Network Engineering – Installing and Upgrading Windows 2000 1

Installing Windows 2000

Preparing for Installation

 Determining Which Operating System to Use

 Identifying System Requirements

 Determining Disk Partition Options

 Determining Which File System to Select

 Determining Which Licensing Mode to Select

 Determining Whether to Join a Workgroup or Domain

 Completing a Pre-installation Checklist

Installing Windows 2000 requires a certain amount of preparation. When you run the Windows 2000
Setup program, you need to provide information about how to install and configure the operating
system. Thorough preparation helps you to avoid problems during installation and to trouble shoot
problems after installation. An understanding of the available configuration options also helps to
ensure that you have a property configured operating system.

Determining Which Operating System to Use

Understanding the capabilities of each of the Microsoft Windows 2000 operating systems will enable
you to select the best product to meet the current and future needs of your organization.

The following table describes the operating systems that are included in the Windows 2000 suite.

Operating system Description Examples of when to use

Windows 2000 Professional Replaces Microsoft Windows 95, This version is the desktop
Microsoft Windows 98, and operating system for businesses
Microsoft Windows NT® of all sizes.
Workstation version 4.0 in a
business environment.

Windows 2000 Server Contains all of the features This version is ideal for file and
found in Windows 2000 print servers, Web servers, and
Professional and provides workgroups. It also provides
services that simplify network improved network access for

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Network Engineering – Installing and Upgrading Windows 2000 2

management. In addition, branch offices.

Windows 2000 Server includes
Terminal Services.

Windows 2000 Advanced Server Contains all of the features in This version is designed for
Microsoft Windows 2000 Server servers used in a large
and provides increased enterprise network, and
scalability and system database-intensive work.
availability. In addition,
Windows 2000 Advanced Server
includes the Windows Clustering
and Load balancing.

Windows 2000 Datacenter Contains all of the features in This version is designed for large
Server Microsoft Windows 2000 data warehouses, online
Advanced Server and supports transaction processing (OLTP),
more memory and more CPUs large- scale simulations, and
per computer. This version of server consolidation projects.
Windows 2000 is the most
powerful server operating
system in the Windows 2000
suite.

Identifying System Requirements

The following table lists the system requirements (sometimes known as hardware requirements) for
Windows 2000.

Component Windows 2000 Professional Windows 2000 Server

requirements requirements

CPU Pentium 133-megahertz (MHz) or higher microprocessor (or

equivalent compatible)

Windows 2000 Professional supports up to 2 processors.

Windows 2000 Server supports up to 4 processors.
Windows 2000 Advanced Server supports up to 8 processors.
Windows 2000 Datacenter supports up to 16 processors.

Memory 64 megabytes (MB) 256 MB recommended minimum

recommended minimum. More (128 MB supported).
memory generally improves

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Network Engineering – Installing and Upgrading Windows 2000 3

responsiveness. Server: 4 GB maximum

Advances Server: 8 GB
4 gigabytes (GB) maximum maximum

Display Video graphics array (VGA) resolution or higher resolution monitor

Accessories Keyboard and mouse or other pointing device

For CD-ROM installation CD-ROM drive, 12x or faster recommended

If the computer does not support starting the Setup program from
a compact disc, a high-density 3.5-inch disk is also required.

For network installation One or more Windows 2000-compatible network adapter cards and
related cables.

Before you install Windows 2000, verify that your hardware is on the Windows 2000 Hardware
Compatibility List (HCL). Microsoft provides tested drivers for only those devices that are listed on the
Windows 2000 HCL. Using hardware that is not listed on the HCL may cause problems during and after
installation. For a copy of the HCL, see the Hcl.txt file in the Support folder on the Windows 2000
compact disc.

For the most recent version of the HCL, see the Microsoft Windows Hardware Compatibility List Web
site at http://www.microsoft.com/hwtest/hcl.

In addition, for more information about system requirements see the Windows 2000 Product Guide
Web site at http://www.microsoft.com/windows2000/guide

Important Microsoft supports only those devices that are listed on the HCL. If you have hardware
that is not on this list, contact the hardware manufacturer to determine if there is a manufacturer-
supported driver for the component that is Windows 2000 compliant.

Determining Disk Partition Options

Disk partitioning is a way of dividing your physical disk so that each section functions as a separate
unit. When you create partitions on a disk, you divide the disk into one or more areas that can be
formatted for use by a file system, such as File allocated table (FAT) or the NTFS file system.

When you are performing a new installation from a compact disc, the Setup program examines the
hard disk to determine its existing configuration, and offers the following options:

 A new partition on an unpartitioned hard disk. If the hard disk is unpartitioned, you can create
and size the Windows 2000 partition.

 A new partition on a partitioned hard disk. If the hard disk is partitioned, but has enough
unpartitioned disk space, you can create the Windows 2000 partition in the unpartitioned
space.

 Install on existing partition. If the hard disk has an existing partition that is large enough, you
can install Windows 2000 on that partition. If there is an operating system on an existing
partition, performing a new installation overwrites that operating system.

 Delete existing partition. If the hard disk has an existing partition, you can delete it to create
more unpartitioned disk space for the Windows 2000 partition. Deleting an existing partition
also erases any data on that partition.

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Network Engineering – Installing and Upgrading Windows 2000 4

If you select a new partition during Setup, create and size only the partition on which you will install
Windows 2000- After you install Windows 2000, use Disk Management to partition remaining space on
the hard disk.

Note Disk Management is a system utility for managing hard disks and the volumes, or partitions,
that they contain. For more information about disk management, see module 12, "Configuring and
Managing Disks," in course 2152B, Implementing Microsoft Windows 2000 Professional and Server.

Determining Which File System to Select

After you create the partition on which you will install Windows 2000, Setup allows you to select the
file system with which to format the partition. Windows 2000 supports the NTFS, FAT, and FAT 32 file
systems.

NTFS

NTFS is the recommended file system for Windows 2000. Use NTFS for partitions that require:

 File- and folder-level security. NTFS allows you to control access to files and folders.

 File compression. NTFS compresses files to create more storage space.

 Disk quotas. NTFS allows you to control disk usage on a per-user basis.

 File encryption. NTFS allows you to transparently encrypt file data.

Windows 2000 and Windows NT are the only operating systems that can access data on a local hard
disk that is formatted with NTFS.

FAT and FAT32

Normally, you would not format the partition on which Windows 2000 resides with FAT or FAT32
unless you require a dual boot configuration.

Note A dual boot configuration allows you to choose between two or more operating systems each
time you restart the computer. When the operating system starts, a display appears for a specified
number of seconds, allowing you to select between the operating systems.

The FAT file system does not support partitions larger than 2 GB. If you attempt to format a partition
larger than 2 GB with FAT, Setup automatically formats the partition with FAT32.

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Network Engineering – Installing and Upgrading Windows 2000 5

Determining Which Licensing Mode to Select

When you install Windows 2000 Advanced Server, you need a Client Access License (CAL) for each
client computer that connects to the server in addition to the license that is required to install and run
Windows 2000. You can select either Per Seat or Per Server licensing modes.

 Per Seat. Requires a separate CAL for each client computer that accesses a Windows 2000
Advanced Server, With one CAL, a client computer can connect to any number of computers
running Windows 2000 Advanced Server. Organizations with more than one server running
Windows 2000 Advanced Server commonly use Per Seat licensing mode.

 Per Server. Requires a CAL for each concurrent connection to the server. This means that at
any given time, a server running Windows 2000 Advanced Server supports a fixed number of
connections. This option is preferred for organizations whose users will not always be connected
to a server.

Important If you are unsure which mode to use, choose Per Server because you can change from Per
Server to Per Seat once at no cost. You cannot convert from Per Seat to Per Server.

CALs are not required for:

 Anonymous access to a computer running Windows 2000 Advanced Server with Internet
Information Services (US) or another Web server application.

 Telnet and File Transfer Protocol (FTP) connections.

When you install Windows 2000 Professional, licensing for the operating system is accomplished by
entering the Product ID found on the packaging material.

Determining Whether to Join a Workgroup or Domain

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Network Engineering – Installing and Upgrading Windows 2000 6

When you install Windows 2000 you need to have the computer join either a workgroup or a domain.
You must provide the name of the workgroup or domain during the installation.

Workgroup

A workgroup is a small group of networked computers that work together and where centralized
administration is not required.

A workgroup has the following characteristics:

 Resources, administration, and authentication of users are performed on each computer in the
workgroup.

 Each computer has its own local Security Accounts Manager (SAM) database, which is the local
security accounts database. A user must have a user account on each computer to which she or
he wants to gain access.

 There are 10 or fewer computers. These can be computers running one of the Windows 2000
server products, but each has its own SAM. Workgroups become more difficult to manage when
there are more than 10 computers. In addition, the number of simultaneous connections a
computer running Windows 2000 Professional can have is 10.

In Windows 2000, a domain is a logical grouping of networked computers that share a common
security database for storing security information. Security and centralized administration are
important for computers in a domain.

Characteristics of the Domain

A domain has the following characteristics:

Resources, administration, and authentication of users are centralized.

 There is only one directory database in Windows 2000 that stores all of the user accounts for
the domain. This database is called the Active Directory™ directory service. A user needs only
one domain user account in Active Directory to gain access to all shared network resources in
the domain.

 Domains are scalable. They can easily support a small group of computers to several thousand
computers.

User and Computer Accounts Required When Joining a Domain

In a Windows 2000 domain, each computer in the domains as a computer account. When a computer
joins a domain the appropriate user and computer account must exist. To join a domain:

 You must have a user account that exists in Active Directory. This does not need to be the
domain Administrator account, but any domain user account.

 The computer must have either:

 An existing computer account in the Active Directory database of the domain that the
computer is joining. You must use a computer name that matches the computer name listed
in Active Directory.

 A computer account created in the Active Directory database during the installation by a
user with the ability to create a domain computer account. By default, any domain user
account can create up to 10 computer accounts.

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Network Engineering – Installing and Upgrading Windows 2000 7

Completing a Pre-installation Checklist

Before you install Windows 2000, complete the following pre-installation tasks:

 Select which Windows 2000 operating system to install.

 Verify that all of your hardware appears on the HCL.

 Verify that your computers meet the minimum system requirements. For more information
about system requirements, see the Windows 2000 Product Guide Web site at
http://www.microsoft.com/windows2000/guide

 Verify that the hard disk on which you will install Windows 2000 has at least 2 GB of hard disk
space with the recommended minimum amount of free disk space (650 MB for Windows 2000
Professional and 850 MB for Windows 2000 Advanced Server).

 Select the file system for the partition on which you will install Windows 2000. Unless you need
a dual boot configuration, format this partition with NTFS.

 If installing Windows 2000 Advanced Server, determine whether to use the Per Server or Per
Seat licensing mode. If you select the Per Server licensing mode, verify the number of CALs
that were purchased for the server.

 Determine the name of the domain or workgroup that you will Join or create. If you will be
joining a domain, enter the server name and domain name. If you will be joining a workgroup,
enter the workgroup name.

 Verily that a computer account exists in the domain that you are joining or that you have the
ability to create an account during installation.

 Decide on a password for the Administrator account for the local computer that will be created
during installation.

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Network Engineering – Installing and Upgrading Windows 2000 8

Installing Windows 2000 Professional from a Compact Disc

You want to ensure that Windows 2000 is successfully installed on client computers so that users are
able to focus on their work and not on operating system problems. To install Windows 2000
Professional from a compact disc, you start the computer from the compact disc or Setup disks, run
the Setup program, complete the Setup wizard, and then configure network settings for a workgroup.

Running the Setup Program

The first part of the Setup program is text based. To run the Setup program, perform the following
tasks:

1. Start the computer from the compact disc or the Setup disks (if you do not have a bootable
CD-ROM drive), and insert the additional Setup disks when prompted.

Note To create the Setup disks, run the Makeboot.exe program from another computer running
Windows 2000. Makeboot.exe is located in the Boot disk folder on the Windows 2000 compact disc. To
create a Setup disk, click Start, click Run, type makeboot a: in the Open box, and then click
OK.

2. Select to install a new copy of Windows 2000.

3. Read and accept the licensing agreement.

4. Select the partition on which to install Windows 2000.

5. Select a file system for the new partition. If installing the operating system on an existing FAT
or FAT 32 partition, you can specify whether you want to convert the partition to NTFS.

Completing the Setup Wizard

After running the text-based portion of the Setup program, complete the Setup wizard by performing
the following steps:

1. Change regional settings, if necessary.

Setting Description

Current System Locale

Affects the way programs display dates, times,
currency, and numbers. You usually choose the

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Network Engineering – Installing and Upgrading Windows 2000 9

locale that matches your location, for example,

French (Canada).

Accommodates the special characters and

Current Keyboard Layout symbols used in different languages. Your
keyboard layout determines which characters
appear when you press keys on the keyboard.

2. Enter your name and organization.

3. Enter the computer name and password for the local Administrator account. This user account
resides in the SAM of the computer and not in Active Directory.

Tip To increase security on your network, it is recommended that you use complex passwords that are
hard to guess.

4. Select the date, time, and time zone settings.

Configuring the correct date and time settings is critical. A date or time setting that differs from that of
servers on the network can cause problems when joining domain.

Installing Network Components

After completing the Setup wizard, install network components by performing the following steps:

1. Choose a networking setting.

Setting Description

Typical Installs Client for Microsoft Networks, File and

Printer Sharing for Microsoft Networks, and
Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol
(TCP/IP).
Custom Creates custom network connections: for
example, configuring a static IP address,
configuring the computer as a WINS client, or
adding NetBIOS Enhanced User Interface
(NetBEUI).

2. Provide a workgroup or domain name.

3. Click Finish to restart the computer.

4. Configure the network ID for the computer-

After the computer restarts, Windows 2000 Professional displays the Network ID wizard. In this
wizard, you do either of the following.

 Configure a specific user account and password for the computer. When a user starts the
computer, Windows 2000 automatically logs on using the configured user name and password.

 Choose not to configure a specific user account for the computer. When a user starts the
computer, the Log On to Windows dialog box appears.

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Network Engineering – Installing and Upgrading Windows 2000 10

Installing Windows 2000 Advanced Server from a Compact Disc

To install Windows 2000 Advanced Server from a compact disc, you must start the computer from a
compact disc or from the Setup disks, and then complete the Setup wizard. With the exception of the
optional components, the information you provide during an installation of Windows 2000 Advanced
Server is the same as the information you provide during an installation of Windows 2000 Professional.
In addition, with Windows 2000 Advanced Server, you are provided the option to further configure the
server after the installation finishes by using the Configure Your Server wizard.

Running the Setup Program

To run the text-based portion of the Setup program, perform the following tasks:

1. Start the computer from the compact disc or from the Setup disks.

Note To create the Setup disks, run the Makeboot.exe program from another computer running
Windows 2000. Makeboot.exe is located in the Boot disk folder on the Windows 2000 compact disc. To
create a Setup disk, click Start, click Run, type makeboot a: in the Open box. and then click
OK.

2. Select to install a new copy of Windows 2000,

3. Read and accept the licensing agreement.

4. Select the partition on which to install Windows 2000.

5. Select a file system for the new partition. You can also choose to format the new partition.

Completing the Setup Wizard

After running the text-based portion of the Setup program, complete the Setup wizard by providing
the following information:

1. Change regional settings, if necessary.

2. Enter your name and organization.

3. Select a licensing mode.

4. Enter the computer name and password for the local Administrator account.

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Network Engineering – Installing and Upgrading Windows 2000 11

5. Select the Windows 2000 optional components. Optional components provide additional
functionality to Windows 2000, such as Web services, Remote Installation Services (R-IS), and
management tools. The components you choose are determined by how you intend to use your
server. The following table describes these optional components.

Component Description

Certificate Services Allows you to create and request digital

certificates for authentication. Certificates provide
a verifiable means of identifying users on non
secure networks, such as the Internet.

Windows Clustering Enables two or more servers to work together to

keep server-based applications available,
regardless of individual component features. This
service is available only in Windows 2000
Advanced Server and Windows 2000 Datacenter
Server.

IIS Includes FTP and Web servers, the administrative

interface for US, common US components, and
documentation.

Management and Monitoring Tools Includes tools for monitoring and improving
network performance.

Message Queuing Supports applications that send messages to

queues, Queues act like caches, controlling the
flow of data to destinations, and ensuring that
messages reach their destinations. Message
Queuing also allows applications to communicate
across heterogeneous networks and with
computers that may be temporarily offline.

Microsoft Indexing Service Enables dynamic full-text searches of data that is

stored on the computer or network.

Microsoft Script Debugger Allows client- and server-side debugging of

Microsoft ActiveX® script engines, such as a
script written in Microsoft Visual Basic®, Scripting
Edition (VBScnpt), or Microsoft JScript®.

Networking Services Includes the DHCP Server service, DNS Server

service, TCP/IP, and other networking
components.

Other Network File and Print Services Enables sharing of files and printers on this
computer with Macintosh and UNIX-based
computers.

Remote Installation Services Enables remote installation of Windows 2000

Professional over a network connection.

Remote Storage Allows the user to use tape libraries as extensions

of NTFS volumes, automatically moving data to
and from tape media.

Terminal Services Enables Windows-based clients to gain access to a

virtual Windows 2000 Advanced Server desktop

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Network Engineering – Installing and Upgrading Windows 2000 12

session and Windows-based applications.

6. Set the date, time, and time zone settings.

Installing Network Components

After completing the Setup wizard, install network components by performing the following steps:

1. Click Typical or Customized for the networking components.

2. Provide a workgroup or domain name.

3. After completing the installation process, Setup displays the Welcome to Windows screen. You
must enter the Administrator account password for the local computer in order to log on.

Configuring the Server

After the installation is completed, Windows 2000 Advanced Server offers you the opportunity to
further configure the server.

Note If you choose not to configure the server at this point, you can do it later. To gain access to the
Windows 2000 Configure Your Server page, click Start, point to Programs, point to
Administrative Tools, and then click Configure Your Server.

On the Windows 2000 Configure Your Server page, you can configure the following.

 Active Directory. You can configure the server as a domain controller and set up Domain Name
System (DNS) if it is not already available on the network.

 File server. You can create the shared folders to be stored on the server.

 Print server. You can set up a local or network printer and have them publish to Active
Directory.

 Web/Media server. You can use this to gain a strong internal or external Web presence. This
includes using US to set up a Web or FTP site on your corporate intranet and creating a
streaming multimedia presentation.

 Networking, You can select the networking services you want to use.

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Network Engineering – Installing and Upgrading Windows 2000 13

 Application server. You can set up the computer as an application server.

 More advanced configurations. You can set up advanced configurations, such as message
queuing. Windows 2000 support tools, and advanced services.

34 Module 1: Installing or Upgrading to Windows 2000

• Upgrading to Windows 2000 Professional

You can upgrade most Windows client operating systems directly to

Windows 2000 Professional. If you upgrade, instead of installing, you do
not lose the settings and applications already installed.

Before upgrading the operating systems on a client computer to

Windows 2000 Professional, you must ensure that the computer hardware
meets the Windows 2000 Professional hardware requirements.

If client computers running Windows 95 and Windows 98 use incompatible

or insufficient hardware and you do not want to upgrade them, you can
install Windows 2000 Directory Services Client. Then, these client
computers can take advantage of a Windows 2000 network.

35----------------------------

Identifying Client Upgrade Paths

You can upgrade most client computers running earlier versions of Windows
and Windows NT Workstation directly to Windows 2000 Professional.
However, computers running Windows NT for Workgroups versions 3.1 or 3.5
require an additional step.

The following table lists the Windows 2000 Professional upgrade paths for
client operating systems.

From Upgrade to

Windows 95 and Windows 98

Windows NT Workstation 3.5-1 or 4.0
Windows for Workgroups 3.1

Windows 2000 Professional.

Windows 2000 Professional.

Windows NT Workstation versions 3.5.1 or

4.0 first, and then upgrade to Windows 2000
Professional.

Important You cannot upgrade Windows 3.1 directly to Windows 2000

Professional. You must first upgrade to Windows 95 or Windows 98, and then
upgrade to Windows 2000 Professional.

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Network Engineering – Installing and Upgrading Windows 2000 14

36--------------------------

Upgrading Clients Running Windows 95 or Windows 98

Upgrading from Windows 95 or Windows 98 can require more planning and

testing than an upgrade from Windows NT. Because of the differences in the
system registry and setup procedures, many applications install differently on
computers running Windows 95 and 98 than they do on computers running
Windows NT Workstation 4.0 or Windows 2000 Professional.

Generating a Compatibility Report

Windows 2000 provides a report-only mode that can generate compatibility

reports. These reports provide you with information about incompatible features
and applications before you perform the upgrade. You can analyze these reports
to determine whether you need to install update packs or new versions of
applications.

You can generate a compatibility report in two ways:

• Run the winnt32 /checkupgradeonly command

This starts the first part of the Windows 2000 Setup program. Instead of
running the entire Setup program, it only checks for compatible hardware
and software, and then generates a compatibility report.

• Run the Windows 2000 Readiness Analyzer

Use the Windows 2000 Readiness Analyzer to ensure that computers

running Windows 95, Windows 98, or Windows NT can be upgraded to
Windows 2000. The Windows 2000 Readiness Analyzer identifies installed
devices and applications that are known to be incompatible with
Windows 2000.

Access the Windows 2000 Readiness Analyzer at

http://www.microsoft.com/windows2000/upgrade/compat/default.asp
After you download the Windows 2000 Readiness Analyzer RTW, start the
utility. To start the utility, run Chkupgrd.exe.

37----------------------

Module 1; Installing or Upgrading to Windows 2000 37

Running the Setup Program

To run the Setup program, perform the following tasks:

1. Start the computer from the compact disc.

2. Select the Upgrade to Windows 2000 (Recommended) check box, and

then click Next.

3. Read and accept the licensing agreement.

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Network Engineering – Installing and Upgrading Windows 2000 15

4. Specify any update packs required to make your applications work properly
with Windows 2000. Update packs contain migration dynamic-link libraries
(DLLs) that update an application so that it works in Windows 2000
Professional.

5. Select the partition on which to install Windows 2000. If you are installing
the system onto an existing FAT partition, specify whether you want to
convert the partition to NTFS.

6. Review the upgrade report.

Setup generates an upgrade report to alert you to any compatibility

problems. Every application on the computer is scanned for known
problems and upgrade packs are recommended as needed.

Note Stop the installation process only if the compatibility problems

prevent the user from operating the computer. In most cases, these errors are
associated with a specific application and you can resolve them after
completing setup. You can print or save this report.

7. Join a domain.

Client computers running Windows 95 and Windows 98 do not have

domain computer accounts. If the computer being upgraded is going to join
a domain, a computer account must exist or you must create the domain
computer account. This process is identical to the process for creating a
domain user account during installation.

8. Finish running the Setup program, which migrates as much information as

possible from the Windows 95 or Windows 98 registry and installs
Windows 2000 Professional.

When the upgrade is complete, log on as the local administrator to review any
errors that may have occurred.

38-----------------------------

Upgrading Clients Running Windows NT Workstation 3.5.1 or 4.0

• Same Registry

• Same Application Support

• Same Device Support

•.^asifi&tUpg*atie:,ta.;"""""

'"'"^ •„..•-•':• "i-™ ••f^»•".•.^,"*,i°S.••,,- "-°iii:'

Because Windows NT Workstation 3.5.1, Windows NT Workstation 4.0, and

Windows 2000 Professional share common registry, file system, security, and
operating system kernel structures, nearly all applications that run on
Windows NT Workstation 4.0 will run without modification on Windows 2000
Professional. Upgrading from Windows NT Workstation to Windows 2000

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Network Engineering – Installing and Upgrading Windows 2000 16

Professional is easier than upgrading from other Windows operating systems

because:

• Almost all peripherals and devices that worked with Windows NT

Workstation 4.0 will work with Windows 2000 Professional.

• The version of NTFS used in Windows NT Workstation 4.0 is transparently

upgraded to the version of NTFS used in Windows 2000 Professional during
the upgrade process.

Note A few minor incompatibilities exist between the version of NTFS used in
Windows NT Workstation 4.0 and the version of NTFS used in Windows 2000
Professional. For example, the anti-virus software that may use filters to scan
files and drives. Because of updates to NTFS in Windows 2000 Professional,
some Windows NT Workstation 4.0 file system filters will not work on
Windows 2000 Professional.

39----------------

Module 1: Installing or Upgrading to Windows 2000 39

The upgrade process for client computers running Windows NT

Workstation 3.5.1 and 4.0 is similar to the upgrade process for client computers
running Windows 95 and Windows 98, To upgrade clients running
Windows NT Workstation 3.5.1 or 4.0, perform the following tasks;

1. Start the computer from the compact disc.

2. Select the Upgrade to Windows 2000 (Recommended) check box, and

then click Next.

3. Read and accept the licensing agreement.

4. If you are installing the system onto an existing FAT partition, specify
whether you want to convert the partition to NTFS.

The files are copied, the computer restarts, and the upgrade finishes without
further intervention.

40----------------------------

Installing the Directory Services Client

The Directory Services Client Allows Computers

Running Windows 95 and Windows 98 That Cannot Run
Windows 2000 To:

• Use Domain-Based Dfs

• Search Active Directory

• Change Passwords on any

Domain Controller

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Network Engineering – Installing and Upgrading Windows 2000 17

Client computers running Windows 95 or Windows 98 lhat cannot run

Windows 2000 Professional due to hardware compatibility requirements can
still take advantage of Active Directory by using the Windows 2000 Directory
Services Client. The Directory Services Client upgrades computers running
Windows 95 and Windows 98 so that they support Active Directory features,
including the ability to:

• Use domain-based Distributed file system (Dfs). Dfs is a service that allows
you to organize data into a logical hierarchy even through is it physically
spread over multiple computers.

Note For more information about Dfs, see module 7, "Providing Network
Access to File Resources," in course 2152B, Implementing Microsoft
Windows 2000 Professional and Server.

Search Active Directory.

Change passwords on any domain controller.

41----------------------

Important Before installing the Directory Services Client on a computer

running Windows 95, you must install Microsoft Internet Explorer 4.0.1 or later
and enable the Active Desktop™ component. Otherwise, the Directory Services
Client Setup wizard does not run.

To install the Directory Services Client, perform the following steps:

1. Insert the Windows 2000 Server or Advanced Server compact disc into the
CD-ROM drive.

2. In the \CHents\Win9x folder, on the Windows 2000 Server or

Windows 2000 Advanced Server compact disc, run Dsclient.exe.

3. In the Directory Services Client Setup wizard, click Next.

4. On the License Agreement page, read the license agreement, and then click
I accept this agreement.

The Confirm Installation page appears, prompting you to confirm that you
want to install Directory Services Client.

5. Click Finish to complete the installation.

6. Click OK. When prompted, click Yes to restart the computer.

42----------------------------

42 Module 1: Installing or Upgrading to Windows 2000

• Upgrading to Windows 2000 Advanced Server

j • Identifying Server Upgrade Paths

• Backing Up Critical Data Files and Settings

Vocational Training Center – Dehiwala Course note prepared by: Kanishka Weeramunda
Network Engineering – Installing and Upgrading Windows 2000 18

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There are several reasons to choose an upgrade from earlier versions of

Windows to Windows 2000 Advanced Server instead of a new installation.
First, the configuration is easier for an upgrade, and your existing users,
settings, groups, rights, and permissions are retained. In addition, you do not
need to reinstall files and applications. There are some tasks that you need to
perform to help ensure a successful upgrade to Windows 2000. These tasks
include identifying the upgrade path and backing up critical data files and
settings.

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Identifying Server Upgrade Paths

To upgrade domain controllers and member servers running previous versions

of Windows NT to Windows 2000 Advanced Server, identify the upgrade paths
for server operating systems in the following table.

From Upgrade to

A primary domain controller (PDC)

or a backup domain controller
(BDC) running Windows NT
Server versions 3.5.1 or 4.0

A member server running

Windows NT Server 3.5.1 or 4.0

A computer running
Windows NT Server 3.1 or
Windows NT Server 3.5

A domain controller running Windows 2000

Server or Windows 2000 Advanced Server.

A member server running Windows 2000 Server

or Windows 2000 Advanced Server.

A computer running Windows NT Server 3.5.1

or 4.0 first, and then upgrade to Windows 2000
Server or Windows 2000 Advanced Server.

Note Many servers running Windows NT 3.1 or Windows NT 3.5 will not
have the necessary hardware to run Windows 2000, To upgrade these servers
and preserve the system configuration, you must first upgrade the system
hardware to meet the Windows 2000 hardware requirements. You can then
upgrade the operating system to Windows NT 3.5.1 or Windows NT 4.0, and
then to Windows 2000 Advanced Server,

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Vocational Training Center – Dehiwala Course note prepared by: Kanishka Weeramunda
Network Engineering – Installing and Upgrading Windows 2000 19

Backing Up Critical Data Files and Settings

Perform the Following Tasks to Back Up Critical Files

and Settings:

• Fix Errors Listed in Event Viewer

• Back Up All Drives

• Back Up Registry

• Update Emergency Repair Disk

• Remove Virus scanners, Third Party Network

Services, or Client Software

• Disconnect Serial Cables to UPS

Before you upgrade to Windows 2000 Advanced Server, it is important that you
back up critical files to ensure that your data is saved if the upgrade process
fails. Perform the following tasks to back up critical files and settings;

• Fix errors listed in Event Viewer. Check Event Viewer to ensure that there
are no unresolved errors or issues. If errors are found, they should be
corrected before upgrading to Windows 2000 Advanced Server.

• Back up all drives. Back up all drives in the system using a tape drive or
some other type of system backup device. If you are using the Windows NT
Backup utility, confirm that there were no errors after the backup process by
checking the backup logs.

• Back up registry. Back up the registry of the computer using the

Windows NT Backup utility or another backup program.

Note You can back up the registry without using tape by running
Regback.exe in the Windows NT Server Resource Kit, You can restore the
registry by running Regrest.exe, which is also found in the Windows NT
Server Resource Kit.

• Update the Emergency Repair Disk. Update the Emergency Repair Disk
(ERD) by running Rdisk.exe at the command prompt.

• Remove any virus scanners, third-party network services, or client software.

Refer to the Release Notes file on the Windows 2000 Advanced Server
compact disc for information about any known problems with specific
hardware and applications.

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Module 1: Installing or Upgrading to Windows 2000 45

Vocational Training Center – Dehiwala Course note prepared by: Kanishka Weeramunda
Network Engineering – Installing and Upgrading Windows 2000 20

• Disconnect serial cables to UPS. Disconnect the serial cable that connects
any uninterruptible power supply (UPS) devices. Windows 2000 Advanced
Server will attempt to automatically detect devices connected to serial ports,
which can cause problems with UPS equipment.

• Reserve IRQs for non-Plug and Play ISA devices. If your system contains
non-Plug and Play Industry Standard Architecture (ISA) devices, set your
system BIOS (basic input/output system) to reserve all IRQs (interrupt
requests) currently in use by non-Plug and Play ISA devices. Failure to do
so may result in the error message INACCESS1BLE^BOOT_DEVICE. In
some cases, the non-Plug and Play ISA devices may not function.

After you complete the preparation tasks and back up your critical files and
settings, you can begin the Windows 2000 installation procedure. The
installation procedure for upgrading to Windows 2000 Advanced Server is
similar to the procedure for a new installation. Refer to the installation
procedure that was presented previously in the module to complete the upgrade
process.

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46 Module 1: Installing or Upgrading to Windows 2000

Identifying Setup Errors

The following table lists common setup errors and possible solutions.
Problem Solution

Media errors

Non-supported
CD-ROM drive

Insufficient disk space

Failure of dependency
service to start

Use a different compact disc. To request a replacement

compact disc, contact Microsoft or your vendor.

Replace the CD-ROM drive with one that is supported.

Try another method of installing Windows 2000, such as

installing over the network, and then add the CD-ROM
driver.

Use the Setup program to create a partition that uses existing

free space on the hard disk. You can also delete and create
partitions as necessary to create a partition that is large
enough for installation.

In the Windows 2000 Setup wizard, return to the Network

Settings page and verity that you installed the correct
protocol and network adapter. Verify that the network

Vocational Training Center – Dehiwala Course note prepared by: Kanishka Weeramunda
Network Engineering – Installing and Upgrading Windows 2000 21

adapter has the proper configuration settings, such as

transceiver type. and that the local computer name is unique
on the network.

47-----------------------
(continued)
Problem

Solution

Inability to connect to
the domain controller

Failure of
Windows 2000 to
install or start

Verify that the domain name is correct and the IP Address is

correct.

Verify that the server running the DNS Server service and
the domain controller are both online. If you cannot locate a
domain controller, join a workgroup and then join the
domain after installation,

Verify that the network adapter and protocol settings are set
correctly.

If you are reinstalling Windows 2000 and using the same

computer name, delete and then recreate the computer
account.

Verify that Windows 2000 is detecting all of the hardware

and that all of the hardware is on the HCL.

Vocational Training Center – Dehiwala Course note prepared by: Kanishka Weeramunda