RIZAL TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

Cities of Mandaluyong and Pasig

SESSION NO. 10

AIM AND PHASES OF DISASTER RISK MANANAGEMENT

Upon completion of this unit, the learners will be able to:

1. Discuss the key concept, principles, and elements of DRR;

2. Recognize the importance of DRR on one`s life;
3. Discuss different community- based practices for managing disaster risk
to specific hazards;
4. Develop a community preparedness plan; and
5. Prepare survival kits and materials for one`s family and for public
information and advocacy.

Overview

Disasters have always been a result of human interaction with nature,

technology and other living entities. Sometimes unpredictable and sudden,
sometimes slow and lingering, various types of disasters continually affect the way in
which we live our daily lives. Human beings as innovative creatures have sought new
ways in which to curb the devastating effects of disasters. However, for years human
conduct regarding disasters has been reactive in nature. Communities, sometimes
aware of the risks that they face, would wait in anticipation of a disastrous event and
then activate plans and procedures. Human social and economic development has
further contributed to creating vulnerability and thus weakening the ability of humans
to cope with disasters and their effects.

Disasters impede human development. Gains in development are inextricably

linked to the level of exposure to disaster risk within any given community. In the
same light, the level of disaster risk prevalent in a community is linked to the
developmental choices exerted by that community (UNDP, 2004). The link between
disasters and development is well researched and documented. The fact that

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Cities of Mandaluyong and Pasig

disasters impact on development (e.g. a school being washed away in a flood) and
development increases or decreases the risk of disasters (e.g. introducing
earthquake-resistant building techniques) is widely accepted.

Disaster risk management is the application of disaster risk reduction policies

and strategies to prevent new disaster risk, reduce existing disaster risk and manage
residual risk, contributing to the strengthening of resilience and reduction of disaster
losses.

Study Guide

The learners are expected to gain an understanding about the concept of

Disaster Risk and Disaster Risk Reduction Management and be able to identify the
importance of DRRM in our community.

Learning Outcomes

Upon completion of this unit, the learners will be able to:

1. Discuss the key concept, principles, and elements of DRR;

2. Recognize the importance of DRR on one`s life;
3. Discuss different community- based practices for managing disaster risk
to specific hazards;
4. Develop a community preparedness plan; and
5. Prepare survival kits and materials for one`s family and for public
information and advocacy.

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 RIZAL TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY
Cities of Mandaluyong and Pasig

Topic Presentation

WHAT IS THE AIM OF DISASTER RISK REDUCTION?

Disaster Risk Reduction aims to reduce the damage caused by natural hazards

like earthquakes, floods, droughts and cyclones, through an ethic of prevention.

Disaster risk reduction is the concept and practice of reducing disasters risks

through systematic efforts to analyse and reduce the causal factors of disasters. Reducing

exposure to hazards, lessening vulnerability of people and property, wise management of

land and the environment, and improving preparedness and early warning for adverse

events are all examples of Disaster Risk Reduction.

PHASES OF DISASTER RISK REDUCTION MANAGEMENT

Pre- event

a. Mitigation: Measures taken in advance of a hazard impact aimed at

reducing its impact on society and environment.

Mitigation activities include:

● Hazard/ Risk Identification and Assessment- develop, update and

disseminate hazard maps and related information to decision makers, general
public and communities at risk.
● Enforcement of zoning, land use and building and fire codes.
● integrating/ mainstreaming disaster risk management in infrastructure, the
education sector, local governance (comprehensive land use and
development plans, construction permits, design approvals), climate change
adaption, flood mitigation master plan, etc.
● Developing early warning systems that are people- centered timely and
understandable to those at risk.

b. Preparedness: Measures undertaken to prepare people to react appropriately

during and following such emergencies. It involves the following activities:

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Cities of Mandaluyong and Pasig

⮚ Planning- disaster management plans, contingency plans, SOPs, ICS. Mutual

ai arrangement;
⮚ Advocacy- information dissemination through mass media, enhancing
people`s awareness through conduct of disaster management fora/ briefing,
observance of disasters consciousness month, etc;
⮚ Education and training- of local officials, deputized coordinators, auxiliaries,
volunteers, conduct of drills and exercises, community-based disaster risk
management trainings;
⮚ Resources- 5 M`s – manpower, materials, methods, machines and money.

Post event

Post event refers to activities after the emergency which include the following:

a. Response: measures undertaken immediately following an emergency. Such

measures are directed towards saving life, protecting property, and dealing
with the immediate damage caused by the disaster. Below are activities
associated with response:
b. Rehabilitation: includes measures undertaken to restore affected
communities/ areas to their proper or normal level of functioning a
development with reduces vulnerability and increased sustainability. This can
be categorized into:
⮚ Short term- restoring necessary lifeline systems (e.g. power,
communication, water and sewerage, transportation, etc.), providing
for basic human needs (food, clothing, shelter) and monitoring law and
order providing CISD, etc.
⮚ Long term- restoring economic activity and development, rebuilding
community facilities and housing, healing, repair, and reconstruction in
a way that is less vulnerable to future hazard impacts.

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Guided Exercises / Learning Activities

Name:
Course/ Year:
Direction: Analyze an explain the Process of Disaster Risk Reduction Management
(DRRM) below

Write your explanation below.

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Cities of Mandaluyong and Pasig

Assessment

Name:
Course/ Year:
Directions: Explain the four (4) phases of Disaster Risk Management.

Mitigation: _______________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________

Preparedness: _______________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________

Response: ____________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________

Rehabilitation: ________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________

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Cities of Mandaluyong and Pasig

Assignment

Name:
Course/ Year:
Directions: Give some examples of activities under each phases of Disaster Risk
Reduction Management

Mitigation Preparedness Response Rehabilitation

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Cities of Mandaluyong and Pasig

References

Marivic Reyes, et.al. NSTP1 Worktext for Non-ROTC NSTP Students ISBN 978-
6218094-32-1 Panday Lahi 2019

United Nations Office of Disaster Risk Reduction

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