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ANTIVIRAL DRUGS Assignment

Antiviral drugs work by inhibiting virus-specific replication processes within host cells, unlike antibiotics which target bacterial cell growth. They are classified based on their targets, such as DNA replication in herpes viruses or neuraminidase inhibition in influenza. Common antiviral drugs treat hepatitis B and C, cytomegalovirus, herpes zoster virus, and HIV by blocking viral replication and allowing the immune system to recover. Side effects can include loss of appetite, fatigue, mood changes, and skin rashes.

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64 views

ANTIVIRAL DRUGS Assignment

Antiviral drugs work by inhibiting virus-specific replication processes within host cells, unlike antibiotics which target bacterial cell growth. They are classified based on their targets, such as DNA replication in herpes viruses or neuraminidase inhibition in influenza. Common antiviral drugs treat hepatitis B and C, cytomegalovirus, herpes zoster virus, and HIV by blocking viral replication and allowing the immune system to recover. Side effects can include loss of appetite, fatigue, mood changes, and skin rashes.

Uploaded by

RAMSHA RAMSHA
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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ANTIVIRAL DRUGS

Prepared By :
Muhammad Usman (IC-301
Ramsha Shamim (IC-012)
Rafia Himayel Siddiqui (IC-024)
Tehreem Sadaqat (IC-022)

Course Code : CY-414


Course Title : Pharmaceutical Chemistry
VIRUS :

 Viruses are commit and obligate intracellular parasite .

 Their replication relies upon basically on synthetic


processes of the host cell.
 Effective anti-viral agents hinder virus-specific replicative
occasions or specially inhibit virus-directed rather than
host cell directed nucleic acid or protein synthesis.
What are Antiviral Drugs?

 Antiviral drugs are used to prevent or treat viral infections. They


are antimicrobial compounds, as are anti-biotics. However,
antiviral compounds do not have the same mode of action as
antibiotics. This is because most antibiotics rely on the ability of
the bacteria to grow and divide. Bacteria grow and divide
independently.

 In contrast, viruses must infect a host cell before they can exploit
the host cell's genetic machinery to manufacture the components of
new virus particles.

 Antibiotics are useless against viruses, both because viruses are


localized inside of another cell or tissue, and because viruses are
not alive in the absence of the host cell.
MODE OF ACTION
Structures of Some Medically Important Antiviral
drugs
Classification Based on Their Targets

Classification based on their therapeutic uses


Anti-Herpes Virus Drugs :

Drugs that are compelling against herpesviruses meddle with DNA


replication.

Anti-influenza Drugs :

These medications are inhibitors of neuraminidase, a glycoprotein on


the outside of the flu infection. Restraint of neuraminidase movement
diminishes the arrival of infection from contaminated cells, expands the
development of viral aggregates, and diminishes the spread of the
infection through the body.
Anti-HIV Drugs : HIV is treated with hostile to HIV prescriptions,
which work by halting the infection repeating in the body. This permits
the invulnerable framework to fix itself and forestall further harm.
Anti-RSV Drugs :Respiratory syncytial infection (RSV) causes a
conceivably lethal lower respiratory disease in children .Anti-RSV drugs
give latent immunity and should be given by intra-strong infusion once
every month during RSV season.

USES OF ANTI-VIRAL DRUGS :

1. To treat chronic hepatitis B and C (complete disappearance is seen


in 30%)

2. Antiviral medications are the most common type of treatment for


Cytomegalovirus CMV infections .

3. To treat HZV infections in cancer patients .

4. Effective to treat Hairy cell leukemia.

5. antiviral vaccines induce antibodies specific for the surface


glycoproteins of enveloped viruses or the capsid proteins of non-
enveloped viruses.
Side Effects of Anti-Viral Drugs
1. Loss of Appetite
2. Lipodystrophy
3. Fatigue
4. Higher levels of cholesterol and triglycerides
5. Mood changes , depression and anxiety
6. Skin rash and blisters

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