D- THE PAST PERFECT:

(Quá khứ hoàn thành)

(+) S had P II ( Ved3)
(-) S had not P II ( Ved3)
(?) Had P II ( Ved3) ?
1 - Nhấn mạnh một hành động hoàn thành trước một thời điểm trong quá khứ : by/ before
+ thời gian trong quá khứ: eg: by the end of last month, before 9 p.m yesterday
Eg. I had finished my work before 9 pm yesterday

2. Hai hành động xảy ra trong quá khứ : hành động nào xảy ra trước, hoàn thành trước
sử dụng QKHT hành động xảy ra sau QKĐ
- Before S + Ved, , S + had + Pii
-By the time S + Ved , S + had + Pii
- When S +Ved, S + had (already/just)+ Pii
- After S + had + Pii , S + Ved
Eg. My parents had already eaten by the time I got home.

3. S + remembered/ found/ recognized/ released .. that S had Pii

Eg. I remembered that I had left my key home

4. NOTES : Những dấu hiệu , trạng từ sử dụng cho thì HTHT : just , already , never, ever, (not)… yet,
for, since
thì đi với QKHT nhưng tình huống phải ở trong QK
eg. He wasn't at home. He had just gone out. (# He isn't at home. He has just gone out)
eg. This was the first time I had seen her. ( # This is the first time I have seen her)

Give the right form of the verbs in brackets : simple past or past perfect.
1. He ……………… already (go) ……………… before I (come) ……………… there.
2. After my sister (wash) ……………… her clothes, she (begin) ……………… to study.
3. Bill (work) ……………… at the University for 40 years before he (retire) ……………….
4. Mary (not go) …………… to the film with us yesterday evening. She (see) ………… it
before.
5. They (go) ……………… home after they (finish) ……………… their work.
6. When we (come) ……………… to the stadium, the match (already begin) ……………….
7. They found that they ( not lock) ......................the door before leaving home.
8. It was the first time I (ever see) ……………… such a beautiful girl.
9. By the time he arrived at the bus- stop, the bus ( leave) ...................................
10. He came home late. His wife and his children ( go) ........................to bed.
11. The boy told me that he ...................... (lose) his train ticket and ............................... (not/ know)
how he would get home.
12. I was just about to leave when I remembered my briefcase ..................................( be stolen)
13. When I ...........................(walk) into the station I found that the train ............................. (leave).
14. At the conference, scientists reported that they ................................ (find) a cure for Malaria.
15 In a surprise move, the Prime Minister ..............................................(resign) last night.
16. Jane didn't want any dinner. She ................................................. (eat) already.
17. After they ............................................... (eat) all the food, they .............................. (pick) up
their bags and left.
18. I thought I would get to the restaurant first, but Jim ......................................... (arrive) before me.
E- THE PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS
Nhấn mạnh tính liên tục của hành động trong quá khứ (Since , for )
- Thường được dùng với những động từ như : lie, wait, sit, stand, study, learn, live, rest,
stay…
Eg: How long had you been waiting me when I came?
NOTES : khi có tình huống ( Trạng thái còn lưu lại ở trong quá khứ) :
S was/ were / felt/ seemed/ sounded/ + adj ( red, exhausted/ tired/ soaked…….). S had
been Ving

Eg. I were tired. I had been working for 2 hours (#Eg. I am tired. I have been working for
2 hours)

F- THE PAST CONTINUOUS : S was/ were + Ving

1. Hành động đang xảy ra tại 1 thời điểm xác định trong q/khứ.
What were you doing at 8.00 last night ? I was watching television .
At + mốc thời gian xác định trong quá khứ eg. at 7 pm yesterday, last Sunday
Vd: At this time last week, at this time yesterday……………………………………………
2. 2 hành động trong quá khứ : 1 hành đông đang xảy ra ( QKTD), hành động khác xen
vào (QKĐ)
He was making some coffee when we arrived .
- Khi có when, as hành động đang xảy ra ( QKTD), hành động khác xen vào (QKĐ) , while (
QKTD)

Give the right form of the verbs in brackets: the simple past or past continuous.
1. Mary (burn) ……………… her hand when she (cook) ……………… the dinner.
2. While we (cross) ……………… the street, the policeman (shout) ……………… at us.
3. While I (walk) ……………… around the park, I (see) ……………… Mr. Smith.
4. What ……………… you (do) ……………… at 6 p.m yesterday?
5. ……………… you (watch) ……………… TV when I (phone) ……………… you?
6. We (not go) ……………… out because it (rain) ……………….
7. The bell (ring) ……………… while I (take) ……………… a bath.
8. John ( take) ................................... an exam at this time last week
9. When I (stop) …………… at her house this morning, she (sleep) ………………
10. When I (hear) .............. the shout, I immediately( open)......................... the window.

……………………………………………………
TEST 2
Choose the best option
1. As you ________ your car at the moment, can I borrow it?
a. don't use b. didn't use c. aren't using d. haven't used
2. When she saw a snake at her feet, she ________.
a. screamed b. was screaming c. had screamed d. screams
3. When he realised that I ________ at him, he ________ away.
a. looked - was turning b. was looking - turned
c. was looking - was turning d. looked - turned
4. I ___ the new Harry Potter book now, so you can borrow my copy if you like.
a. finish b. am finishing c. have finished d. had finished
5. I was sure that I ________ him before.
a. met b. had met c. have met d. was meeting
6. Before I started the car, all of the passengers ________ their seat belts.
a. will buckle b. had buckled c. was buckling d. have buckled
7. The minute I got the news about Sue I ________ my parents.
a. phoned b. was phoning c. had phoned d. have phoned
8. A lot ________ since I last ________ you.
a. happened - saw b. happened - have seen c. has happened - saw d. has happened - have
seen
9. Your eyes are red - ________?
 a. did you cry b. have you been crying c. have you cried d. do you cry
10. A small stone struck the windshield while we _______ down the gravel road.
a. drive b. were driving c. had driven d. had been driving
11. After Jessica ____ her degree, she intends to work in her father's company.
a. will finish b. finishes c. finished d. is finishing
12. After she ________ hospital, she had a long holiday.
a. leaves b. is leaving c. had left d. has left
13. ________ for a long time before you got a job?
a. Were you looking b. Have you looked c. Have you been looking d. Had you looked
14. The film _______ by the time we ________ to the cinema.
a. already began - got b. have already begun - got
c. had already begun - got d. already began - had got
16 . Robert ______ in three important water polo games so far.
A. had played B. is playing C. has played D. played
17. Many people ______ homeless after the earthquake in Haiti a few months ago.
A. become B . will become C. became D. are becoming
18. We first ______ each other in London in 2006.
A. meet B. have met C. met D. had met
19 . As soon as I saw the advertisement, I________ the house agent.
A. phone B. phoned C. have phoned D. had phoned
20. At present, the new director________ to foster a culture of open communication within the
company.
A. is trying B. was trying C. tries D. tried
21. She __________school when she was six.
A. start B. started C. has started D. are starting
22. I. __________TV when the telephone rang.
A. watched B. was watching C. are watching D. have watched
23. He was writing to his friend when he __________a noise.
A. was hearing B. heard C. had heard D. hears
24. I __________many people since I came here in June.
A. met B. has met C. was meeting D. have met
25. We __________ maths at this time last week.
A. were learning B. are learning C. was learning D. learnt
26. She was playing games while he __________a football match.
A. watched B. watches C. was watching D. watching
Choose the underlined part among A, B,C or D that needs correcting.
27. Before the 1920s, no women have voted in national elections in the US.
A B C D
28. What did you do at 9 o'clock last night? I phoned you but nobody answered.
A B C D
29. When I arrived at the station, the train has already left.
A B C D
30. She has disappeared three days ago, and they are still looking for her now.
A B C D
31. It’s the first time I saw this film
A B C D
32. When I will meet John tomorrow, I will give him your gift
A B C D
Choose one sentence that best rewrites the sentence given.
33. They last visited me five years ago.
A. They haven't visited me for a long time. C. I haven't been visited for a long time.
B. They have known me for five years. D. They haven't visited me for five years.
34. Mike turned off the light, then he went to bed.
A. Before Mike went to bed, he had turned off the light.
B. Before Mike turned off the light, he had gone to bed.
C. After Mike had gone to bed, he turned off the light.
D. Mike turned off the light as soon as he had gone to bed.
35. I haven't visited the museum for three months.
A. It is three months since I have visited the museum. B. I didn't visit the museum three months
ago.
C. The last time I had visited the museum was three months ago.
D. It is three months since I visited the museum.
36. "John began playing the piano 10 years ago"
A.John played the piano 10 years ago. C. John has played the piano for 10 years.
B.John used to play the piano 10 years ago. D. John doesn't play the piano anymore
37. She started working as a teacher of English ten years ago.
A. She had worked with a teacher of English for ten years.
B. She has worked with a teacher of English for ten years.
C. She had been working as a teacher of English for ten years.
D. She has been working as a teacher of English for ten years
38. The last time I saw her was a week ago. .
A.I haven't seen her for a week. C. I haven't seen her since a week.
B.I have seen her for a week. D. I have seen her since a week.
39. It’s a long time since we last went to the cinema.
A. We have been to the cinema for a long time. B. We haven’t been to the cinema for a long
time.
C. We don’t go to the cinema as we used to. D. We wish we went to the cinema now.
40. The last time I saw Rose was three years ago.
A. I didn’t see Rose for three years. B. I haven’t seen Rose three years ago.
C. I haven’t seen Rose since three years. D. I haven’t seen Rose for three years

G-
1. Dùng để diễn tả một hành động có thể xảy ra trong tương lai
thường được quyết định tại thời điểm nói
eg. The phone is ringing. I will answer it
2. Dùng để diễn tả sự mong đợi, hi vọng, tiên đoán( mang tính
The simple future (Tương lai đơn) chất chủ quan)
(+) S will/ shall V ( We/ I + shall) think/ believe/ hope/ expect/ be sure/ probably/ possibly/
(-) S will not ( won't)/ shall not ( maybe/ perhaps….
shan't) V eg. I hope you all pass the exams
Will/ Shall S V? - Someday, tomorrow, next + time, soon…
3. Dùng để đưa ra đề nghị , yêu cầu, mời mọc
eg. Shall we go out? Will you open the door?
: 4. Kết hợp với các mệnh đề trạng ngữ ở thì hiện tại
eg. When summer comes, we will go camping

1. Diễn tả hành động chắc chắn xảy ra trong tương lai luôn có
kế hoạch, dự định từ trước, quyết định làm gì.
Eg.
- We are going to hold a party next week
. The near future ( Tương lai gần)
- I have decided. I am going to study abroad.
( BE GOING TO)
(+) S is/ am/are going to V
2. Ý định sắp sửa làm:
(-) S is/ am/are going not to V
eg. - Why are you filling bucket with water?
(?) is/ am/are S going to V?
- I an going to wash the car.
3. Tiên đoán một hành động chắc chắn xảy ra vì có bằng
chứng( mang tính chất khách quan).
- Look! It is going to rain
- It is 420C. It is going to be hot.
- I am tired. I think I am going to be ill.

I - Present - Future
1 . Before you ......................... (leave), don’t forget to shut the windows.
2. I ......................... (phone) you as soon as I ......................... (arrive) in London.
 3. Please don’t touch anything before the police ......................... (come).
4. When you ......................... (see) Brian again, you ......................... (not/recognise) him.
5. We .... (not/start) dinner until Jack ....... (arrive).
6. We ( visit ) you as soon as we ( arrive ) in Hanoi tomorrow
7. When I ( get ) money next week , I ( send ) you immediately .
8. I’ll give him this parcel when he ( return)............................. here next week.
9. . I (wait) for her until she (finish) ____ the examination.
11. As soon as I have done my own, I ( help) .......................................you do home work.
12. Before the head teacher (get) ..................................... , I'll give guests their guests their tea.
13. Can you look after the children while I ( be) ....................... out.
14. Who _________ ( look) after the children when you (be)____________ away?
15. Don't try that restaurant. I'm sure you( not like).........................................it.

II- be going to, be - Ving , will - V

1. A: I don't feel well enough to go to the station to meet him.
B: I _______________ (meet) for you
2. Where are you going? I ____ (visit ) a customer.
3. We (have) .......................................................a party next Saturday. Would you like to come?
4. Do you want me to help you? No thanks. John ______ ( help )me.
5. Would you prefer tea or coffee? I ______ ( have ) some coffee, please
6. Would you like to come to my house for dinner and talk about this? Good idea. I ______( bring )
some wine.
7. I've already decided. I ______ ( buy ) a new car
8. What are your plans for next week? I ______ ( fly ) to New York on business.
9. Why are you wearing your best suit? I ____ (_ have ) lunch with my biggest
customer.
10. We need some more ink for the printer. I ______ ( go ) to the shop and get
some.
11. I am sorry I can't come to dinner on Sunday. - I ( meet) .............................. Tim.
12. Look at that car. It........................................................(hit) the tree.
13. It's already 32 C. It (be) ...................................... very hot today.
14. I ( not use) ............................................the car this evening, so you can come have it.
15. Oh, your luggage is ready now. what time you ( leave)........................................?
16. Mary ( come)..................................... to see us tomorrow. She ( travel).................................... by
train and her train arrives at 10.15. I ( meet)I .................................................. her at the station .
17. I've bought a present for Mary. Do you think she ( like) .........................................it?
18. Next week I ( be) ........................................18 years old.
19. Maybe, he ( return) ......................................... to London.
20.- I don't know how to you the camera. - Oh, it's easy. I ( show)...........................................you.
21. What would you like to eat? I ( have) .................................... a sandwich, please.
22. - I have decided to repaint this room. Oh, have you? What colour ............... (paint) you
.................. it?
23. I feel really tired. I think I ______ ( go ) to bed.
24. The teacher hopes we ____________ (pass) our exam.