0% found this document useful (0 votes)
341 views30 pages

Answer Module 1 Sctaboso Prof - Ed. Bec1 Supplemental

Uploaded by

sherlyn taboso
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
0% found this document useful (0 votes)
341 views30 pages

Answer Module 1 Sctaboso Prof - Ed. Bec1 Supplemental

Uploaded by

sherlyn taboso
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 30

NAME OF STUDENT : SHERLYN C.

TABOSO
YEAR & SECTION : SUPPLEMENTAL -1ST YEAR
SUBJECT :BUILDING & ENHANNG NEW LITERACIES ACROSS THE CURRICULUM
INSTRUCTOR :DR. VILMA P. GAYRAMA

ANSWERS
II. Course Pre- Assessment
Directions: Read the statements carefully and answer the questions that
follow.
1. How is 21st century learning different from learning in the 20th century?

➢ The 20th Century Education is teacher-centered with a fragmented curriculum and students working in
isolation memorizing facts. On the other hand, 21st Century Education is student-centered with real-
life, relevant, collaborative project-based learning.

2. What are your views of literacy in the 21st century?

➢ To be literate in the 21st century, a person must be willing to constantly learn about and adapt to many different
areas of life, subjects, and environments. The definition of literacy has truly evolved. It is no longer accurate to
say that being able to read and write defines an individual as being literate. Instead, it is more accurate to look
at the bigger picture. Competency and experience in different environments will allow people to become
considered literate in today’s standards. It is important for teachers to educate their students on the new
definition of the word literate and “to try new things, and work with students to find where learning is most
comfortable for them to succeed”. Literacy is an ever-changing concept which people must dedicate themselves
to understanding in order to become literate in the 21st century.

3. How will a 21st century learning approach help solve global problems?

➢ In today’s world of artificial intelligence, robotics and the Fourth Industrial Revolution, you have to prepare
people for uncertainty and promote agility and adaptability.

This requires a reorientation all the way from early childhood education to primary school to university
education. It means encouraging flexibility rather than specialization. It requires training and retraining
teachers, as well as redesigning education systems and curricula.

We need to completely reimagine education. Instead of learning to memorize facts and figures, students
need to “learn how to learn” and how to solve problems. And they should be allowed to learn independently.
Changes are needed at every level. You have to infuse things like entrepreneurship into the curriculum
because with the disruption that’s going on, many people are going to have to create their own jobs.

We may end up in a world in which people are more likely to be autonomous contractors than to have a
secure job lasting for a lifetime.
LESSON 1 What is 21st Century Learning?

Pre-activity
Present the possible scenario (it can be in a form of illustration) what the world will be like twenty or many years from
now when your child has left school and has not learned all the skills he/she might have learned, if she had attended
only formal education. What skill will your child need to be successful in this world you have imagined 20 years from
now?

Without formal Education

With formal Education

1. Revisit the historical role education has played on society’s evolving stage. How will the world be
like 20 years from now?
➢ 20 years from now, world will be technologically dependent. And it will affect the lives of the people in a good
way or bad way.In a good way, since it is already technologically based, the lives of the people also will ease.
In terms of workforce, 20 years from now, Maybe, As robots, automation and artificial intelligence perform more
tasks , People also will just serve as the guide in operating the said things. And also, people will need to be
skilled enough so that they can compete in the world of employment. Aside from that, it is expected that the
people also will not depend on job seeking but they will be making a job for themselves through engaging in
entrepreneurial activities.

As what Richard Riley, Secretary of Education under Clinton quoted, “We are currently preparing students for
jobs that don’t yet exist…using technologies that haven’t yet been invented…in order to solve problems we
don’t even know are problems yet.”

2. Trace the historical role of education in society using the sequencing flow
Map
3. Explore the world of work students will be graduating into and the prospects for future jobs and
careers in the 21st century. What skills will your child need in order to be competitive in the
profession he will choose to have in the future?

➢ It is not just the skills and talent that your child must have. Digital literacy and computational thinking and
Cognitive flexibility must be built in for you to be competent in the future.

As the world continues to rely on highly technical and continuously evolving technologies, the need for those
with the digital skills to match also increases. You’ve most definitely heard of STEM, but have you heard of
SMAC (social, mobile, analytics and cloud)? Although it may seem like we’re being bombarded with digital
buzzwords, being digitally literate offers capabilities beyond what was once thought possible when it comes
to emerging technologies, such as artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning, Internet of Things (IoT), and
data science. Another is Cognitive flexibility,The rise of digital technologies means you’re going to need to
be able to handle the plethora of opportunities and challenges that come with it. Do you have the ability to
adapt to change and conceptualize complex multiple ideas all at once? If so, you’re showing qualities that
reside in advanced multi-taskers and which are highly valued by employers and recruiters.

Analysis
1. What is the function of education in the 21st Century? How does learning take responsibility
throughout life?

➢ The role of educators in the 21st century should be helping every student learn how to learn. It's inspiring
creativity, encouraging collaboration, expecting and rewarding critical thinking, and teaching children not only
how to communicate, but also the power of effective communication.

2. Why is education so important ? why every country in the world has implemented some sort of
formal education system? Why has United Nations declared it as the fundamental right of all
children?

➢ It is because, Education enables upward socioeconomic mobility and is a key to escaping poverty.

Why Is Education So Important in Life?

Education is important in any society. Parents, teachers and even political leaders encourage education in our society.
Many people do not understand why there is so much emphasis on it. This is why some people do not put in as much
effort into it as necessary. You, on the other hand, should not follow the same path. You should understand benefits of
education aside from getting a job and earning a salary. This knowledge will help you to develop an attitude that is
conducive to learning. You will enjoy the true benefits of education. Here are a number of reasons why education is so
important.
Exposure to a New World

You should not live in a cocoon of what you already know. People in the past only knew their neighborhoods. This is
quite unfortunate because an entire world exists beyond the limits of our neighborhoods. You cannot hear or learn of
this world without education because education exposes you to different cultures. It helps you understand and
appreciate the connectivity of our global environment. It opens your eyes to science, ideology and human passion. You
will learn about great scientists, ordinary men and remarkable philosophies. Pursue an education with determination
and persistence. Expose yourself to a completely new world.

Fun and Adventure

People view formal education in a negative light. This is schooling where people only look at voluminous books, boring
teachers and hard exams. Education is actually fun and adventurous. You learn about new things, meet new people
and pursue new interests. It gives you a chance to interact with people other than your neighbors and family members.
It also provides an escape for those who suffer from stressful situations at home. You should adopt a positive attitude
towards education. This attitude will help you see the fun in education. Adopt it today.

Build a Network

You need friends who care about you. Finding good friends is not easy. It takes time, patience and perseverance.
Experience is usually the best way of finding good friends. Education allows you to gain this experience by interacting
with people within formal and informal settings. You know people better through these experiences. This helps you to
choose a close group of good friends. This group will then become your network within society’s entangled web of
networks. You can call upon this network in times of trouble. You will find it hard to build a network of friends and
colleagues without education. This means that you should pursue education as much as you can.

Develop Skills in Life

You will apply what you learn in the classroom beyond the confines of the school or office. Education applies in
economic, social and political circles. For example, education defines how you argue in both formal and informal
arguments. You learn to articulate yourself properly before a few people and before a huge crowd through education.
Education also teaches you how to conduct proper research on any given matter. Your thought process will be rational.
You will systematically analyze global phenomena and then develop realistic conclusions. Finally, education will teach
you to set realistic goals through this rational thought process.
Application
1. Make a “Creative Leap” poster bridging 21st century skills gap.

SKILLS, LITERACIES,
DIGITAL LITERACIES,
Cognitive flexibility

21ST
CENTURY
EDUCATORS

21TH CENTURY OF EDUCATION


20TH CENTURY OF EDUCATION
LESSON 2 The Perfect Learning Storm: Four Converging Force
Trilling, Bernie & Fadel, Charles, 2009
Activity 2.1
Directions: Read the selection below and answer the questions that follow.

1. Anita, Peter, Lee…three generations working, learning, and living in ways


that reflect their time. What are the societal forces that make Lee’s world
so different from that of his father or his grandmother?
➢ In Lee’s world, he is not just equipped with skills and talent, he was also digitally knowledgeable and at the
same time his innovation does not only focus on the product but also to the impact in the environment. In
which it is needed nowadays. Aside from that, he can work and connect to the world because of technology
specifically the internet that allows him to connect with his team.
2. How are these changing forces reshaping our learning, work, and life in
the 21st century?
Rapid changes to the learnings, economy, jobs, and businesses over the last several decades have reshaped the
21st Century World of Work. These changes have impacted the nature of work, the nature of jobs, the nature of our
careers and the nature of the competencies required to succeed in the modern workplace.
3. The 21st century has already brought historic changes to the world of work.
What does knowledge age requires? How is knowledge work achieved today?

• The Aging workforce impacts the nature of careers and learning

Continued advancement in medical services will accommodate an aging population to remain healthy and
economically active for longer. Organisations will take advantage of this well-experienced workforce by enabling
flexible and diverse employment opportunities that combats the old paradigm of compulsory career termination at
retirement age (typically 65). The nature of careers will change from linear career paths to career webs and lifelong
learning will become a necessity for everyone.

• Smart machines replace routine jobs

The World Economic Forum reports that the 4th Industrial Revolution will between 2015 and 2020 result in a drastic
decline in routine, repetitive jobs due to automation – 7.1 million job losses worldwide (of which 60% will be in
administration). At the same time, 2 million new job positions will be created in the fields of mathematics, computer
science, architecture and engineering. Economists Frank Levy and Richard Mundane report that the jobs least likely
to be automated or outsourced are those that require expert thinking and complex communication. In the real world
employers want people who can “think” and who can solve problems. Learning and education therefore needs to
keep abreast of the evolving requirement to develop these competencies for the 21st Century workplace.

• Data management skills are essential

Technological advancement has created a computational world where every object, every interaction and everything
we come into contact on a daily basis will be converted into data. As a result, our ability to interact with, understand
and interpret data, see patterns and make value-adding sense of the available information will become a key
requirement for everyday life and work in the modern workplace.

• The new media ecology requires a new language to be learned

New multimedia technologies are bringing about a transformation in the way we communicate. Organisations will
need to tap into this new ecosystem where millions of users exert enormous influence on culture and public opinion.
At the same time new demands become prevalent for the development of competencies regarding online personal
reputation and identity management.

• Traditional organisational structures collapse

New technologies and social media platforms enable traditional organisational boundaries to be eliminated as
collaboration across teams, organisations and countries become possible. The availability of pooled resources, value
adding information and technological tools enable endless opportunities for collaboration at an extreme scale to
jointly address real-world problems. Examples include open source education platforms increasingly making content
available to anyone who wants to learn, resulting in a new training paradigm.
• Global interconnectivity requires global citizenship

Operating in a globally connected world requires everyone to become global citizens. Understanding your market,
your customers, their needs, their requirements and the intricacies of their workforce culture is a key requirement for
remaining competitive in the 21st Century World of Work.

So how will the future changes in the world of work affect jobs, careers and competencies? What are the jobs of the
future? Which careers will offer the best potential for secure employment? Although we may not know exactly which
jobs will come on stream in the future, we have a good idea of which skills will serve people best in the 21st Century.

Developing Critical and Analytical thinking, Collaboration, Communication, Problem Solving, Resilience and
Professionalism should enable a good foundation towards future career development. And the good news is … we
know these skills can be learned.

4. Cite some emergent concern of business leaders today.


➢ Here are some of the top challenges facing business executives today and some tips to help leaders meet those
demands head-on:

1. The need for wider-ranging knowledge

Not too long ago, many company executives operated in silos: They were the experts in their division, but
they didn’t often get involved in the work of other departments. Today, however, leaders must take a broader
organizational view. For example, many CFOs have seen their responsibilities extend beyond finance into
human resources, information technology, and operations.

Fostering strong relationships with coworkers outside your department can be invaluable when it comes to
learning about other areas of the firm; successful leaders make sure they participate in interdepartmental
committees and projects. Holding high-level management positions in professional organizations can also
help executives get a broader perspective of typical organizational structures and procedures.

2. The demand for skilled talent

Because in-demand professionals have more opportunities today, it’s harder to recruit and retain top
performers. In addition, managers frequently must oversee staff in several locations, which makes it even
more challenging to motivate employees.

This is where successful leaders tap into their strong communication skills, clearly explaining to each
employee his or her career path and role in the company’s mission, then supporting employees as they build
their leadership skills and prepare for greater responsibilities. Savvy leaders also seek feedback on their
communication style from mentors, fellow managers, and even staff, and follow through on the best
suggestions.

3. Information overload

Managers now have access to extensive databases filled with information that can greatly enhance their
decision-making, but the amount of data they’re presented with on a daily basis can be overwhelming. The
strongest leaders know how to extract the most valuable information and transform it into strategic guidance
— and how to bring in highly skilled business analysts who can help them do so.

4. Change — and more change

Once, in the not-so-distant past, firms understood at least the basics of their competitors’ business models,
because most companies operated in a similar way. Today, however, firms are introducing new business
models all the time. What’s more, technology seems to be changing every minute.

That’s why it’s crucial for managers to stay on top of industry trends and remain open and adaptable to change.
Successful leaders regularly read the top industry blogs, subscribe to newsletters, follow industry leaders on
Twitter, and join relevant groups on LinkedIn. Keeping up to date with technology trends can require training;
it’s a good idea for executives to take external courses and participate in in-house professional development
programs.

Simply put, it’s clear that today’s business environment is constantly evolving, and executives face new
pressures every day. To help their firms remain competitive, managers need to invest time and effort into
improving and refining their leadership skills.

But one thing remains consistent: Leaders can’t achieve their goals without building a talented, engaged team.
As McDonald says: “Successful executives engage their employees, help them build their leadership skills,
and work to grow the business together.”

Activity 2.2
Directions: Draw innovations/inventions that have come into common use
since 1975.
1. What are the advantages and drawbacks of thinking and knowledge tools?
the digital tools?

Advantages of Thinking & Knowledge Tool:


Critical thinking involves many useful abilities:

• The ability to think clearly and rationally;

• The ability to analyze information objectively;

• The ability to understand the logical connection between ideas;

• The ability to make reasoned judgments, etc.

Let’s find out why these abilities are considered to be useful.

1. You Are Able to Evaluate Issues without Bias


Most people approach issues in a different way – someone relies on his/her beliefs, experiences, emotions or
someone else’s opinions. All that influences how you deal with one or another issue, especially it concerns such
controversial topics as abortion, capital punishment, animal testing or immigration. There are a lot of questions to be
answered with reference to solid evidence. And what can help you gather it? Right, it’s critical thinking that helps you
gather and assess relevant information to interpret it effectively for well-reasoned conclusions and solutions.

2. You Can Foresee How Things Will Turn out


Will-power, knowledge, skills, motivation, knowing the right people, being at the right time and in the right place is all
that makes a person succeed in the modern world. And yet, there is one more point that allows achieving success – it
is the ability to predict what will happen or be needed in the future. How is it possible? You learn the current issues in
an objective and critical way understanding the logical links between ideas and arguments. For example, Heather A.
Butler with her colleagues, Christopher Pentoney, Mabelle P. Bong conducted research among 244 participants to
explore the contribution of critical thinking and intelligence to the prediction of real-world outcomes. As a result,
critical thinking is considered to be a better predictor of real-world outcomes than intelligence. So start to develop
your critical thinking skills right now to know what will occur to various important fields – economics, business,
marketing and sales, etc.

3. You Communicate with Others Sharing Your Ideas Effectively


After you evaluate an issue and predict all possible outcomes, it is important to get out a message to the target
audience – be it your chief, colleagues or professors. As a rule, critical thinking detaches all our emotions from
expressing an idea in public. You just take a practical view of the situation at hand – how to solve a problem in
mutual collaboration with colleagues or other people. At the same time, open mind for a different view that you can
also perceive with the help of the ability to recognize valid logic.

4. You Are Trusted to Figure Out Solutions to Complex Problems


When a person is able to identify, analyze problems and even predict and solve them systematically rather than by
intuition or instinct, it is particularly valuable. You still have to hope for the best – once you’ll be trusted to perform
complex tasks in a company, for example. It means that the career promotion is guaranteed to you in this case.
Additionally, it will influence your life in general. Yes, it is a great responsibility to solve complex problems. But just
imagine how many difficult questions could be answered if you applied your critical thinking skills in practice.
5. You Are Highly Appreciated by Employers
You have been already explained the perspectives in a professional career when critical thinking is one of your
strengths. What do usually students do when graduating from a college or university? “Where to find a job of my
dream?” is a common question for graduates. That’s why if you want to succeed in a job search quickly, start
succeeding in critical thinking. Be sure most doors of top business companies will be open to you if an HR specialist
notices your good critical thinking skills in resumes, cover letters, or during job interviews. Most companies call for job
applicants that are critical thinkers, communicative, collaborative, and creative. It means that besides being equipped
with good reading, writing, and arithmetic skills, don’t neglect four specific skills that are known as the “Four Cs” –
critical thinking, communication, collaboration, and creativity.

➢ Drawbacks to Knowledge Tool:

There can be drawbacks to being a critical thinker. Some people are offended by being challenged. They do not
like being questioned or they can’t tolerate people who disagree with them. Some people’s worldviews are
antithetical to critical thinking. Such people may be friends or family members, and critical thinking may alienate
you from them. People who love you may think you are being corrupted by critical thinking. The more critically
you think, the more likely it is that you will change your views on many important issues. These changes may not only
cause friction with others; they may cause some discomfort in your own life as you try to adjust to giving up attitudes
and beliefs you’ve held since childhood. You may even find yourself coming to believe things that once seemed
obviously false to you. Many of you will have been encouraged to think critically all of your lives and there will be few
drawbacks to developing your skills even further. Others, however, may have a more difficult time of it. You will have
to decide for yourself what you value more: being an independent thinker or having the approval of people who do not
value independent thinking.

Advantages of Digital Tool:

1. Social Connectivity

Digital technology makes it easy to stay in touch with friends, family, and work remotely, even if you are in another
part of the world. You can communicate by words, video, audio, and exchange other media. Websites, apps, and
software have all been created to help users to socialize. Social media, messaging, texting, laptops, tablets, and
mobile phones, mean that nobody need feel isolated in the digital world. Users can be regularly updated with news
on local events and social happenings.

2. Communication Speeds

Internet speeds have increased exponentially since the early days of dial-up. Ever faster broadband enables the
transfer of large amounts of information across the web almost instantaneously, making it possible to stream video
and audio in real-time, send large data files, and access data from virtually anywhere in the world. Traditional media
communication can take much longer.
3. Versatile Working

The nature of work has been transformed by digital technology. Increased connectivity options mean that many
people now have far more opportunities for working from home, as remote working becomes increasingly common.
Many jobs can now be done from hundreds, or even thousands of miles away without difficulty. Without the need for
all workers to be present in the same building, many other flexible working practices are now possible.

4. Learning Opportunities

Anybody with access to the internet now has access to a huge proportion of the world's knowledge over the web.
Lessons and courses can now be delivered virtually online. Communication advances mean that you can now easily
communicate with most of the world's population and learn directly from sources. For example, if you are trying to
understand foreign events, or learning a new language. Digital technology can also be easier to use for people with
disabilities and often give them equal access.

5. Automation

Digital technology is increasingly making machines smarter. In some cases, the machines no longer need humans to
operate them, freeing up workers from often repetitive tasks for more interesting jobs. In other cases, smarter
machines mean better standards of safety or a better experience for the user. Products and services drop in price as
the technology develops and becomes more common. Many tasks can now be done directly by customers, rather
than having to be done through another person acting as an intermediary, for instance, booking a holiday.

6. Information Storage

Digital technology enables the storage of massive amounts of information in relatively small spaces. Large amounts
of media, such as photos, music, videos, contact information, and other documents can be carried around on small
devices like mobile phones. As well as physical locations, data can also be stored online, enabling it to be accessed
from any device which has internet access.

Creative options for editing videos and photos have increased exponentially with the advent of digital technology. The
technology is more affordable and easier to use. What used to require a studio with expensive equipment can now be
done at home.

7. Editing

One of the great advantages of digital technology over traditional media is that the information can be much easier to
edit or manipulate. Word processing has brought about a revolution in the editing of text. Video editing, which used to
require expensive studios and equipment, can now be done on a laptop in a bedroom. All sorts of photographic
effects are now available, as well as the ability to crop, resize, and creatively alter images.
8. Accurate Duplication

One of the great things about digital technology is that it enables the exact duplication of media. For instance, you
can write a work report and email it to multiple recipients, or you can distribute multiple copies of photos to family and
friends. Breakthroughs in technology are now happening in the field of 3D printing, which looks set to radically
transform our world.

9. GPS and Mapping

Finding your way around used to involve referring to a paper map, but digital combined with satellite technology has
transformed travel. GPS services can now pinpoint your position accurately, update you on traffic jams and road
closures in real-time, and give you lots of up-to-date information such as time of arrival at your destination, as well as
alternative routes. If you want to find a gas station or drugstore that's open, that's easy too.

10. Transportation

Many trains and airplanes already rely to an extent on digital technology. Road vehicles, such as cars and trucks, will
become fully automated in the not too distant future. Accessing timetables, as well as booking planes and trains now
often takes place online. Passports contain digital chips that hold information, enabling self-service machines to
speed up the process of checking in and passing through customs.

11. Low Cost

Aside from paying for an internet service and the basics like a modem, much of what the digital world offers can be
accessed for free. Sending an email, communicating via a video link-up with family, and surfing the internet generally
cost nothing. It can provide opportunities for low-cost self-education, setting up a business, buying and selling items,
or earning money online.

12. Entertainment

The entire entertainment industry and the way that people amuse themselves has been radically transformed since
the start of the internet revolution. Many people get their fun from online social media or playing computer games.
Traditional media has evolved too, as televisions and broadcasting have become digitized, along with radio.

Traditional sources of news such as newspapers have seen a dramatic decline in recent years, as digital media takes
over. Many people now get their news via social media, as well as directly from news websites.
13. News

Increasing numbers of people get their news online, either via a website or social media. Even traditional news
media, such as TV and radio, have been digitalized. People have more options for news sources than ever, and most
of it is available 24 hours per day. Independent and do-it-yourself journalism is now very common, as well as ordinary
people taking photos and videos on their phones at locations where a news event is taking place.

14. Warfare

Advances in technology mean that wars can increasingly be fought remotely, avoiding the risks associated with
having soldiers physically present on or above the battlefield, where they are prone to injury or death. Drones and
missile technology are particularly reliant on digital technology to work effectively, but most machinery used in
warfare is being gradually becoming increasingly automated. Many technologies that have been created for military
purposes, such as the internet and GPS, are now in civilian use.

15. Banking and Finance

There's no doubt that digitalization has led to a revolution in financial matters. Online banking is done either through
a laptop, tablet, or phone app is now the norm. Bank users can now check their incoming and outgoing payments
remotely, as well as arrange money transfers and bill payments. Outside of banking, other financial matters, such as
buying and selling currency and shares can be dealt with online. Transferring money between accounts both
nationally and internationally has also seen a great deal of innovation in recent years.

16. Smaller Sized Devices

One general effect of digital technology that is almost taken for granted is that devices can be made much smaller.
The phones that we carry around are mini-computers, for example, capable of surfing the net, working as calculators,
planning journeys, capturing and playing photos, audio, and videos, providing games for our amusement, as well as
operating as phones and having other functions. Smaller devices generally mean more portability and less space
used up in living spaces.

17 Digital Technology Disadvantages


1. Data Security
2. Crime and Terrorism
3. Complexity
4. Privacy Concerns
5. Social Disconnect
6. Work Overload
7. Digital Media Manipulation
8. Job Insecurity
9. Plagiarism and Copyright
10. Anonymity and Fake Personas
11. Overreliance on Gadgets
12. Addiction
13. Secondhand Living
14. Organization and Storage
15. Depersonalized Warfare
16. Longevity
17. Social Alienation

I will explain each downside of digital technology in more detail below.

1. Data Security

Digital technology means that vast amounts of data can be collected and stored. This can be private information
concerning individuals or organizations. It can be very difficult to keep this data safe. Just a single breach can mean
vast amounts of private information going into the hands of criminals, terrorists, business rivals, foreign adversaries,
or other malign entities.

2. Crime and Terrorism

The internet is fertile territory for malevolent forces to operate, thanks to its international nature, vast scale, and the
relative anonymity that users can enjoy. Examples of this include: terrorists using social media to promote
themselves and encourage others; drug dealers using the dark web to trade; pedophiles using chat rooms and other
places to groom potential victims, exchange photos, videos and other information; and authoritarian regimes
attempting to sway or distort elections in democratic countries.

3. Complexity

We no longer understand the workings of the devices and machines that we interact with on a daily basis. Fixing a
modern car now means interacting with a computer; it is no longer just mechanical. Using a phone can involve
tackling all sorts of complicated settings. Minor glitches in the operations of a laptop can cost both time and expense.

4. Privacy Concerns

It's become much harder to have personal privacy in the digital world and that's on top of the dangers of your
personal data being stolen or sold. For instance, everybody has the ability to take photos and video footage on their
mobile phone, then post it online. Employers can search for people online and maybe find unflattering photographs,
or see them expressing controversial opinions in social media or blogs. Digital cameras watch and record our
movements in public places. Minor indiscretions can now haunt an individual for life when they're posted on the
internet. Controlling your personal information is very difficult and sometimes impossible.
5. Social Disconnect

There is an increasing tendency for people to socialize and communicate via digital devices rather than through real-
life contact. This can easily lead to a sense of disconnect and isolation. Human beings have evolved over thousands
of years to have real contact, so taking that away affects them in all sorts of negative ways that we're only just
beginning to understand. Studies have suggested that the lack of real-life contact is causing depression and other
forms of mental illness in many people.

There are a number of psychological studies suggesting that the digital world is causing an increased risk of mental
illness. Examples include reliance on social media for contact, online bullying, and work stress through information
overload.

6. Work Overload

Many modern workers spend their days trying to keep up with the hundreds of emails that they are sent each week,
all of which require reading and some of which require replies or action. Texts from colleagues in the evenings or on
the weekend can mean that people never fully escape work. Organizing the vast amount of digital data acquired in
some jobs, such as the minutes of meetings, training videos, photographs, reports, and instructions, can also be a
huge headache.

7. Digital Media Manipulation

Digital media such as photographs, audio, and video are easy to edit, making the manipulation of media widespread.
It's not always easy to tell what is real and what is fake anymore. Photographs can be altered using editing tools such
as Photoshop. Digital audio and video can be doctored. The issues will only intensify as the technology improves.

8. Job Insecurity

It used to be that you had to be physically present at a workplace to do a job, but now many work tasks are
performed remotely via the internet. That means a Third World worker in a low wage economy can undercut you and
take your job. Increasingly, humans aren't needed at all for many tasks, as computers gradually replace them.
Driving and delivery jobs, for instance, will disappear soon as vehicles become automated.

9. Plagiarism and Copyright

Digital media is remarkably easy to copy and reproduce. Copyright laws are increasingly hard to enforce, as the
music and movie industries have discovered to their cost. School kids can copy and paste their homework projects
without really learning anything. A culture of "sharing" on social media means that often the original creator of a piece
of media is forgotten, as the piece is adapted and claimed by others.
10. Anonymity and Fake Personas

Digital technology provides wide scope for users to hide their identities. Studies show that people are much more
likely to behave anti-socially if they don't think that there will be any consequences. Bullying, trolling, stalking,
threatening, and insulting behavior have all increased dramatically with the rise of the internet. People assume fake
personas for the purposes of scamming and defrauding. Pedophiles use fake personas to gain access to and
befriend children.

11. Overreliance on Gadgets

Reliance upon mobile phones, computers, and other digital gadgets has become common. Many people have all
their contact information, photographs, texts, and other personal information on their phones. If they lose them, or the
gadget breaks or runs out of power, then they are in trouble. Basic living skills, like finding one's way around the
streets of a town, have been replaced by taking directions from a GPS system.

Computer gaming addiction can cause multiple problems for users caught up in it. Consequences include negative
effects on social life, finances, academic achievement, sleep patterns, as well as emotional and health problems.

12. Addiction

Social media, computer games, messaging, and dating websites can all be addictive. Games want you to play so that
you will buy the next version. Websites want you to interact so that they can bring in advertising money. Users end
up wasting vast amounts of time and hemorrhaging money for low return.

13. Secondhand Living

Many people no longer experience real-life events directly. Music concerts or live shows are videoed on mobile
phones, events are photographed, and audio is recorded. Media is uploaded onto social sites. Life becomes
something that is experienced through the prism of digital media rather than firsthand.

14. Organization and Storage

Digital media can be very difficult to organize. Photos and music, for instance, can be located on numerous devices,
such as mobile phones, tablets, laptops, and portable hard drives. Individual items can be hard to find but easy to
accidentally delete or lose, and the device they are stored on can be lost, stolen, or suffer catastrophic malfunction.
Digital media can be difficult to store and maintain long term. File formats change over time. In some instances
traditional media can last longer than their digital equivalent.
15. Depersonalized Warfare

Digital technology means that weapons can be deployed anywhere in the world without any actual human military
presence. Drones turn warfare into a computer game. Intercontinental missiles follow streets and landmarks in
foreign countries remotely. Satellites monitor enemy forces through photographs and video taken from space.

16. Longevity

Digital gadgets typically have a short lifespan and become archaic relatively quickly. As the technology advances at a
pace, devices and machines quickly become unusable because they are now seen as too slow, or incompatible with
other devices, or they have simply been superseded by newer, better versions. This creates tremendous waste and
inefficiency, as older digital devices are discarded when no longer useful. It can also become very expensive for
users when you have to upgrade every few years to a new device.

Much of life's tasks can now take place without leaving the house. The downside to this is that society is becoming
increasing depersonalized.

17. Social Alienation

Society continues to become more and more impersonal as digitized machines replace humans. People shop online,
do their banking online, pay bills online, and increasingly work online. Transport is also set to become automated,
which will ultimately result in taxis and delivery vehicles becoming driver free. Loneliness and a lack of human contact
with a flesh and blood person are becoming increasingly common.

Activity 2.3
Present in a form of matrix the resistive pressures to change, as well as the
turning of learning toward a new balance.

Analysis
1. How are schools shifting their balance toward 21st century learning? How
does it affect the teacher and students in school classrooms everyday?

➢ There is a need for major change in our educational system and in particular the design of schools. Our existing school
model was defined in the mid- to late-1800s, as a response to the Industrial Revolution, and does not reflect the needs
of the next generation of 21st century students. One of the key elements of change in schools is the shift from confined
classrooms towards alternative learning environments – spaces that are designed for a specific learning type or activity.

Teachers today are focusing on future content. What will math be like in the future? What science topics will be
important for students to build a strong foundation in? How will young people be accessing information later in life? All
of these issues have occurred as a result of the rise in technological advancements making their way into our school
systems. According to Prensky (2001), teachers need to spruce up their teaching methods for all subjects at all
levels. He explains that teachers who don't do this, or who think their way of teaching is the only way, are ineffective
teachers. But they can be successful if they step up to the plate and make their first move in the right direction.

2. How does the 4 forces converged and lead toward a new way of learning
for life in the 21st century?
➢ The four powerful forces that that are converging and leading us toward new ways of learning for life in the 21st century
are knowledge work, thinking tools, digital lifestyles and learning research.

These four forces are simultaneously creating the need for new forms of learning in the 21st century and supplying the
tools, environments, and guiding principles required to support 21st century learning practices.
LESSON 3 : What are 21st Century Skills?
Activity 3.1
Learning and Innovation skills: Learning to Create Together. The first set of
21st century skills focuses on critical learning skills and innovation:
1. Why do you think these skills are the keys to unblocking a lifetime of
learning and creative work?

➢ To thrive in today’s innovation-driven economy, workers need a different mix of skills than in the past. In
addition to foundational skills like literacy and numeracy, they need competencies like collaboration, creativity
and problem-solving, and character qualities like persistence, curiosity and initiative.

Changes in the labour market have heightened the need for all individuals, and not just a few, to have these
skills. In countries around the world, economies run on creativity, innovation and collaboration. Skilled jobs
are more and more centred on solving unstructured problems and effectively analysing information. In
addition, technology is increasingly substituting for manual labour and being infused into most aspects of life
and work. Over the past 50 years, the US economy, as just one of many developed-world examples, has
witnessed a steady decline in jobs that involve routine manual and cognitive skills, while experiencing a
corresponding increase in jobs that require non-routine analytical and interpersonal skills . Many forces have
contributed to these trends, including the accelerating automation and digitization of routine work.

• Foundational literacies represent how students apply core skills to everyday tasks. These skills serve as the
base upon which students need to build more advanced and equally important competencies and character
qualities. This category includes not only the globally assessed skills of literacy and numeracy, but
also scientific literacy, ICT literacy,[5] financial literacy and cultural and civic literacy. Acquisition of these skills
has been the traditional focus of education around the world. Historically, being able to understand written
texts and quantitative relationships was sufficient for entry into the workforce. Now, these skills represent just
the starting point on the path towards mastering 21st-century skills.

• Competencies describe how students approach complex challenges. For example, critical thinking is the
ability to identify, analyse and evaluate situations, ideas and information in order to formulate responses to
problems. Creativity is the ability to imagine and devise innovative new ways of addressing problems,
answering questions or expressing meaning through the application, synthesis or repurposing of
knowledge. Communication and collaboration involve working in coordination with others to convey
information or tackle problems. Competencies such as these are essential to the 21st-century workforce,
where being able to critically evaluate and convey knowledge, as well as work well with a team, has become
the norm.

• Character qualities describe how students approach their changing environment. Amid rapidly changing
markets, character qualities such as persistence and adaptability ensure greater resilience and success in the
face of obstacles. Curiosity and initiative serve as starting points for discovering new concepts and
ideas. Leadership and social and cultural awareness involve constructive interactions with others in socially,
ethically and culturally appropriate ways.
2. Do you believe that critical thinking and problem solving are considered by
many to be the new basics of 21st century learning? Explain your answer.
➢ YES. The learners of the 21st century are poised to join a workforce that requires them to ask questions,
problem-solve and think critically, pursue investigation and share and apply their findings through multisensory
lenses. Many of today’s jobs require workers to think outside of the box and problem-solve from different
angles, always being ready to construct and defend a new way of thinking. In order to provide the learners of
today with the tools to participate fully in this challenging workforce, the understandings of teaching
methodology in the classroom must be altered.

3. What are the manifestations/characteristics of students possessing


a. critical thinking and problem solving?
➢ Good critical thinking is a process that requires strong cognitive skills as well as positive mindset
characteristics. Critical thinking skills such as analysis, evaluation, deduction, induction and numeracy are
important. But equally important, to individuals as well as teams, are the characteristics that provide motivation
to apply such skills to reach a goal. Individuals can have experience and skills but not choose to use them
when making decisions. Problem-solvers and decision-makers must be willing and able to think well.
Below are some of the characteristics being possessed of a person with a good Critical Thinking and Problem solving
skills:
• inquisitiveness with regard to a wide range of issues
• concern to become and remain well-informed
• attentive to opportunities to use critical thinking
• self-confidence in one’s own abilities to reason
• open-mindedness regarding divergent world views
• flexibility in considering alternatives and opinions
• alertness to likely future events in order to anticipate their consequences
• understanding of the opinions of other people
• fair-mindedness in appraising reasoning
• honesty in facing one’s own biases, prejudices, stereotypes, or egocentric tendencies
• prudence in suspending, making or altering judgments
• willingness to reconsider and revise views where honest reflection suggests that change is warranted

b. Communication and Collaboration skills


➢ Collaboration skills and Communication skills are both generic and content/context-specific in that the
collaborative skills themselves do not typically vary across content areas. However, the content and context
in which the collaborative activity is situated can have a significant effect on the students’ ability to transfer
their skills. For example, students can contribute much more effectively in collaborative tasks—offering
resources, ideas, and efforts—when they have at least some content knowledge. Without such knowledge,
students act more as observers than as true collaborators. Collaboration is also intertwined with other
cognitive, interpersonal, and intrapersonal competencies: effective collaboration requires communication
skills, metacognition, self-direction, and so on.
➢ Below are some of the characteristics being possessed of a person with a good Critical Thinking and Problem
solving skills:
• Plan and make group decisions – Decide with the group how best to manage and complete the task or
project, work with the group to assign roles or tasks, use negotiation or conflict-resolution skills as necessary
to plan and make group decisions.
• Communicate about thinking with the group – Seek clarity about others’ thinking, respectfully express how
thinking makes sense or is lacking in some way, solicit alternative perspectives and input from all group
members, elaborate on the explanations of others.
• Contribute resources, ideas, and efforts and support group members – Contribute ideas, efforts, and
resources, support group members as needed, take responsibility for task assignments and work quality,
check in with group members about progress, provide feedback on the work of others.
• Monitor, reflect, and adapt individual and group processes to benefit the group – Reflect on individual
and group progress and processes, work with the team to adjust group efforts to meet the goal, adapt
individual and/or group processes to benefit the group.

c. creativity and innovation skills


➢ Innovation can be broadly thought of as new ideas, new ways of looking at things, new methods or products
that have value. Innovation contains the idea of output, of actually producing or doing something differently,
making something happen or implementing something new. Innovation almost always involves hard work;
persistence and perseverance are necessary as many good ideas never get followed through and developed.
Creativity is an active process necessarily involved in innovation. It is a learning habit that requires skill as
well as specific understanding of the contexts in which creativity is being applied. The creative process is at
the heart of innovation and often the words are used interchangeably.
Activity 3.2
1. Make a collage of students with skills on:
a. Information literacy
b. Media Literacy
c. ICT Literacy
Activity 3.3
1. We are in a time of great change. Flexibility and adaptability are now
essential skills for learning, work and citizenship in the 21st century.What are
the skills involved in life and career that could help students, teachers, and
school?

Life and Career Skills Involved


Dimension
A. Flexibility and
Adaptability Adapt to Change
skills • Adapt to varied roles, jobs responsibilities, schedules and context
• Work effectively in a climate of ambiguity and changing priorities

Be Flexible
• Incorporate feedback effectively
• Deal positively with praise, setbacks and criticism
• Understand, negotiate and balance diverse views and beliefs to reach workable solutions, particularly in multi-
cultural environments

B. Initiative and
Self-Direction • Manage Goals and Time
skills • Set goals with tangible and intangible success criteria
• Balance tactical (short-term) and strategic (long-term) goals
• Utilize time and manage workload efficiently

• Work Independently
• Monitor, define, prioritize and complete tasks without direct oversight

• Be Self-directed Learners
• Go beyond basic mastery of skills and/or curriculum to explore and expand one’s own learning and
opportunities to gain expertise
• Demonstrate initiative to advance skill levels towards a professional level
• Demonstrate commitment to learning as a lifelong process
• Reflect critically on past experiences in order to inform future progress

C. Social and • 1. Respect cultural differences and work effectively with people from a range of social and cultural «
Cross-Cultural Backgrounds.
skills • 2. Respond open-mindedly to different ideas and values.
• 3. Leverage social and cultural differences to create new ideas and increase both innovation and quality of
work.

D. Productivity
and Manage Projects
Accountability • Set and meet goals, even in the face of obstacles and competing pressure
Skills • Prioritize, plan and manage work to achieve the intended result
Produce Results
Demonstrate additional attributes associated with producing high quality products including the abilities to:
• Work positively and ethically
• Manage time and projects effectively
• Multi-task
• Participate actively, as well as be reliable and punctual
• Present oneself professionally and with proper etiquette
• Collaborate and cooperate effectively with teams
• Respect and appreciate team diversity
• Be accountable for results

E. Leadership
and Guide and Lead Others
Responsibility • Use interpersonal and problem-solving skills to influence and guide others toward a goal
Skills • Leverage strengths of others to accomplish a common goal
• Inspire others to reach their very best via example and selflessness
• Demonstrate integrity and ethical behavior in using influence and power

Be Responsible to Others
• Act responsibly with the interests of the larger community in mind
Lesson 4 21st Century Learning in Practice
1. Why do you think questions and problems are natural motivators for
learning?

➢ The learning power of the right question at the right time has been celebrated throughout recorded
history.The careful construction of basic questions about our natural world and the imaginative
search for accurate answers to them are at the center of the scientific method-our most important
innovation for exploring and uncovering new knowledge. In short, questions & problems will serve
as the opening of one’s critical thinking for them to solve or answer certain questions or problem.

2. Make a distinction between inquiry-based learning and design based


learning.
Inquiry-based learning Design-based learning

Inquiry-based learning (IBL) is that it starts from a Design-based learning (DBL), also known as design-
place of questioning. Students may spontaneously ask based instruction, is an inquiry-based form of learning,
questions or be prompted to ask questions about a or pedagogy, that is based on integration of design
particular topic. They might research to find answers, thinking and the design process into the classroom at
engage in activities that will help them pursue answers, the K-12 and post-secondary levels. Design-
or work collaboratively in pursuit of answers; based learning environments can be found across many
regardless, all learning stems from these questions. By disciplines, including those traditionally associated with
engaging in inquiry-based learning, students come to design (e.g. art, architecture, engineering, interior
understand that they can take responsibility for their design, graphic design), as well as others not normally
learning. considered to be design-related (science, technology,
business, humanities). DBL, as well as project-based
These systems and conceptual frameworks do overlap, learning and problem-based learning, is used to
but inquiry-based learning always follows from students' teach 21st century skills such
questions as the main motivation to investigate new as communication and collaboration and foster deeper
material or acquire new skills. Inquiry-based learning learning.
can be especially motivating for students who do not
respond well to top-down instructional models.
3. Scientists use experiments to test an explanation or hypothesis, and engineers devise prototypes or create new
designs to see how well their solution works. Though these methods are similar, they differ in the way answer and
questions are derived and tested.
From the illustration above, how does scientific experimental method differ
from engineering design method? Give at least 3.
4. Compare and Contrast the Student and Teachers’Project Wheel. Use
appropriate graphic organizer in your presentation.

5. Make a Poster how this formula 3Rs x 7C’s = 21st Century Learning direct
to a successful learning in the 21st century. Post it in the class GC.

You might also like