Chapter 2:

OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY
& HEALTH MANAGEMENT
SYSTEM

Prepared by:
Rozalina Binti Ab Rashid
 LEARNING OUTCOME
1) Explain the concept of safety management
• OSH standard management system
• Principle of OSHMS
2) Show the establishment of safety and health committee
• Section 30, OSH 1994
• Composition of committee
• Specific function of committee
3) Describe role of the management
• Role of the management
• Section 16, OSH 1994
• Procedures in policy, standard and safety guideline development
 THE CONCEPTS OF SAFETY
MANAGEMENT
The development of systems to prevent
accidents, injuries, and other adverse occurrences
in an institutional setting.

The concept includes prevention or reduction of

adverse events or incidents involving employees,
patients, or facilities.

Examples include plans to reduce injuries from

falls or plans for fire safety to promote a safe
institutional environment.
(12 Dec 1998)
 Key Responsibilities
They are several key responsibilities regarding to OSHMS :
Top management involvement and work orsanization

Consulting employees

Assigning representatives to provide health and safety assistance

Giving adequate supervision and monitoring

Providing information, guidelines and training

Monitoring and reviewing condition for best practices

Why Need OSH Management
To satisfy
customer

To comply
To need
with national
organization
legal
policy
requirement
Why Need
OSH
Management

culture globalization

leadership
Five Components of Typical OSH-
MS1722
 Management must have a written OSH policy

Management must commit themselves to:-

1. Promoting health and preventing accidents,
diseases and other work-related health effects in
the workplace
2. Complying with OSH legal requirements and
POLICY other requirements
3. Workers and their representatives are consulted
when making workplace rules and regulations
4. Providing the necessary resources to ensure that
work and the workplace is safe
 Management as a whole is responsible for OSH -
Ensuring that management and workers are
competent to carry out their tasks, especially the
hazardous ones

ORGANIZING Employees are informed of hazards they are

working in and procedures are established to ensure
their safety and health

Management must promote safety and health

 There must be procedures for purchasing and
contracting to ensure safety and health
requirements are incorporated in purchased
materials and equipment as well as in
PLANNING &
contracting activities.
IMPLEMENTATION

OSH management activities must be planned

and performance targets set
 OSH management programmes must be
monitored
Investigate work-related injuries, ill health,
diseases and incidents, and their impact of OSH
EVALUATION
performance
Carry out regular audits
Management must review its activities to ensure
OSH risks in the workplace are ALARP (As Low
As Reasonably Practicable)
 Identifying and analyzing the root cause of any
non-conformities with relevant OSH regulations or
management arrangements

Initiating, planning, implementing, checking the

effectiveness of corrective and preventive action,
ACTION FOR
IMPROVEMENT including changes to the OSH management itself

Continual improvement should cover the whole

system organization and should compared with
other in order to improve the safety and health
condition
 THE ESTABLISHMENT OF S & H
COMMITTEE
• Section 30. Establishment of safety and health
committee at place of work.
• (1) Every employer shall establish a safety and health
committee at the place of work in accordance with this
section if-
(a) there are forty or more persons employed at the
place of work; or
(b) the Director General directs the establishment of
such a committee at the place of work.
 Effective Safety & Health
Committee
Accident rates are reduce

Safety and health awareness is improved

A broad range of safety and health expertise and experience is available for solving
problems

Cooperating is encouraged through better communication

All employees have a way to express concerns and have them address
continue………
• (2) The composition of a safety and health committee
established under subsection (1), the election or
appointment of persons to the committee, the powers of
the members of the committee and any other matter
relating to the establishment or procedure of the
committee shall be as prescribed.

• (3) Every employer shall consult the safety and health

committee with a view to the making and maintenance
of arrangements which will enable him and his employees
to co-operate effectively in promoting and developing
measures to ensure the safety and health at the place of
work of the employees, and in checking the effectiveness
of such measures.
Composition Of Committee
CHAIR MAN

<= 100 Workers – 2 Representatives

>100 Workers – 4 Representatives
SECRETARY

REPRESENTATIVE REPRESENTATIVE
OF EMPLOYER OF EMPLOYEES
(2 @ 4) (2 @ 4)
 • Employer or Authorized Manager shall be
CHAIRMAN chairman.

• Person employed as Safety & Health Officer or

SECRETARY appointed by the chairman or appointed
among the members.

• Appointed by Employer
MANAGEMENT
REPRESENTATIVES

• Appointed by employer
EMPLOYEES
REPRESENTATIVES
 Removal of Committee member
a. Fail to
attend 3
consecutive
meetings
f. Incapable
b. Unsound
to carry duty
mind
as member

Removal of
- Fraud, dishonesty or Committee
member
moral
turpitude e. Convicted
- offence under law on a charge c. Bankrupt
relating to OSH of:
- Other criminal offence
d. No longer
employed
(employee
rep)
 The Function of Committee
• 1. Assist in the development of safety & health rules
and safe systems of work
• 2. Review the effectiveness of safety and health
programs.
• 3. Carry out studies on the trends of accident , near-
miss accident, dangerous occurrence ,
occupational poisoning/diseases which occurs at
workplaces and shall report to the employer of any
unsafe/unhealthy condition at the workplace.
4. Review the safety and health policies at the
workplace and make recommendation to the
employer for any revision of such policies.
5. Inspect the work place at least once in every three
month and recommend preventive and corrective
measure.
6. Discuss reports and matters from safety officer,
enforcement officers, etc.
7. Practices and recommend corrective actions.
8. Assist to organize promotional activities.
4. Review the safety and health policies at the workplace
and make recommendation to the employer for any
revision of such policies.
5. Inspect the work place at least once in every three
month and recommend preventive and corrective
measure.
6. Discuss reports and matters from safety officer,
enforcement officers, etc.
7. Practices and recommend corrective actions.
8. Assist to organize promotional activities.
 THE ROLES OF THE MANAGEMENT
SAFETY AND HEALTH ORGANISATION deals with
RESPONSIBILITIES

Management Chart should show lines of responsibilities

and accountability such as:
- Responsibility of Directors and Senior Management
- Responsibility of the Safety Specialist
- Responsibility of Supervisors and Foreman
- Responsibility of Employee
The Procedures In Policy, Standard and Safety
Guideline Development
 Step 1: OSH Policy

Clearly states the commitment of senior management

towards OSH
Must be formulated by the top management
It must be realistic, credible, achievable and measurable.
OSH policy must include all of business activities :
– Selection of People, Equipment and Material
– Work procedure and method of work
– Design and delivery of goods and services
 Step 2: OSH Organization
Competence: requirement, training, and
advisory support

Control: allocating

4c
Communication:
responsibilities, securing
spoken, written and
commitment, instruction
visible
and supervision

Cooperation: between individuals and

groups
Competence
- Assess the skills to carry out the task safely
- Provide the means to ensure that all workers, and
management are adequately instructed and trained
- Ensure that workers doing dangerous work have
adequate training, experience and other qualities to carry
out the work safely
- Access for advice and help
- Restructuring or reorganization to ensure the
competence of those taking on new OSH responsibilities
Control
- Lead by Example
– Demonstrate your commitment and provide clear direction
– Let everyone knows that safety is important
- Identify people responsible for particular health and safety jobs –especially
where special expertise is called for, e.g. doing risk assessment, driving fork-
lift trucks
- Ensure that managers, supervisors and team leaders understand their
responsibilities and have time and resources to carry them out.
- Ensure that everyone knows what they must do and how they will be held
accountable –set objectives.
Co-operation

- Chair your health and safety committee

- Consult your staff and their representatives
- Involve staff in planning and reviewing performance,
writing procedures and solving problems
- Co-ordinate and co-operate with those contractors who
work on your premises
Communication

- Provide information about hazards, risks and preventive

measures to employees and contractors working on your
premises
- Discuss health and safety regularly
- Be visible on health and safety
 Step 3: Planning and Setting Standards

- Planning involves setting objectives, identifying hazards,

assessing risks, implementing standards of performance
and developing a positive safety culture

- Standards must be realistic, achievable and measurable

 Step 4: Measuring Performance

- We have to monitor OSH performance to identify

– Where you are
– Where you want to be?
– Any problem or opportunity? Why?

- Monitoring strategy can also be used to reduce problems

– Active monitoring (before things happen): inspection
– Reactive monitoring (after things happen): accident
investigation
 Step 5: Learn from Experience -Audit and Review

-The aims of audit

– The plan is implemented?
– The OSHM is achieving the right result?
- Review the effectiveness of OSHM
 Summary
• ASHMS is defined as a set of interrelated or interacting elements to
establish and implement occupational safety and health (OSH) policy
and objective, and to achieve those objective

• Hazard is define as source, situation, or act with a potential for harm in

terms of human injury or ill health and damage to property

• An OSH policy is a written document which expresses the organization’s

commitment to their employee’s health and safety

• Establishing policy, standard, guidelines, rules and safety workplace

procedures are among the main roles of management. They need to
consider the organization’s practice and past experience in order to keep
the OSH document up-to date and reliable