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Electric Machines:: Project 1 Lap and Wave Windings

The document discusses lap and wave windings for electric machines. Lap windings have parallel paths equal to the number of poles, with coils connected to adjacent commutator segments. Wave windings have only two parallel paths, with coil ends connected to commutator segments some distance apart. The key difference is that lap windings are used for low voltage, high current applications, while wave windings are used for high voltage, low current applications.

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ali
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188 views

Electric Machines:: Project 1 Lap and Wave Windings

The document discusses lap and wave windings for electric machines. Lap windings have parallel paths equal to the number of poles, with coils connected to adjacent commutator segments. Wave windings have only two parallel paths, with coil ends connected to commutator segments some distance apart. The key difference is that lap windings are used for low voltage, high current applications, while wave windings are used for high voltage, low current applications.

Uploaded by

ali
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Electric Machines:

Project 1;
Lap and wave windings;

Name: Adel Ali Nassreddine

Id: 201702377

Submitted to: Dr. Mohammad Tarnini


Overview:
The armature winding is the most important part of the
rotating machine. It is the place where energy conversion
takes place, i.e., the mechanical energy is converted into
electrical energy, and the electrical energy is converted into
mechanical energy. The armature winding is mainly classified
into types, i.e., the lap winding and the wave winding.

In general, what happen in Lap winding?


In lap winding, the conductors are joined in such a way that
their parallel paths and poles are equal in number. The end
of each armature coil is connected to the adjacent segment
on the commutator. The number of brushes in the lap
winding is equal to the number of parallel paths, and these
brushes are equally divided into negative and positive
polarity.
When do we use Lap winding?
The lap winding is mainly used in low voltage, high current
machine applications.

Types:
1. Simplex Lap Winding
2. Duplex Lap Winding
3. Triplex Lap Winding

1. Simplex Lap Winding:


 In simplex lap winding, the terminating end of one coil is
joined to the commutator segment and the starting end of
the next coil is placed under the same pole. Also, the
number of parallel paths is similar to the number of poles of
the windings.
2. Duplex Winding: 
In duplex winding the number of parallel paths between the
pole is twice the number of poles. The duplex lap winding is
mainly used for heavy current applications. Such type of
winding is obtained by placing the two similar winding on the
same armature and connecting the even number commutator
bars to one winding and the odd number to the second
winding.

3. Triplex Lap Winding:


 In triplex lap winding the windings are connected to the one-
third of the commutator bars.

Advantages and Disadvantages:


The lap winding has many paths and hence it is used for the
larger current applications. The only disadvantage of the lap
winding is that it requires many conductors which increase
the cost of the winding.

What about Wave winding?


In wave winding, only two parallel paths are provided
between the positive and negative brushes. The finishing end
of the one armature coil is connected to the starting end of
the other armature coil commutator segment at some
distance apart.
In this winding, the conductors are connected to two parallel
paths irrespective of the number of poles of the machine. The
number of brushes is equal to the number of parallel paths.
The wave winding is mainly used in high voltage, low current
machines.

If after passing one round, the armature winding falls into a


slot to the left of its initial point, then the winding is said to
be retrogressive

And if the armature windings fall on one slot to the right then
it is called progressive winding.
Assume the two layers winding and suppose that the
conductor AB must be at the upper layer half of the slot on
the left or right. Consider that the YB is the back pitch and
YF is the front pitch. The sum of the back pitch and the front
pitch is nearly equal to the pole pitch of the winding.

The equation gives average pitch of the winding


If ZA is the total number of conductor or coil side, then the

average pitch is expressed by the equation,

Where, P – number of poles


Since P is always even, then Z = PYA ± 2, will always be
considered as an even integer.

For progressive winding plus sign will use and for


retrogressive winding negative winding will be used.

Basis For
Lap Winding Wave Winding
Comparison

Definition The coil is lap back to the succeeding The coil of the winding form the
coil. wave shape.

Connection The end of the armature coil is The end of the armature coil is
connected to an adjacent segment connected to commutator segments
on the commutators. some distance apart.

Parallel Path The numbers of parallel path are The number of parallel paths is equal
equal to the total of number poles. to two.

Other Name Parallel Winding or Mulitiple Winding Two-circuit or Series Winding.

EMF Less More

Number of Equal to the number of parallel Two


Brushes paths.
Basis For
Lap Winding Wave Winding
Comparison

Types Simplex and Duplex lap winding. Progressive and Retrogressive wave
winding

Efficiency Less High

Winding Cost High (because more conductor is Low


required)

Uses In low voltage, high current In high voltage, low current


machines. machines.

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