Republic of the Philippines

BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY

BatStateU Alangilan
Alangilan, Batangas City
College of Engineering, Architecture and Fine Arts
https://batstate-u.edu.ph/​, Tel. No. (043) 425-0139 loc. 118/2121

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Team Sports 
Basketball and Volleyball 
-PHYSICAL EDUCATION 104- 

LESSON I

Introduction

A  team  sport  is  an  activity  in which a group of individuals, on the same team, 

work  together  to  accomplish  an  ultimate  goal  which  is  usually  to  win.  This  can  be 

done  in  a  number  of  ways  such  as  outscoring  the  opposing  team.  Basketball  is  an 

example  of  team  sports  .  This  is  a  game  played  between  two  teams  of  five  players 

each  on a rectangular court, usually indoors. Each team tries to score by tossing the 

ball  through  the  opponent's  goal,  an  elevated  horizontal  hoop  and  net  called  a 

basket.  Unit  I  will  discuss  the  Introduction,  History,  Facilities  and  Equipment, 

Terminologies,  Basic  Elements,  Rules  and  Regulations,  and  Officiating  the  game 

through Hand Signals.  

 Republic of the Philippines
BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
BatStateU Alangilan
Alangilan, Batangas City
College of Engineering, Architecture and Fine Arts
https://batstate-u.edu.ph/​, Tel. No. (043) 425-0139 loc. 118/2121

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Is  a  type  of  indoor  team  sports  which  is  very  popular  all  over  the  world.  As 

few  as  two  players  can  play,  all  they  need  is  a  ball,  basket  and  a  level  surface. 

Basketball requires teamwork, quick reactions and endurance. 

Definitions and Principles of Basketball Game 

■ Basketball is played by two (2) teams of five (5) players each. 

■ The  basket  that  is  attacked  by  a  team  is  the  opponents’  basket  and  the 

basket which is defended by a team is the team’s own basket. 

 
Ball  Movement​:  The  ball  may  be  passed,  thrown,  tapped,  rolled  or dribbled in any 
direction. 
Winner  of  a  Game​:  The  team  that  has  scored  the  greater  number  of  points  at  the 
end  of  playing  time  of  the  fourth  period.  If  necessary  any  extra  period  shall  be  the 
winner of the game. 
 
Basic Principles according to Dr. James Naismith 

■ The game is played with a round ball and with the hands. 

■ A player cannot run with the ball. 

■ Any player can take up any position on the playing court at any time. 

■ There shall be no physical contact between players. 

■ The goal (basket) shall be placed horizontally above the floor of the court. 
 Republic of the Philippines
BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
BatStateU Alangilan
Alangilan, Batangas City
College of Engineering, Architecture and Fine Arts
https://batstate-u.edu.ph/​, Tel. No. (043) 425-0139 loc. 118/2121

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Brief History of Basketball Game 

Dr.  James  Naismith  introduced  Basketball  on  Dec.  21,  1891.  Naismith  is  a  Physical 
Education  Instructor  at  the  school  for  Christian  workers  (Springfield  College)  in 
Massachusetts,  USA.  For  his  new  game  ,  Naismith  decided  to  use  a  soccer  ball 
because  it  was  large  enough  to  catch  easily.  He  then  asked  the  building 
superintendent  for  two boxes to use as goals, the superintendent had no boxes but 
provided  peach  baskets.  The baskets were attached to a gymnasium balcony railing 
3  meters  above  the  floor.  The  first  game  took  place  between  members  of 
Naismith’s physical education class in December 1891-1892. 
 

Terminologies used in Basketball Game 

■ Air ball​: A shot that misses the rim or backboard. 

■ Assist​: A pass to a teammate that results in a made basket 
■ Backboard​: The flat surface directly behind the basket. The basket is 
connected to the backboard. 
■ Basket​: Consists of the rim and the net, also known as a ‘the hoop’. 
■ Basketball​: A round ball made of rubber, leather or synthetic leather. Comes 
in 3 different sizes (size 5, 6 or 7). 
■ Charging:​ An offensive foul, which occurs when an offensive player runs into 
a defender who has established position. 
■ Dead Ball​: Any player with the ball that is not ‘live’. This occurs after each 
successful field goal, free-throw attempt, after any official’s whistle or if the 
ball leaves the court, then play is stopped. 
■ Crossover dribble​: When a ball handler dribbles the ball across their body 
from one hand to the other. 
 Republic of the Philippines
BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
BatStateU Alangilan
Alangilan, Batangas City
College of Engineering, Architecture and Fine Arts
https://batstate-u.edu.ph/​, Tel. No. (043) 425-0139 loc. 118/2121

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■ Defense​: The act of preventing the offense from scoring. 

■ Double Dribble​: The act of dribbling the ball, stopping the dribble or motion 
of the ball and beginning to dribble again. Results in a violation and turnover. 
■ Dribble​: The act of bouncing the ball up and down. The offensive player with 
the ball uses the dribble to move the ball around the court. 
■ Drive​: The movement of an offensive player while aggressively dribbling 
towards the basket in an attempt to score. 
■ Dunk​: A shot in which a jumping player slams the ball down into the 
opponent’s basket from above. 
■ Fastbreak​: The act of moving the ball quickly down court by an offensive 
team in hopes of getting ahead of the defense to score. 
■ Field Goal​: When the ball enters the basket from above the rim during play. 
It is worth two points. 
■ Flagrant Foul​: This is unnecessary or excessive contact against an opponent. 
■ Foul​: Actions by players, which break the rules but are not floor violations. 
They are penalized by a change in possession or free throw opportunities. 
■ Foul Shot or Free Throw​: An unguarded shot taken from the foul line by a 
player whose opponent committed a personal or technical foul, which is 
worth one point. 
■ Free Throw​: The act of shooting the ball from the marked free throw line 
(ranging 10-15 feet from the basket) while the remaining players line up 
down the ‘key’. Shot is taken at the result of a foul or technical foul being 
called. 
■ Goaltending​: Interference with a shot by touching the ball or basket while 
the ball is on, over, or within the rim. Also touching the ball on its downward 
flight to the basket before it hits the rim. 
■ Guarding​: The act of following an opponent around the court to prevent 
them from getting close to the basket, taking an open short or making easy 
passes. 
 Republic of the Philippines
BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
BatStateU Alangilan
Alangilan, Batangas City
College of Engineering, Architecture and Fine Arts
https://batstate-u.edu.ph/​, Tel. No. (043) 425-0139 loc. 118/2121

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■ Half time​: The rest period between two halves of the game. Usually 5 
minutes in length. 
■ Inbounds​: The area within the end lines and sidelines of the court. 
■ Jump shot​: Field-goal attempt by a player with both feet off the floor, 
enabling the player to shoot over the defender 
■ Lay-up or Lay in​: A shot taken after driving to the basket by leaping up 
under the basket and using one hand to shoot the ball off the backboard. 
■ Personal Foul​: Contact between players, which may result in excessive 
physical contact or provide one team with an unfair advantage. Players may 
not push, hold, trip, hack, elbow, restrain or charge into an opponent. These 
are also counted as team fouls. 
■ Pivot​: A center, also the foot that must remain touching the floor until a ball 
handler who has stopped dribbling is ready to pass or shoot. 
■ Possession​: To be holding or in control of the ball. 
■ Rebound​: A term used to describe the actual retrieving of the ball as it 
rebounds from the backboard or the ring after a missed shot. 
■ Referee​: The person(s) assigned to the game to maintain the flow and 
integrity of the game. 
■ Substitute​: A player who comes into the game to replace a player on the 
court. 
■ Technical Foul​: A special violation called at the discretion of the referee 
towards players, coaches or the team. Infractions include an intentional or 
flagrant contact foul, unsportsmanlike conduct or other actions detrimental 
to the spirit of the game. 
■ Throw-in​: The method by which a team with possession inbounds the ball. 
■ Time-ou​t: A period of sixty seconds during which the play is stopped and 
teams discuss strategy and a moment to allow players to rest. 
■ Tip-off​: The initial jump ball that starts the game. 
■ Violation​: An infringement of the rules, which does not involve contact. The 
opposing team is awarded the ball for a throw-in from out of bounds
 Republic of the Philippines
BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
BatStateU Alangilan
Alangilan, Batangas City
College of Engineering, Architecture and Fine Arts
https://batstate-u.edu.ph/​, Tel. No. (043) 425-0139 loc. 118/2121

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LESSON II

Facilities and Equipment 

BASKETBALL COURT

https://unsplash.com/photos/UQpTP-KqYRk

In the National Basketball Association (NBA), the court is ​94 by 50 feet (28.7 by 15.2
m). Under International Basketball Federation (FIBA) rules, the court is slightly smaller,
measuring ​28 by 15 meters ​(91.9 by 49.2 ft​). In amateur basketball, court sizes vary
widely(​https://books.google.com.ph/books?id=0gixJcG9daIC&pg=PA31&dq=Basketball+court+measure
ments&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjd-crI8LjuAhWZc3AKHcoBAJgQuwUwAHoECAQQBw#v=onepage&q
=Basketball%20court%20measurements&f=false​ )
 Republic of the Philippines
BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
BatStateU Alangilan
Alangilan, Batangas City
College of Engineering, Architecture and Fine Arts
https://batstate-u.edu.ph/​, Tel. No. (043) 425-0139 loc. 118/2121

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https://www.harrodsport.com/advice-and-guides/basketball-court-dimensions-markings

Sidelines
The outer edge of the court is denoted by the sidelines, which run the length of
the court. On a full-sized court they measure 28m.

Baseline and endline

The terms baseline and endline both refer to the ends of the court running behind
the goals. Typically they measure 15m.

The use of the different terms depends on the direction a team is playing. Endline
is the term for the end of the court which a team is ​defending​, baseline is the for the
attacking end.
 Republic of the Philippines
BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
BatStateU Alangilan
Alangilan, Batangas City
College of Engineering, Architecture and Fine Arts
https://batstate-u.edu.ph/​, Tel. No. (043) 425-0139 loc. 118/2121

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Mid court

This is the halfway mark on the court and is used to denote the offensive playing
area during a game. On a full-sized court, the mid court line would be 14m from each
endline.

Centre circle
Used for the opening tip off, the centre circle has a 3.6m diameter.

Three point line

The three point lines are the arcs that mark a range boundary from each hoop.
Scoring from outside this line is worth three points. The distance of the line will vary
depending on the level of game, but is typically 6.75m from the basket.

Free throw line

The free throw line, marked 4.6m from the backboard, is the mark at which a
player must stand when shooting free throws.

Free throw circle

The free throw circle is the same size as the centre circle (3.6m in diameter).
Shooters must stay inside this circle when taking a free throw. The circle is also used for
jump balls.

Free throw lane lines/key

Lane lines run from the free throw line to the baseline, to form the 'key'. The
shape and width can vary depending on the level of the game, but FIBA (International
Basketball Federation) regulation changes in 2010 set it as a 4.9m by 5.8m rectangle.
Some also include space markings to keep opposing players from obstructing the free
throw shooter.
 Republic of the Philippines
BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
BatStateU Alangilan
Alangilan, Batangas City
College of Engineering, Architecture and Fine Arts
https://batstate-u.edu.ph/​, Tel. No. (043) 425-0139 loc. 118/2121

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BACKBOARD, GOALS AND NET

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Backboard dimensions are 1.8m x 1.22m, with a minimum thickness of 19mm.

Backboards can be made of either timber or transparent material and must be fitted with
padding at all levels above U16. Backboard line markings should be 50mm in width and
either black or white, depending on the material of the board. The inner rectangle
should measure 0.45m x 0.59m.
 Republic of the Philippines
BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
BatStateU Alangilan
Alangilan, Batangas City
College of Engineering, Architecture and Fine Arts
https://batstate-u.edu.ph/​, Tel. No. (043) 425-0139 loc. 118/2121

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Goals
The basketball goal (also known as a ring or hoop) is typically 18 inches (45.72cm) in
diameter and must be positioned 3.05m from the floor.

Nets ​are typically white and suspended from the ring. They should be no shorter than
45cm.
 Republic of the Philippines
BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
BatStateU Alangilan
Alangilan, Batangas City
College of Engineering, Architecture and Fine Arts
https://batstate-u.edu.ph/​, Tel. No. (043) 425-0139 loc. 118/2121

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BASKETBALL

Official sized ​basketballs​ measure 29.5” in circumference and have a ​standard​ weight
of 22 oz. ​Size​ 7 ​basketballs​ are the ​standard ball size​ for most men's professional
basketball​ associations, as well as men's college and high school ​basketball​ leagues.
 Republic of the Philippines
BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
BatStateU Alangilan
Alangilan, Batangas City
College of Engineering, Architecture and Fine Arts
https://batstate-u.edu.ph/​, Tel. No. (043) 425-0139 loc. 118/2121

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Size Circumference Weight Recommended For

Size 7 29.5" 22 oz Men and boys ages 15 and up. This is the
official size for high school, college, and the
pros.

Size 6 28.5" 20 oz Boys ages 12-14. Girls and women ages 12

and up. This is the official size for women’s high
school, college, and pro basketball.

Size 5 27.5" 17 oz Boys and girls ages 9-11 years old. This is the
standard youth basketball you find in most
stores.

Size 4 25.5" 14 oz Boys and girls ages 5-8 years old.

Size 3 22" 10 oz Boys and girls ages 4-8 years old. Also known
as "mini" basketball.

Size 1 16" 8 oz Boys and girls ages 2-4 year olds. Also known
as "micro-mini" basketball.

Nerf 9-20" 1-5 oz Great for toddlers 0-4 years old. And fun for
Toy young hearted adults too!
https://www.breakthroughbasketball.com/basketballs/size-chart.html
 Republic of the Philippines
BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
BatStateU Alangilan
Alangilan, Batangas City
College of Engineering, Architecture and Fine Arts
https://batstate-u.edu.ph/​, Tel. No. (043) 425-0139 loc. 118/2121

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GAME CLOCK

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The  ‘shot  clock’  shall  refer  to  the  timing  device  that  displays  a  countdown  of  the 
time  within  which  the  team  possessing  the  ball  must attempt a field goal.  The shot 
clock  shall  start  at  24  seconds  unless  otherwise  provided  in  Rule  7.  The  shot  clock 
shall  be  displayed  in  seconds,  except  tenths  of  seconds  will  also  be  displayed once 
the shot clock reaches 4.9 seconds. ( ​https://official.nba.com/rule-no-7-24-second-clock/​)