag a rectangle to create a textbox for the type.
3. The small line through the “I” beam marks the position of the type baseline. For
horizontal type, the baseline marks the line on which the type rests; for vertical
type, the baseline marks the center axis of the type characters.
4. (Optional) Select type options, such as font, style, size and color in the Tool
Options bar.
5. Type the characters you want. If you did not create a textbox, press Enter to create
a new line.
6. The text appears in its own layer. To view the layers in the Expert mode, press
F11.

Commit the text layer by doing one of the following:

1. Click the Commit button.

2. Press the Enter key on the numeric keypad.
3. Click in the image outside the textbox.
4. Select a different tool in the toolbox.

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Reflect and
Understand
Learning about using the text tool in Adobe Photoshop is an
important part of the image editing process. Watch this video to learn more.

Video: Using the Text Tool in Photoshop | eHow.com

http://www.ehow.com/video_4442157_using-text-tool-photoshop.html#ixzz28mwdnNcJ

Transfer

The Disaster Risk Reduction Management Council (DRRMC) encourages us to

help them in their advocacy to prevent the occurrence of disasters. Your school is in full
support to this purposeful endeavor. As a student, you play a vital role in this. How could
you apply your photo editing skills to advocate this endeavor? Yes, do some advocacy
campaigns.

Activity. Advocacy Campaign

Direction: Perform the activity given below.

1. Create a new file in Photoshop.

2. Choose a photo about a disaster/hazard.
3. Insert a slogan to inform every one of your advocacy campaign.
4. Print it in a legal size bond paper.

The Department of Education (DepEd) likewise campaigns for various programs

and thrusts for your own advantage on Solid Waste Management (SWM) such as War on
Waste (WOW), SIGA (School in a Garden), and the like. Make an advocacy campaign
for this purpose. Follow these steps.
1. Form a group of five. Select your leader.
2. Brainstorm and assign each group to work on a program or thrust of your school
that you want everyone to be aware of and observed.
3. Create a legal sized poster of the program or thrust assigned to you by applying
your honed skills in photo editing.
4. Do group critiquing before printing the final poster.
5. Submit it to your teacher for rating and post it in conspicuous places in your
campus.

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 Lesson 7

Know
Image Editing

Images do not always come exactly as you wish to use them. You may need to
do some cropping, adjust their colors or luminosity (brightness), change their size
(resolution), or modify their content. You could also try GIMP, PhotoPlus, Paint.NET,
Corel PaintShop Photo Pro, or other image editors for personal computers. In fact, there
are many programs available, and one is sometimes included with the purchase of any
scanner or digital camera.

The directions provided here will apply to Photoshop Elements under Windows.
For other software, you will have to make some minor adjustments, but the basic functions
are the same. You should always think more about what you are trying to accomplish
than which button to press.

You will be producing final images in Joint Photographic Experts Group (JPG) or
Portable Network Graphics (PNG) format as these are best for compressed photos with
many colors and smooth transitions. Photoshop's own format Photoshop Document
(PSD) is the best for working copies to avoid losing quality over multiple saves, but PSD
files are quite large and do not work on the web. JPGs compress very well, but the
compression is "lossy" - some image quality is lost with each save - though at the highest
quality setting, very little is lost. You should not use compression until all of your editing
is done and your final version of the photo is ready. Then compress the final copy that will
go online. It is also a good idea to always work on a copy, so you can go back to your
original backup copy if something goes wrong.

Always use your image editor to adjust image size. Never adjust image size of a
large photo in your web page editor. Though it is possible to do this, it is very inefficient
and tends to result in poor image quality.

Cropping

You have learned how to crop images in the previous lessons. This time, you are
given another opportunity to enhance your learned skills.

1. Create a folder called "photos" or "Photoshop practice" or " project 1" in a place where
you will be sure to find it, possibly in your My Documents, or My Images folder, or on your
Desktop.

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2. Download the photo of the church, "ph-church.jpg" into your "photos" folder (right-click
on the image and save the image, taking care to navigate to the correct folder).

Fig. 35. Photo of the church

3. Open the image in Photoshop or other image editor.

4. Either look for your image from the Photoshop File/Open menu, or drag your image
onto the Photoshop icon, or into the program window.

5. Crop the image to get rid of the car, the pigeon and the empty sky. Then make the
final image smaller to fit your needs.

6. Once ph-church.jpg has been opened in your image editor, check to make sure that it
is being displayed at 100% of its full size so you know exactly what you are looking at
(Photoshop will sometimes initially display images at smaller resolutions to make them fit
on your screen).

Fig. 36. Showing that the photo is displayed at 100%

7. Look at the title bar of the ph-church.jpg window within Photoshop. It should say 100%
or 1:1. If not, you can use the Zoom tool to change the way the image is displayed.
8. Hold the Alt key down and click to reduce the image display size (zooming in and out).

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9. Click on the Marquee tool button to select a PS Reminder
rectangular area of the image. Tools like the Zoom tool or the Marquee tool
that we will soon be using, can be found in the
10. When an area of the image is selected, Tools Window that is probably visible on your
effects (in other words anything you do) will screen (if not, you can make it visible using the
Window menu).
apply only to that area. To select the area, look
at the image and imagine the rectangle within When the zoom tool is selected, clicking on the
it that you wish to save as your final image. image will increase its apparent display
size. This does not really change the actual or
11. Point your cursor at one corner of your real size of the image, just its appearance on
imagined rectangle. the screen.

Don't confuse zooming with changing the

12. Click and hold with the marquee tool on
actual image size.
that corner, then drag the cursor to the
opposite corner to select the area that you The key idea here is that unless you are at
100%, what you see is NOT what you get.
want.
Sometimes it is useful to zoom in or blow up an
13. When you are satisfied with the selection, image while working on it, but always make
choose the Image/Crop menu item to finish sure you are aware of the zoom setting to
cropping the photo. avoid surprises.

PS Reminder
For serious work in
Photoshop with no loss of
image quality during
complicated edits, or to save
photos with multiple layers
or masks or other special
Photoshop tools, you should
use Photoshop's native
format (PSD) for your
working copies (saving as
JPG only as the last step).
Fig. 37. Selecting the cropping menu
Another option that can help
14. Save your work, and remember to save it often. avoid loss of quality may be
to use JPG but at the highest
Resizing an Image quality setting for working
copies, then use more
compression for your final
1. Choose the menu item Image/Resize/Image Size to version.
reduce the size of the image.
PNG has also become a
2. Make sure that the constrain proportions box is checked popular image format for the
so the proportions of the photo will be respected (This is the web and can be used in
default setting). place of JPG.

Information and Communication Technology – PHOTO EDITING Page 22

3. If the current resolution of the photo is 72, you can reduce the width and height by half
(making the image 1/4 its current size or area) by changing the resolution to 36.

4. Change either the width or the height by a percentage or by specifying the target size
as a number of pixels.
PS Trivia
5. If you are not satisfied with the Using pixels instead of percent can allow you to make
results of the change and need to all of a group of images the same exact height or width,
modify the image size more than so they line up nicely on your web page, or so that they
once, use the Edit/Undo menu item to present a consistent impression of size as an element
of your web page style.
restore the original image before
making the new change. You may To alter the image size in this way in Photoshop
also use the History tab (or Undo Elements, you may need to check the resample
History) to undo multiple edits. image box if it is not already set.

To preserve image quality, avoid making repeated

6. Save your work and close the ph- changes.
church.jpg image, but not the
Photoshop program.

Cutting out pieces

1. Open the ph-diet.jpg image to cut a sign out for use in a new file.
Download and open the photo.

2. Click on the Lasso tool button to

select the outline of something in an
image.

3. Begin with the green sign that says

"cocolmeca para quemar la
grasa."

4. Point the lasso tool on one corner of the sign. Hold down
on the left mouse button while you drag along the sign
around the other three corners.
Fig. 38. The ph-diet.jpg
image

When doing careful work with small parts of images requiring good small muscle coordination,
it is far easier to first zoom in on the part of the image you are working with. The more you zoom in,
the easier it is to lasso just the piece that you want. You might try 400-500% zoom.

5. Point to the first corner again, but this time hold the ALT key down at all times. Click
on the corner and release the mouse clicker (however, keep holding down the ALT key).

Information and Communication Technology – PHOTO EDITING Page 23

6. Click the mouse pointer on the next corner, forming a
dotted line between the first point and the next point along
the edge of the sign. Click on the next corner, still holding
down the ALT key. You can continue clicking around the
edges until you get back to your first point.

When you release the ALT key, the sign will be selected. (You might also want to play with the
Magnetic Lasso tool or the Polygon Lasso tool. Double-clicking ends the selection process for these.)

7. To make a new image containing just the sign, first copy the selected image to the
clipboard: choose the menu item Edit/Copy or press Ctrl-C.

8. Next create a new image window by choosing the File/New menu

item. Select New Image from Clipboard.

9. You might want to straighten the sign using various options in the Image/Rotate menu.

10. Try saving your new image as GIF file

PS Trivia
(for simple images with few colors, the In some programs, you may first need to change the
GIF format sometimes makes smaller mode from RGB Color (with millions of possible
files than JPG). colors for each pixel) to Indexed Color (with no more
than 256 possible colors for each pixel) using the
Image/Mode menu item.
11. Finally, choose File/Save As change
the file type to GIF, and rename the file If your image has more than one layer, this will
before you save it. Some programs might flatten layers (as will the Layers / Flatten Layers
use a File/Export feature to do the same menu), leaving everything in just one layer. Layers
thing. can be very useful (for instance to paste the sign into
another picture).
Adjusting Exposure
In some programs that use layers, you might need to
flatten layers before changing the image mode.
Sometimes an image may be too
light or too dark for your needs. Ideally a The default options for an indexed color image
photo should make use of the entire (adaptive palette, 8 bits/pixel, diffusion dithering)
range of luminosity or brightness from are fine for now.
black to white.

This is also true in conventional photography.

If an area of a photo is too light or too dark, it means that part of the contrast range is
squeezed into too narrow a band. There are several ways to illustrate this and to modify
the way the image output will appear.

Try to lighten the sidewalk in the ph-door.jpg image on the next page.

Information and Communication Technology – PHOTO EDITING Page 24

 Fig. 39. The ph-door.jpg image

1. Save a local copy and load it into Photoshop.

2. Choose the menu item Enhance/Adjust Lighting/Levels in Photoshop Elements to work

with the histogram for the image.

A histogram is a
graphical representation of the
distribution of colors by order of
brightness from black to
white. The dark part of the
image is mostly in the leftmost
peak on the graph.

The input levels are the

values that will be displayed as
black (0 - the black triangle),
white (255 - the white triangle),
and the midpoint between them
(1.00 - the gray triangle).
Fig. 40. Options on brightening and darkening images
3. To change these values, slide the
triangles by dragging them with the
mouse.

Grab the black triangle and

slide it to the right, lining it up with the
beginning of the leftmost peak,
changing the input level from 0 to 16.

the distribution of colors

Information and Communication Technology – PHOTO EDITING Page 25

 Notice that this makes the dark section look worse; you actually want to stretch out
the colors in that range instead of compressing them, so move it back to the edge (back
to 0).

4. Next, try moving the white triangle to the left

just a bit to lighten up the highlights (moving it
too far creates a washed out effect).

5. Grab the gray triangle and slide it to the left

until the midpoint input level more evenly
balances the light and dark areas.

6. Save the image with a new name (ph-

door1.jpg).
Fig. 42. Lightened image of figure 39
Using the Magic Wand

You will make your selection using the Magic Wand tool instead.

1. Click on the magic wand and look for the Tolerance option at the top of the window.

2. Set the tolerance to around 32 or 40. Why 32? Because the tolerance adjusts the
sensitivity of the selection. This is something that you may have to experiment with for
each different magic wand selection, depending on the area of the image that you are
selecting.

3. Modify the size of the selection using Alt to subtract an area from the selection or Shift
to add an area to the selection.

4. Use the menu item Enhance/Adjust Lighting/Levels or even Enhance/Auto Levels or

Auto Smart Fix to make adjustments only to the selected area.

5. Save your work under a new name.

Many other adjustments found under Image, Filter, and Enhance can be quite
useful.

• If your manipulations make an image that begins to appear faded, you can
enhance the Contrast.

• If the colors are washed out, you can enhance the Saturation. If the colors look
odd, the Auto Color Correction function might help.

• Explore the adjustment options and, if you do not like your changes, use Undo.

Information and Communication Technology – PHOTO EDITING Page 26

Cloning

Sometimes there are things in a photo that you wish were not there. The ads in
the picture below attract attention away from the two women who are the real subject.

You can edit a photo in many

ways. Simply erasing the ads would
look odd because it leaves a solid,
unnatural color. To make it look
natural, you will change the image by
cloning from other parts of the photo
using the Clone or Rubber Stamp
tool. Cloning in photographs is
not illegal. There are several steps to
using this tool. First decide what you
want to remove or create and which
part of the image you can copy over
the part you do not want. In this case
you will take the white part of the wall
as your point of origin to cover the
ads.

1. Use the Zoom tool to zoom in on the area where you will be working. If it looks ok up
close, it will look great when you zoom out.
2. Select the Clone or Rubber Stamp tool.
3. Point to a white area that you want to clone, hold the ALT key and click once. This sets
the origin from which you will duplicate.

Look at the clone brushes. Pick one that is not too big nor too little, preferably a
"fuzzy" brush where you wish to avoid sharp lines. Make sure that the Rubber Stamp
Opacity Options are set to 100% so the new image will completely hide the old image.

Now slowly cover the ads with white from the wall. You will have to reset the point
of origin several times as you do this to cover a large enough area. As you move your
brush, the origin point moves as well. Avoid covering over anything that you do not have
to. The more original material you leave, the better the finished product will look. Think
about shadows - is there really just one white? The farther the point of origin is from the
cloning area, the harder it will be to see repeated patterns. (That is the psychology of
perception.)

4. If you make mistakes, use the Edit/Undo menu item to undo them or use your History
window.

You might even get fancy and try to copy the brick wall, but watch out for those
lines and the perspective. To match up lines, you can use the preview feature.

Information and Communication Technology – PHOTO EDITING Page 27

 Fig. 44. Cloned image

5. Click the double rectangle icon to check the Show Overlay box to preview the image
to be cloned.

You might also try the Clipped feature to see the preview only in the brush area or
the Auto Hide feature for a cleaner view while you are cloning.

Fig. 45. Show overlay, clipped and auto hide buttons

If you end up with any bad

looking transitions between old and
new material, the smudge tool can
help you smooth over the problem
area.

6. Do not forget to save your work. Fig. 46. The smudge tool

Putting it all together

Can you use all of the techniques

to fix this image?
Crop it to get rid of the boy in the
red pants on the left, the elbow on the
right, and some of the ground in front.
Put the woman wearing a purple
dress in a new image by herself. Select,
copy, File/New, paste.

Information and Communication Technology – PHOTO EDITING Page 28

 Use the rubber stamp to remove the little boy in the shadows to the right, the
woman in purple dress, and the shadow on the ground in front of the children.

Finally, adjust the exposure as you see fit.

Set Photoshop Print Options and Print

1. Choose File > Print

A. Preview print
B. Set printer and print job options
C. Set paper orientation
D. Position and scale image
E. Specify prepress output options
F. Specify color management and proofing options

Fig. 47. The Print tool box

2. Select the printer, number of copies and paper orientation.

3. Adjust the position and scale of the image in relation to the selected paper size and
orientation.

4. Set Color Management and Output options, which you access from the pop-up menu
in the upper-right corner.

Do one of the following:

• To print the image, click Print.

• To close the dialog box without saving the options, click Cancel.

Information and Communication Technology – PHOTO EDITING Page 29

 • To preserve the options and close the dialog box, then click Done.

Note
Set Printer Options If you get a warning that your
image is larger than the printable area
1. In the Print dialog box, click Print of the paper, click Cancel, choose
Settings. File > Print, and select the Scale to Fit
Media box. To make changes to your
2. Set paper size, source and page paper size and layout, click Print
orientation as desired. Settings, and attempt to print the file
again.
The available options depend on your
printer, printer drivers and operating system.

PS Reminder

The more you know about Photoshop, the more you improve? However, it is a big
and complex program, so do not try to learn too much too quickly. Play around
with various tools. Use web searches to find tutorials about how other people have
done what you are trying to do. Change colors, remove red-eye, get rid of that
tourist who walked into your photo just as you snapped the picture. So, just keep
on exploring and never stop practicing your skills.

Process

Did you enjoy editing and printing pictures?

Work on each task given below:

• access to a computer with Adobe Photoshop

• open a photo in Photoshop
• do simple photo-editing tasks (cropping, resizing, rotating)

Get arty

You have decided to enter an artistic photo competition. Choose a photo and get
creative with some of the Photoshop tools and see what you can come up with. The more
creative the better!

Information and Communication Technology – PHOTO EDITING Page 30

Crazy Crosslinks

Set up a Photoshop document 5” x 7” or 7” x 5” with a resolution of 72 dpi, RGB.

Save your image with “your name Integrate 1” into your own work folder. Selections will
be made from multiple images and put into this file. Canvas size can be enlarged or
cropped to meet the needs of the image.

Students will create a hybrid image using a wide variety of selection tools and layer
management skills. Write down the steps of activities completed.

Combine the Images

Bring two photos together in a single file. You can do this in two ways, so be sure
to demonstrate both options:

• Use the selection tools to select an area of one photo, including the person, then
cut and paste it into the other file. Be sure to show both the free-form and the
rectangular selection tools.
• Use the cloning tool to copy an area of one photo, pixel by pixel, into the other.

Create a Scrapbook

• Open Photoshop and create a letter size document with CMYK color.
• Study the layers in the document.
• Place a picture into the document and study the layers again.
• Resize, rotate, warp, and move the picture.
• Place picture from the Filter Pictures Folder onto the scrapbook page.
• Select a layer to make edits to the picture.
• Adjust a layer to make stacking order.
• Add text to the scrapbook page.
• Use the tools on the Option Bar to format the orientation, font, size, alignment,
color and shape.
• Resize, rotate, and move text.
• Save the document in a Scrapbook folder as Page 1.

Reflect and Understand

Want to learn more and enhance your photo editing skills like a professional
one? Then download and watch Adobe Photoshop tutorial videos in the Internet.

Information and Communication Technology – PHOTO EDITING Page 31

 Watch this video (Photoshop Tutorial Professional Edit)
(http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j9xjYx_Nh9s)

After watching the video, answer the following questions:

1. What is the most common photo editing tool used?

2. What are the concepts being applied during the editing process?
3. What are the advantages and disadvantages of editing pictures/images?

Play the video again to check your answers.

Activity. Graphic Designer worth Imitating

Direction: Interview or conduct research on professionals who use photo editing software
in their work.

Ask the following questions:

1. How important is photo/image editing in your work?

2. How did you become a good photo editor?
3. What do you think are the Personal Entrepreneurial Characteristics (PECs) you
possess?
4. What photo editing applications are you using and why?
5. Is Graphic and Design business worth venturing into?
6. What tips can you give me and other aspiring graphic designers out there so you
could also be successful in this business?

Make a journal about your interview or research.

Transfer

Well, after learning the basics of photo editing using Adobe Photoshop, it is now
time for you to showcase your learning.

Information and Communication Technology – PHOTO EDITING Page 32

 Show your Photo
Editing skills!!!

Create a banner or tarpaulin about Mother Nature using photo editing tools. Be
creative!

The banner shall have the following technical specifications: 300 DPI, 8X13 inches,
Orientation: Portrait.

Submit in soft and hard copy.

Apply the Principles of Design so that you can have the best banner.
• Balance
• Proportion
• Rhythm
• Emphasis
• Unity

Assessment Criteria

Creativity - 30%
Use of photo editing tools - 50%
Harmony and balance - 10%
Relevance to the theme - 10%
TOTAL 100%

Information and Communication Technology – PHOTO EDITING Page 33

 Summary

This module enables you to learn the process and delivery involved in
photo editing. Moreover, you were able to learn the basic features of Adobe Photoshop
as one of the most commonly used photo editing application software.

Now that you have learned the basic concepts, skills, techniques and ethical
standards of photo editing, you are now equipped with a wealth of information. Your new
learning will consequently help you become a good photo editor in your community which
you might capitalize on later as a source of income. Moreover, you are now capable of
enhancing your own photos and creating a compilation of posters that support different
government thrusts and advocacies on environmental awareness. In addition, you can
now create a banner or tarpaulin promoting your school’s programs, projects, and
achievements.

You Filipinos love to take pleasure in capturing memories through photographs.

Now, we need not fear that good moments will be ruined or faded through the years.
Photo editing services will surely save the day.

Whether you are photo editing for business, or just for fun, there is a bright future
ahead of you.

Information and Communication Technology – PHOTO EDITING Page 34

Glossary
acetate A transparent sheet that you write or print something on.

aperture The small hole at the front of a camera, which can be made larger or smaller
to let more or less light in when you take a photograph.

attributes Characteristics of a person, thing, or group.

career path Understanding what knowledge, skills, personal characteristics and

experience are required for a person to progress.

choppy Rough, coarse, or irregular.

color depth Referred to as bits per pixel (bpp).

entrepreneur A person who organizes and operates a business or businesses taking on

financial risk to do so.

entrepreneurship Starting a new business.

environmental scanning A process of gathering, analyzing and dispensing information for

tactical or strategic purposes.

fish eye Wide angle.

futuristic Advanced, progressive, and forward thinking.

fuzzy Indistinct; unclear, or distorted

histogram Statistical graphical representation showing the relative numbers of a variable

or part of a range of variables e.g. population of pixels with a certain value. The taller the
column at a certain value the more pixels have that value, the width of the column
representing the range of values being counted. Usually arranged so the left is the
shadow end (low light) and highlight is to the right.

.jpeg A file format which means Joint Photographic Experts Group.

lossy A form of image compression when saving the image that discards data from it.

murky Gloomy or dark.

myriad Indefinite number; innumerable.

Information and Communication Technology – PHOTO EDITING Page 35

photo editing Changing or improving graphic images. It typically refers to bitmapped
images rather than vector graphic drawings. Using an image editor, images can be
modified by an artist using pen, brush, airbrush, and other "painting" tools. Filters can be
applied, which are algorithms that automatically change the appearance to a selected
area of the image.

photo editor An image editing application that is specialized for managing photos from
digital cameras. It is used to crop and touch up photos, as well as organize them into
albums and slide shows. It also refers to somebody who edits photos.

pixels Any of a number of very small picture elements that make up a picture.

.png A file format and shortcut for Portable Network Graphics.

.psd Shortcut for Photoshop document. A .psd file is the file format in which Photoshop
saves documents by default.

raster image A form of graphics in which closely spaced rows of dots form an image on
a computer screen.

resolution The number of pixels that form an image or a photograph.

rectilinear Relating to a straight line or lines.

silhouetting Projecting on a screen.

skewed Turned or placed at an angle.

tactical Actions carefully planned to gain immediate end.

vector image An image that is composed of individual elements e.g. arc, line, polygon,
that have their own attributes.

Information and Communication Technology – PHOTO EDITING Page 36

Reflection:

Write an informal 100-word reflection focusing on what you learned and a 25-word reflection
on each visited Web site. Do not summarize the chapter, instead discuss new ideas and
significant insights and how the information can be used to support classroom integration of
information and communication technology (ICT). Also reflect on your personal reaction to
reading the chapter and the supplemental information provided with this module.
Rubrics:

Depth of reflection 25%

Clarity 25%
Argument (Depth of Analysis) 25%
Accuracy 25%
Total 100%
________________________________________________________________________________

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________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________.

Information and Communication Technology – PHOTO EDITING Page 37

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Adobe Photoshop Elements Techniques

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http://www.psyag.com/photoshop-basic/creating-a-new-document-in-photoshop/

http://www.photoshopbrushes.com/tutorials/duplicating-layers.htm

http://simplephotoshop.com/elementsplus/en_US/rasterize-layer.htm

http://graphicssoft.about.com/cs/photoshop/qt/flatlayereffect.htm

http://lanoie.com/classes/Photoshop/Layers/lectures/lecture7.html

The Importance of Professional Photo Editing Services

http://www.sooperarticles.com/art-entertainment-articles/photography-
articles/importance-professional-photo-editing-services-884472.html#ixzz28fyXbH7l

Video: Using the Text Tool in Photoshop | eHow.com

http://www.ehow.com/video_4442157_using-text-tool-photoshop.html#ixzz28mwdnNcJ

Information and Communication Technology – PHOTO EDITING Page 40

 RUBRIC for BANNER

CRITERIA PERFORMANCE INDICATOR

A. CREATIVITY
(30%)

30 24 18 12
• All of the objects • Four (4) to five (5) of • 50% of the objects were • 25% or less of the
Ingenuity/ were used to the objects were used used to form/signify objects were used to
Innovation form/signify meaning to form/signify meaning meaning or individuality. form/signify meaning
(30%) or individuality. or individuality. or individuality.
B. USE OF
PHOTO
EDITING
TOOLS
(50%)

50 40 30 20
Utilization of • All tools and • Four (4) to five (5) tools • Two (2) to three (3) tools • Only one (1) tool and
Tools and features were and features were and features were applied feature was applied
Features (50%) applied in the applied in the in the development of in the development of
development of development of design design design
design

Information and Communication Technology – PHOTO EDITING Page 41

 10 8 6 4
• All of the objects and • Four (4) to five (5) of • Two (2) to three (3) of the • Only one (1) of the
C. HARMONY choice of color were the objects and choice objects and choice of objects and one (1)
AND based in the of color were based in color were based in the choice of color was
BALANCE elements and the elements and elements and principles
based in the
principles of design. principles of design. of design.
(10%) elements and
principles of design.

10 8 6 4
D. RELEVANCE • The design clearly • The design reflected • The design reflected • No relevance to its
TO THE reflected the some major key points minor key points to its purpose.
PURPOSE concept/purpose. of the theme. purpose.
(10%)

Total : 100%

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