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Summary of Salt Preparation

This document provides information on different methods for preparing salts. It explains that salts are formed from reactions between acids and bases, resulting in ionic compounds with a metal and non-metal part. When salts dissolve in water, they form mobile ions and can conduct electricity. Three common methods for preparing soluble and insoluble salts are described: 1) acid-base reactions through titration, 2) adding an insoluble solid to excess acid, and 3) ionic precipitation by mixing solutions containing the respective metal and non-metal ions. The document also includes sample questions about the salt preparation methods.

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Germaine JBieber
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319 views

Summary of Salt Preparation

This document provides information on different methods for preparing salts. It explains that salts are formed from reactions between acids and bases, resulting in ionic compounds with a metal and non-metal part. When salts dissolve in water, they form mobile ions and can conduct electricity. Three common methods for preparing soluble and insoluble salts are described: 1) acid-base reactions through titration, 2) adding an insoluble solid to excess acid, and 3) ionic precipitation by mixing solutions containing the respective metal and non-metal ions. The document also includes sample questions about the salt preparation methods.

Uploaded by

Germaine JBieber
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Lower Secondary Science (Chemistry)

St. Joseph’s Institution Secondary 2

A SUMMARY OF SALT PREPARATION METHODS

1. Salts are produced during the reactions of acids.

2. Salts are ionic compounds – it is made up of metal part and non-metal part.
 The metal part comes from the base /alkali /carbonate and
 The non-metal part comes from the acid.

3. When salts dissolve in water, mobile ions (charged particles) are formed thus
salt solutions are able to conduct electricity.

SALTS
SOLUBLE INSOLUBLE
ALL Sodium,
Potassium & (Barium, Lead, Calcium) sulphates
Ammonium salts
(Silver, Lead) chlorides
 Method (1) Titration EXCEPT
Most carbonates
 Acid + Alkali reaction

ALL nitrates salts  Method (3) Ionic precipitation


Most chlorides & sulphates  1) Add 1 salt solution & 1 acid OR
 2) Add two salt solutions together
 Method (2) Adding insoluble
solid in excess to acid Salt solution (i) Salt solution (ii)
contains or Acid contains
(i) Acid + metal metal ion non-metal ion
 NOT for unreactive metals (use nitrates) (use SPA salts)
(e.g. Cu) or very reactive
metals (e.g. Na, K)  Precipitate formed (insoluble salt)
(ii) Acid + base (heat required)  Filter the mixture
NOT for NaO or K2O  Wash and dry with filter paper.
(soluble in water)
(iii)Acid + carbonate E.g. Silver chloride is produced by
(Heat not required)
Silver nitrate + Sodium chloride
 Filter excess solids solution solution or
Hydrochloric acid
 Crystallization

1
Lower Secondary Science (Chemistry)
St. Joseph’s Institution Secondary 2

Questions:

Method (1) Titration:

a. How can you tell that the acid is used up (the end of the reaction)?

An indicator (e.g. methyl orange or phenolphthalein) is added and when


it changes colour to show that neutralization is complete.

b. How do you know the exact volume of acid or alkali used?

Use of pipette and burette.

Method (2) Adding insoluble solid in excess to acid

a. Why must you add excess solids to the acid?

To make sure all the acid has been reacted so that no excess acid will
contaminate the salt.

b. What are the visible observations to show that the reaction is over?

When the solid reactant stop dissolving or when effervescence stops.

Method (3) Ionic precipitation

a. Why must you add two solutions in this method?

If a solid reactant is added, the insoluble salt will form a coating around
the reactant and the reaction will stop.

b. What should the two solutions contain in order to produce the insoluble salt?

One solution contains the metal ion of the insoluble salt and the other
solution contains the non-metal ion of the insoluble salt.

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