11.

Problems on Measurement

We use the units metre, gram and litre every day to measure length, mass and capacity
respectively. While shopping, we use the units rupees and paise. We use units like days,
hours and minutes to measure time. Let us see how to carry out basic operations like
addition, subtraction, multiplication and division using these units of measurement.
Example (1) Add. Example (2) Subtract.
37 km 250 m + 15 km 950 m 7 l 150 ml   – 2 l 500 ml

km m l ml
11 6 1150
37 250 250 + 950 = 1200
+ 7 150 We cannot subtract
15 950 1200 m –
2 500 500 ml from 150 ml.
= 1 km + 200 m
53 200 Convert 1 l into 1000 ml.

4 650
53 km 200 m
4 l 650 ml

Problem Set 46

1. Add :
(1) `   9, 50 paise + `   14, 60 paise (2) 6 cm 5 mm + 7 cm 9 mm
(3) 22 m 50 cm + 25 m 75 cm (4) 15 km 740 m + 13 km 950 m
(5) 25 kg 650 g + 29 kg 770 g (6) 19 l 840 ml + 25 l 250 ml

2. Subtract :
(1) `   19, 50 paise - `   12, 60 paise (2) 24 cm 2 mm - 3 cm 8 mm
(3) 20 m 30 cm - 17 m 60 cm (4) 40 km 255 m - 17 km 960 m
(5) 35 kg 150 g - 26 kg 470 g (6) 46 l 200 ml - 38 l 750 ml
p Word problems
Study the following examples.

Example (1) If a shopkeeper has 150 kg 500 g kg gm

of rice and sells 75 kg 750 g, how much rice will
149 1500
be left ?
150 500
–
75 750
74 kg 750 g of rice is left.
74 750
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 Example (2) A can of milk has 20 l 450 ml of l ml
milk. Another can has 18 l 800 ml. How much milk
1
is there in the two cans altogether ?
20 450
The total quantity of milk is 39 l 250 ml. + 18 800

39 250

Example (3) At a speed of 90 km per hour, what distance will a train cover
in two and a half hours ?
The speed of the train is 90 kmph. That is, it travels 90 km in one hour. It travels 90
more km in the second hour.
In the next half an hour, 90 ÷ 2 = 45 km
The total distance travelled is 90 + 90 + 45 = 225 km.

Example (4) If one dress requires 3 m 25 cm of cloth, how much do 4 dresses need ?

Manju’s 3 m 25 cm for the 1st dress Kunal’s method :

method: + m cm
3 m 25 cm for the 2nd dress
+ 3 25
3 m 25 cm for the 3rd dress
× 4
+ 3 m 25 cm for the 4th dress
12 100
12 m 100 cm
12 m 100 cm = 13 m
1 m is 100 cm, therefore 12 + 1 = 13 m

Example (5) If a wire that is 9 m 50 cm long is cut into pieces of 5 cm each,

how many pieces will be made ? 190
9 m 50 cm = (900 + 50) cm ) 950
5
–
To find out how many pieces of 5 cm can be 5
made from a wire 950 cm long, let us use division. 45
–
45
190 pieces will be made.
000
–
0
0
Example (6) A play started at 30 minutes past 6 in the evening and
finished two and three quarter hours later. What time did the play get over ?
Hr Min
6 30 75 min = 60 min + 15 min
+ = 1 hr + 15 min
2 45
8 75 8 hr + 1 hr 15 min = 9 hr 15 min
The play got over at 15 minutes past 9 at night.

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 Note : The units for length, mass and capacity are written in decimal form. This makes
it easy to carry out addition and subtraction of length, mass and capacity.
Units of measuring time are not in decimal form. It is a little more difficult to carry out
additions and subtractions of those quantities.

Problem Set 47

1. For his birthday, Ajay gave 20 l 9. If one shirt needs 2 m 50 cm of cloth,
450 ml of milk to the children in an how much cloth do we need for
Ashramshala and 28 l 800 ml to the 5 shirts ?
children in an orphanage. How much 10. If a car travels 60 km in an hour, how
milk did Ajay donate ? far will it travel in
2. Under the Rural Cleanliness Mission, (1) 2 hours ?
college students cleaned 1 km 750 (2) 15 minutes ?
m of a village road that is 2 km 575 (3) half an hour ?
m long. How much remained to be
(4) three and a half hours ?
cleaned?
11. If one gold bangle is made from
3. Babhulgaon used 21,250 litres of
12 grams 250 milligrams of gold, how
treated waste water in the fields. much gold will be needed to make
Samvatsar used 31,350 litres of similar 8 such bangles ? (1000 mg = 1 g)
water. How much treated waste water
was used in all ? 12. How many pouches of 20 g cloves
each can be made from 1 kg 240 g of
4. If half a litre of milk costs 22 rupees, cloves ?
how much will 7 litres cost ?
13. Seema’s mother bought 2 m 70 cm of
5. If the speed of a motorcycle is 40 km cloth for a kurta and 2 m 40 cm for a
per hour, how far will it travel in an shirt. How much cloth did she buy in
hour and a quarter ? all ?
6. If a man walks at a speed of 4 kmph, 14. A water tank holds 125 l of water. If
how long will it take him to walk 97 l 500 ml of the water is used, how
3 km ? much water remains in the tank ?
7. If a rickshaw travels at a speed of 15. Harminder bought 57 kg 500  g of
30 kmph, how far will it travel in wheat from one shop and 36  kg
three quarters of an hour ? 800 g of wheat from another shop.
How much wheat did he buy
8. During Cleanliness Week, children
altogether ?
cleaned the public park in their town.
They collected three quarter kilograms 16. Renu took part in a 100 m race. She
of plastic bags and five and a half tripped and fell after running 80 m
kilograms of other garbage. How 50 cm. How much distance did she
much garbage did they collect in all ? have left to run ?

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17. A sack had 40  kg 300  grams of 19. Suresh bought 3 kg 250 g of tomatoes,
vegetables. There were 17 kg 700 g 2 kg 500 g of peas and 1 kg 750 g of
potatoes, 13 kg 400  g cabbage and cauliflower. How much was the total
the rest were onions. What was the weight of the vegetables he bought ?
weight of the onions ?
20. Jalgaon, Bhusawal, Akola, Amravati
18. One day, Gurminder Singh walked and Nagpur lie serially on a certain
3 km 750  m and Parminder Singh route. The distances between Akola
walked 2  km 825  m. Who walked and these other places are given below.
farther and by how much ? Use them to make word problems and
solve the problems.
Amravati  -  95 km, Bhusawal  -  154 km,
Nagpur - 249 km, Jalgaon - 181 km

21. Complete the following table and prepare the total bill.

Foodstuff Weight (kg) Rate ( ` per kg) Cost

Sugar 2.5 32
Rice 4.0 35
Chana Dal 1.5 60
Toor Dal 3.0 70
Wheat 7.0 21
Oil 1.5 110
Total

Activity
l
You have 1 kg of potatoes. Find out which other ingredients you will need to make
potato vadas and approximately how much of each ingredient you will need. Also
find out approximately how much each ingredient will cost and how many vadas
you will be able to make.
l Fix a 1 m long stick in an open field. Measure the shadow of the stick at 9:00 in the
morning, at 12:00 noon, at 3:00 in the afternoon and at 5:00 in the evening. Observe
at which time of the day the shadow is shortest and at what time, it is longest.
l Measure the length of a pen refill.

FFF

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