CHAPTER 1.

INTRODUCTION

Background of the study

Stress can be defined as the feeling when a person reacts to any

changes that causes physical and psychological tensions. It can be caused
by environmental factors called stressors that can almost be in any form.
Experiencing too much stress can cause physical health problems such as
high blood pressure, sleeping problems, and exhaustion. It can also cause
psychological problems like depression, panic attacks, and anxiety.

According to WebMD, work is the biggest source of stress in the United

States of America. Ten percent of the U.S. workers stated that they
experience their everyday stress in their office. Some of the stressors
includes having heavy workloads or when there is too much responsibility
in the office, working for hours without breaks, and working under
dangerous conditions. WebMD also included that life stresses can also be
a huge impact on workers. It includes having more financial obligations,
having emotional problems, and having traumatic events.

Wisse and Sleebos (2015) stated that change also plays a major role
on developing stress for and workers. Experiencing or doing things for the
first time causes stress that can affect workers physically and mentally.
These changes include having new position in work or promotion and
changing the normal routine in work. Schulte (2015) added that a sudden
change of the environment can cause stress to an individual. These
stressors are the product of situations that a person has not encountered
before. It includes the sudden change of a situation, and the compatibility
of that person in that certain situation.

According to the American Institute of Stress (AIS), teachers suffer

more stress than other workers. Their study found out that one in five
teachers feels stress or tense about their job compared with other
workers. Working intensively over long period of time creates higher stress
levels among the teachers.

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 Because of the pandemic caused by Corona Virus also known as Covid-
19, changes in a person’s job is inevitable and that includes the teachers.
Since change is a factor in developing stress for the workers, new teaching
system like the modular learning can also cause stress for the Senior
Highschool Teachers of Cabangan National Highschool.

Scope and Delimitation

This research study aims to describe the stresses caused by modular

learning on the Senior Highschool Teachers of Cabangan National
Highschool. This study was conducted in Barangay Sta. Rita, Cabangan,
Zambales during the school year 2020-2021. The respondents of this
research study will be the Senior Highschool Teachers of Cabangan
National Highschool including the non-teaching staff of the Senior
Highschool department.

General Purpose: describe the stress caused by Modular Learning

Subject Matter: Stress caused by Modular Learning on the Senior

Highschool Teachers

Locale: Cabangan National Highschool, Sta. Rita, Cabangan, Zamblaes

Population/Universe: Senior Highschool Teachers of Cabangan National

Highschool

Period: during the school year 2020-2021

Significance of the Study

 Teachers

The findings of this study will give the teachers knowledge on what
causes them stress during Modular Learning. They can also get ideas on
how to avoid and lessen getting stressed.

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  Students

This will give students the ideas on what causes the teachers
stress during Modular Learning. The findings of this study can be used by
students to learn things that is related to this research.

 Future Researchers

Future researchers can use the findings of this study to be as

the background of their study that is related to this one. It will give them
the knowledge they need to continue their study and will support their
findings and the results of their research.

Conceptual Framework

Modular Learning Stress Stress Caused by Modular

Learning on the SHS Teachers
(Independent Variable) (Dependent Variable)
(Output)

Procedure in Conducting the Study

Background of the study

Statement of the Problem

Data Gathering Procedures Findings

Data Analysis

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 Literature Review

Teaching is probably one of the most stressful job out of all the
professions. Because of the pandemic going around the world, being a
teacher becomes even harder than the usual. Certain rules have been
changed and they need to follow it just to help students learn things from
them.

Walker (2018) stated that ninety three percent (93%) of the teachers
in elementary suffered from high stress levels. If this study was conducted
before the pandemic, the numbers of teachers suffering from stress
should’ve increased more because of changes in their jobs.

According to Ellis (2020), teachers are facing a whole new set of

problems because of the pandemic. Work stress became more complicated
because they need to manage their homes while working. The obligations
of teachers in school and in their house became one causing them more
stress.

Because of the studies above, the researcher decided to conduct a

study on the Senior Highschool Teachers of Cabangan National highschool
on the different kinds of stress caused by Modular Learning.

Statement of the problem

This research study was conducted to determine the different kinds of

stress caused by modular learning on the Senior Highschool Teachers of
Cabangan National Highschool during the S.Y. 2020-2021.

This study sought to answer the following questions:

1.) What are the profile of the senior highschool teachers in terms of:
1.1) Gender

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 1.2) Age
1.3) Years in Service
2.) What are the different stresses caused by Modular Learning?
3.) How does the stress from Modular Learning differ from the stress from
the normal face to face class?

Definition of Terms

Modular Learning - It is a type of teaching that was developed during the

pandemic. Teachers will printout modules or booklets containing the
lessons that the students need to learn and hand it out to the parents of
the students.

Corona Virus Disease/COVID-19 – It is a type of infectious disease caused

by coronavirus.

Stress – It is the feeling of uneasiness or confusion when facing changes

in the environment. People who suffers from stress overthinks a lot and
can cause physical and psychological health problems.

Stressors – These are the factors that causes stress.

Teachers – It is a job where a person teaches students certain subjects

like Science, English, and Mathematics

Pandemic – It is an outbreak of a disease.

Workload – number of works that needs to be done.

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 CHAPER 2. METHODOLOGY

Research Method

This research study is quantitative in nature. It means that the data

that will be gathered is in numerical form and will be presented in tables,
charts, graphs, etc.

The researcher will use descriptive - survey as the research design if

this study as it aims to describe the stresses cause by modular learning to
the Senior Highschool Teachers using surveys.

According to Balmeo (2021), descriptive – survey is a type of

descriptive research design that gathers the data needed by the
researcher through the use of surveys. The answer of the respondents will
decide the outcome and the results of this study.

Sampling, Participants, and Locale

The researcher will use convenience sampling technique in choosing

the respondents of this study. It means that the researcher will select
participants that is available at the moment because of the pandemic
caused by Covid-19

The respondents will be given questionnaires to know or determine the

stresses cause by Modular Learning on the Senior Highschool Teachers.

This research study will be conducted in Cabangan National

Highschool, Sta. Rita, Cabangan, Zambales.

Instruments

Survey questionnaires will be used as the research instrument of this

study. These questionnaires will help the researcher gather the needed

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 data in determining the stress caused by modular learning on the Senior
Highschool Teachers.

The research instrument will contain the following parts:

1. Profile of The Respondents

2. How Stressed are you?
3. Other things that caused you stress.
4. Comparing Modular Learning and Normal Face to face Learning.

Validation of Instruments

This research instrument will go through Face validity to ensure the

validity and reliability of the questionnaire. The validator of this research
instrument will be the research teacher of the researcher.

Pilot testing will also be conducted before the distribution of the

instrument.

Data Gathering Procedure

This study will be checked by the research teacher correct errors within
the study. The researcher will then seek the approval to the proper
authorities like the principal of t he school. After this, will now distribute
the questionnaires personally or through messenger or google form.

Ethical Considerations

The researcher will keep any private information about the identity of
the respondents ensured to keep any conflicts or confidentiality. The
researcher will also do his best to avoid any misleading information that
can harm the respondents. Approval of the head or the principal of the
school will be the key so that this study can continue safely and legally.

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 Data Analysis

The statistical treatment will include the following:

1. Weighted Mean

This type of treatment will be used on the second part of the

research instrument to obtain the average scores of the responses of
the participants.

2. T – test (Dependent t – test)

This type of test will determine if there is a difference between
the means of the two groups and will be used on the last part of the
instrument.

The following value will represent or will interpret the measured

variable on the stress levels caused by modular learning.

Numerical Value Point Scale Descriptive Equivalent

4 3.50 – 4 Very Stressed

3 2.50 – 3.49 Stressed

2 1.50 – 2.49 Slightly Stressed

1 0.50 – 1.49 Not at All

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Bibliography

Stress and Your Health. (2021, February 08). Medline Plus.

http://www.medlineplus.gov/ency/article/003211.htm#:~:text=Stress
%20is%20a%20feeling%20of,danger%20or%20meet%20a%20deadli
ne.

Stress: Signs, Symptoms, Management & Prevention. (2021, January 28).

Cleveland Clinic. https://my.clevelandclini.org/health/articles/11874-
stress

Common Causes of Stress & Their Effect on Your Health. (2017, August 03).
WebMD. http://www.webmd.com/balance/guide/causes-of-stress

Wisse,B. , & Sleebos, E. (2015, July). When Change Causes Stress: Effects of
Self-construal and Change Consequences. Journal of Business and
Psychology. 31(2):1-16.

Schulte, P.M. (2014). What is environmental stress? Insights from fish living
in a variable environment. Journal of Experimental Biology. 217: 23-
24.

Teachers Suffer More Stress Than Other Workers, Study Finds. (2019,
September 22). The American Institute of Stress.
http://www.stress.org/teachers-suffer-more-stress-than-other-
workers-study-finds

Ellis,P. (2020, October 19). Teacher Burnout and COVID-19 Stress. HR

Services. https://www.tasb.org/services/hr-services/hrx/hr-
trends/teacher-burnout-and-covid-19-stress.aspx

Walker, T. (2018, May 11). How Many Teachers Are Highly Stressed? Maybe
More Than People Think. NEA News. https://www.nea.org/advocating-for-
change/new-from-nea/how -many-teachers-are-highly-stressed-
maybe-more-people-think
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Balmeo, B.J. (2021). Practical Research 2. Guided Learning Activity Kit.
Quarter 2 – Week 1-4.

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