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This document is an introduction to the theory of distributions. It covers test functions and distributions, differentiation and multiplication of distributions, distributions with compact support, tensor products of distributions, convolution of distributions, distribution kernels, coordinate transformations and pullbacks of distributions, tempered distributions and Fourier transforms, Plancherel's theorem and Sobolev spaces, the Fourier-Laplace transform, and the calculus of wavefront sets. It contains 11 chapters and an appendix on topological vector spaces.

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65 views4 pages

Speaking Foreign Language

This document is an introduction to the theory of distributions. It covers test functions and distributions, differentiation and multiplication of distributions, distributions with compact support, tensor products of distributions, convolution of distributions, distribution kernels, coordinate transformations and pullbacks of distributions, tempered distributions and Fourier transforms, Plancherel's theorem and Sobolev spaces, the Fourier-Laplace transform, and the calculus of wavefront sets. It contains 11 chapters and an appendix on topological vector spaces.

Uploaded by

John Alphaxard
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Introduction to

the theory of distributions

F.G. FRIEDLANDER
Department of Pure Mathematics and Mathematical Statistics
University of Cambridge

with additional material by


M. Joshi
Department of Pure Mathematics and Mathematical Statistics
University of Cambridge

CAMBRIDGE
UNIVERSITY PRESS
CONTENTS

Preface ix
Introduction' 1
1 Test functions and distributions 4
1.1 Some notations and definitions 4
1.2 Test functions 5
1.3 Distributions 7
1.4 Localization 10
1.5 Convergence of distributions 13
Exercises 15

2 Differentiation, and multiplication by smooth functions 17


2.1 The derivatives of a distribution 17
2.2 Some examples 18
2.3 A distribution obtained by analytic continuation 20
2.4 Primitives in 9'(R) 22
2.5 Product of a distribution and a smooth function 23
2.6 Linear differential operators 25
2.7 Division in ^'(R) 27
2.8 Duality 29
Exercises 30

3 Distributions with compact support 34


3.1 Continuous linear forms on C°°(X), and distributions with 34
compact support
3.2 Distributions supported at the origin 36
Exercises 39

4 Tensor products 40
4.1 Test functions which depend on a parameter 40
4.2 Affine transformations 42
4.3 The tensor product of distributions 44
Exercises 48
Contents vi

5 Convolution
5.1 The convolution of two distributions
5.2 Regularization
5.3 Convolution of distributions with non-compact supports
5.4 Fundamental solutions of some differential operators
Exercises

6 Distribution kernels
6.1 Schwartz kernels and the kernel theorem
6.2 Regular kernels
6.3 Fundamental kernels of differential operators
Exercises
7 Coordinate transformations and pullbacks
7.1 Diffeomorphisms
7.2 The pullback of a distribution by a function
7.3 The wave equation on R 4
Exercises

8 Tempered distributions and Fourier transforms


8.1 Introduction
8.2 Rapidly decreasing test functions
8.3 Tempered distributions
8.4 The convolution theorem
8.5 Poisson's summation formula, and periodic distributions
8.6 The elliptic regularity theorem
Exercises
9 Plancherel's theorem, and Sobolev spaces
9.1 Hilbert space
9.2 The Fourier transform on L2(Rn)
9.3 Sobolev spaces
Exercises
10 The Fourier-Laplace transform
10.1 Analytic functions of several complex variables
10.2 The Paley-Wiener-Schwartz theorem
10.3 An application to evolution operators
10.4 The Malgrange-Ehrenpreis theorem
Exercises

11 The calculus of wavefront sets 144


11.1 Definitions 144
11.2 Transformations of wavefront sets under elementary operations 148
11.3 Push-forwards and pull-backs 154
11.4 Wavefront sets and Schwartz kernels 157
11.5 Propagation of singularities 159
Exercises 160
Contents vii

Appendix: topological vector spaces 162


Bibliography 170
Notation 171
Index 173

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