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Lab 2 - Introduction To Logic Gates

This lab introduces students to basic logic gates like AND, OR, NOT, NAND, NOR, XOR and XNOR. Students will use simulation software to place these gates on a canvas, connect their inputs and outputs, and observe their truth tables. They will then simulate a multi-gate circuit and fill out its truth table. The goal is for students to understand the operations and behaviors of fundamental logic gates.

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Angelica
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56 views

Lab 2 - Introduction To Logic Gates

This lab introduces students to basic logic gates like AND, OR, NOT, NAND, NOR, XOR and XNOR. Students will use simulation software to place these gates on a canvas, connect their inputs and outputs, and observe their truth tables. They will then simulate a multi-gate circuit and fill out its truth table. The goal is for students to understand the operations and behaviors of fundamental logic gates.

Uploaded by

Angelica
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Lab 2: Introduction to Logic Gates

Objective(s):

• To describe and verify the operation of AND, OR, NOT, NAND, NOR, XOR, and XNOR gates.
• To practice how to simulate a simple digital circuit using a software package

Outcome(s):

• The students know the operations of different logic gates


• The students are able to simulate different digital logic circuit using a software package

Part 1: Background Information

Logic gates are the simplest component of any logic circuit. In order to understand the computer
logic, you should understand and master the logic operators (i.e., gates). A gate is a digital
electronic circuit having only one output, but one or more inputs. The output that appears at the
output of the gate depends on the input combinations.

There are many types of logic gates; such as AND, OR, and NOT, which are usually called the
three basic gates. Other popular gates are NAND and NOR gates; which are simply combinations
of an AND or an OR gate followed by a NOT gate. Other gates include the XOR “Exclusive-OR”
and the XNOR "Exclusive NOR" gates. In this experiment, we will investigate the above
mentioned basic logic gates and study their operations according to their truth table, as prescribed
during lectures.

Part 2: Lab Proper

1. Open the Logisim application


2. The Logisim main window will open, as shown below.

3. Logisim main window has five main parts:


a. Explorer pane that includes the component, which you will use in building your design.
b. Attribute table that allows you to adjust the attribute of the components, according to
your design needs. If the attribute table is not apparent on your computer, it will show up
in the following steps.
c. Canvas, where your will draw your circuit
d. Menu bar that allow you to handle your project and its associated files
e. Toolbar that helps you to draw and simulate your circuit

4. From the File menu, click on save or simply click ctrl + s or command + s (for macbook users)
5. The save window will show up. Browse to the folder, where you want to save your files, write
Lab2_Last Name_FN (ex. Lab2_Juan_Jomer) on the file name, then click save.
6. Now, you are ready to verify the operation of all basic logic. Gates. Let’s start with the NAND gate.
7. From the explorer pane, expand the gates folder by clicking on the + sign beside it.

8. Select the NAND gate and place it into the canvas. Notice that the attribute table of the NAND
gate would show up.
9. Practice changing one of the attributes of the NAND gate. Change the number of inputs from 5 to
2.
10. From the toolbar, select the input tool and add two inputs on the canvas to the left of the NAND
gate. Similarly, add an output to the right of the NAND gate using the output tool. In the attribute
table, give labels to your inputs and output as X, Y, and Z respectively.
11. If required, you could move your component through the canvas using the edit tool. Any
component could be deleted by selecting it using the edit tool then click on the delete key.
12. From the toolbar, select the edit tool to wire your circuit. click on the input X and keep pressing
while moving to the upper input of the NAND gate. Notice that when the mouse cursor is over a
point the receives a wire, a small green circle will be drawn around it. Logisim allows only
horizontal and vertical wires.
13. Now, let’s verify the operation of the NAND gate by constructing its truth table. Currently, the
two inputs, X and Y, are 0s (or colored in dark green), whereas the output Z is 1 (or colored in light
green). This constitutes the first row of the 2-inpur NAND gate truth table.
14. To try other input combinations, select the poke tool, from the toolbar, and click on the input you
want to toggle. Try all input combinations and fill in the following truth table.
Sample truth table for 2-input logic gate
X Y Z

0 0

0 1

1 0

1 1

15. Repeat the previous steps to verify the operation of all other basic logic gates: NOR, NOT, AND,
OR, XOR, and XNOR. Fill in the following truth tables for each gate.
16. Take a screenshot of the canvas where all the logic gates are present. This will be attached in the
lab report under the data and results.
17. Insert the truth tables for each logic gate in the lab report also under the data and results. Make
sure to properly label each truth table.

Part 3: Post Lab Practice Simulation

Instructions: The answers from this part will be attached in the “answers to questions” part of the
laboratory report.

1. Consider the logic circuit shown below. Use the Logisim to simulate it. Verify the circuit operation
and fill in its truth table. Include snapshots from your simulation into your report.

A B C F
0 0 0
0 0 1
0 1 0
0 1 1
1 0 0
1 0 1
1 1 0
1 1 1
Format of Laboratory Report

Laboratory Reports will be submitted in pdf format. Filename should follow this format:
Last Name, FN_Lab#.pdf (e.g. Juan, Jomer_Lab2.pdf)

Last Name, First Name M.I.


ID Number
Section
Date of Submission

Laboratory Report #{insert number}


{Title}

Data and Result:

Software Simulation Results:

{insert screenshot of the simulations}


{insert truth table (if necessary)}

Answers to Questions:

{insert screenshot of the simulations}


{insert truth table (if necessary)}

Conclusion(s):

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